140 research outputs found
El diario de Augusto Monterroso: La letra E
No full textIn El diario de Augusto Monterroso: La letra E (in Assunta Polizzi, Parole discorsi testi nelle culture ispaniche, a cura di, Palermo, Flaccovio, 2007, pp.21-36) the author reflects on the genre of the journal within the framework of the ‘modern’, halfway between the existential testimony and an exercise in writing; fiction and confession.
The paper examines the journal of Augusto Monterroso, La letra E, a text focusing on the image of a writer continually searching for adequate forms of expression and his doubts on the very act of writing. La letra E thus ends up being a further testimony to the commitment of the writer to the written word and –at the same time- to his clear intention to pinpoint the modalities of the literary journal as genre, and consequently one of the forms, whether sophisticated or not, of lie, fiction and masking
Valori imprenditoriali e sviluppo economico– Unternehmerische Werte und Wirtschaftliche Entwicklung
No full textLa crisi finanziaria e i conseguenti riflessi sull’economia reale hanno acceso il dibattito sull’origine del fenomeno, ingenerando la diffusa considerazione che la causa dovrebbe forse rintracciarsi nella crisi dei valori sui quali l’economia produttiva avrebbe dovuto fare affidamento. In relazione a ciò, nel presente lavoro si sofferma l'analisi sui valori imprenditoriali e sui processi di apprendimento e trasmissione necessari per garantire percorsi di sviluppo duraturo, anche e soprattutto nei periodi di crisi.i valori imprenditoriali riflettono la concezione dell’impresa assunta dai soggetti che la governano e la cui validità deve essere giudicata in base all’idoneità degli stessi a raggiungere il fine dell’impresa.
Tuttavia, per identificare i valori imprenditoriali occorre preliminarmente identificare colui o coloro che governano l’impresa e che rappresentano il soggetto economico.le scelte gestionali e i comportamenti assunti dal soggetto economico sono quelli ritenuti più idonei a realizzare il fine dell’impresa e a consentire di realizzare la stessa ragione d’essere dell’impresa, i valori imprenditoriali si identificano con i comportamenti idonei a garantire la funzionalità duratura dell’impresa. i valori etici assumono la natura di metavalori aziendali rispetto ai valori imprenditoriali in quanto costituiscono una precondizione per l’affermazione dei valori imprenditoriali funzionali al successo duraturo dell’impresa.
Entrepreneurial values and economic development
The financial crisis affecting at global level firms of every size and sector cannot be avoided, but it can be faced taking into consideration the purposes of the firm, following consistent corporate strategies and relying on business knowledge, creativity, innovation and maintenance and transmission of entrepreneurial values. The entrepreneurial values are defined in relation to the purpose of the firm and they can be identified in choices and behaviours able to determine a permanent growth of the business. Disregarding entrepreneurial values can imply the business failure with negative impact on the other firms directly and indirectly involved and on the related socio-economic environment. When the position of the firm becomes relevant in the socio-economic environment, the social role becomes wider and the corporate governance inevitably bears generalized and public responsibilities. For all that we can consider the entrepreneur’s risk as an entrepreneurial value with great social implications. These issues imply a profound remark on the economic development perspectives at local and global level and on the need to combine profitability and equity together
IL DIRITTO DEL LAVORO NELLE IMPRESE SOCIALMENTE RESPONSABILI
No full textThe author starts from CSR definition as it is set by the Green Paper of the European Commission, where great importance is given to labour issures, in order to examine how it affects labour law and if, how and how much labour relationships may change in companiers voluntarily involvede in it. The expert in labour law is conscious of the importance of the change takin place, especially when the tespect of rules is connected to social and environmental sustainability targets, but he/she is also conscious of the risk of bargaining a lowe workers' protection
"Vuoti" e "pieni": la retribuzione e la parità di trattamento nell'ordinamento dell'Unione europea
No full textThe Author envisages the topic of pay from an Eu perspective by verifying how the exclusion of competence, which is still stated by the Treaties, combines with the principle of equal pay for women and men, which was already enshrined in the Treaty of Rome. The analyseis leads to interesting considerations. Firsto of all, the issue seems to run the blind track of competence exclusion not only beacause of a choice of non interfering with its determination, except for the equality principle, but also because the issue reaches an European dimension when referring to trans-national phenomena (such as, posting of workers and right to minimum wage). Most of all, this highlights the key role of equal tratment and of the prohibitions of discriminations, which have been progressively extended to a plurality of factors protected by the legal system and to the so called atypical jobs. The analysis of the proposal for a directive on GPG raises the critical aspects that collective bargaining implies. In fact, if pay is the typical subject of collective bargaining and if the systems of classification and professional placement are ones of its closest corollaries, the GPG is its direct outcome. This perspective necessarily implies the topic of the limits to contractual autonomy stemming from fundamental principles. The general rehearsals on this matter can be found in the "contracto on inserimento", as the law itself permits an exemption from the equal treatment principle. The point of arrival, at the moment, is represented by the omnivorous exception of art. 8 of the financial act of September 2011
Definition and interrogation of the gene regulatory network of CEBPA double-mutated AML
No full textMutations in C/EBPα and RUNX1 transcription factors are oncogenic drivers in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). The CEBPA gene is usually hit by two different biallelic mutations. This genetic change results in the expression of two distinct proteins: one shows impaired DNA binding or dimerization abilities, the other lacks a transactivation domain. To this day the molecular mechanisms that promote leukaemogenesis in affected patients, referred to as CEBPA double-mutated (CEBPAN/C), are still not completely understood. The RUNX1 gene is frequently affected by the t(8;21) translocation, generating the fusion product RUNX1-ETO. Previous work from our lab has demonstrated that CEBPAN/C and t(8;21) AMLs are epigenetically related, and that a similar gene regulatory network is corrupted in both forms of leukaemia. In the study presented here we confirmed this observation with a larger dataset, including 10 CEBPAN/C and 7 t(8;21) AML samples. To address the question of the molecular mechanisms governing the maintenance of CEBPA double-mutated leukaemia, we employed multi-omics approaches to comprehensively characterize CEBPAN/C AMLs using purified primary patient-derived cells and a CEBPAN/C AML cell line. We studied the gene expression at both the bulk and single cell level in blasts and leukaemic stem cells, determined open chromatin regions, mapped mutant C/EBPα binding sites using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays followed by sequencing (ChIP-Seq) and linked these regions to their rightful genes using promoter capture HiC. We used ChIP-Seq to show that a large number of C/EBPα binding sites overlap with RUNX1 and c-FOS binding sites. We found that C/EBP binding is associated with a composite C/EBP:AP-1 binding motif capable to bind a heterodimer of both proteins, a feature specific for CEBPAN/C AML. Based on this data, we determined the core gene regulatory network (GRN) of CEBPAN/C AML and compared it to normal cells. Finally, we interrogated this GRN and identified AP-1 and the C/EBP family itself as important factors maintaining CEBPAN/C AML. Our work has enhanced our insight into CEBPAN/C AML pathogenesis and represents an important resource for identifying novel targets for therapeutic intervention
Galdós, el periodismo y la escritura. Reflexiones a partir del cuento "El artículo de fondo"
No full textGaldós was experiencing in his formation and in his first stage of production the narrative space of the press. The short story “El artículo de fondo” was published in 1871 in Revista de España, in 1879, in three installments in El Océano and reappears in 1889 in a collection of brief narrative texts that accompany his Torquemada en la hoguera. This study tries to focus, on the one hand, the variants introduced by the author, especially in the last edition, in order to evaluate the process of maturation of galdosian writing. On the other hand, taking into account the essentially heterotextual consistency of this short story, it try to put it in relation to the pluritextual narrative texture, which the newspaper macrotexts emblematically reflects.Galdós da a conocer por primera vez el cuento “El artículo de fondo” en 1871 en la publicación periódica Revista de España (XIX, 3, 427-440). Bastante años después, volverá a editarlo en una colección de textos de narrativa breve que acompañan su Torquemada en la hoguera (Madrid, La Guirnalda y Episodios y Episodios Nacionales, 1889), advirtiendo a su amigo Clarín en una carta que las «antiguallas» que presentaba el volumen, sacadas del olvido por voluntad ajena al autor, no merecían la pena de una lectura. Sin embargo, Galdós tuvo que empeñarse en la revisión, por lo menos del texto que aquí nos interesa, si consideramos las variantes introducidas, las elisiones y las ampliaciones que la segunda edición del cuento presenta ya sólo a través de una rápida collatio y a partir del incipit. Siguiendo esta pista, no mencionada en los escasos estudios que la crítica galdosiana ha dedicado a “El artículo de fondo” y que hemos podidos consultar, y enfocando la consistencia esencialmente heterotextual del cuento, se ha ido hilvanando una serie de reflexiones acerca del interés de Galdós por los procesos de construcción del texto, del tejido narrativo pluritextual, conjunto de piezas da variada naturaleza verbal y genérica, que el macrotexto del periódico emblemáticamente refleja. Galdós iba experimentando en su formación y en su primera etapa de producción precisamente el espacio narrativo de la prensa, instalado en lo sustancial de la narración diversificada por registros y dispositivos informativos, entre los cuales los visuales, de la actualidad. De ahí, la hipótesis de este estudio que intenta enfocar, más allá de la incontrovertible parodia del periodista costumbrista o serial que el cuento elige come sujeto, las estrategias de trasvase de la realidad en el texto, una realidad siempre multifacética que necesita la yuxtaposición de piezas verbales y de perspectivas singulares, según los rasgos del discurso periodístico y del periódico como sistema textual complejo
Cancer-associated fibroblasts release exosomal microRNAs that dictate an aggressive phenotype in breast cancer
No full textCancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the major components of the
tumor microenvironment. They may drive tumor progression, although the
mechanisms involved are still poorly understood. Exosomes have emerged
as important mediators of intercellular communication in cancer. They
mediate horizontal transfer of microRNAs (miRs), mRNAs and proteins,
thus affecting breast cancer progression. Differential expression
profile analysis identified three miRs (miRs -21, -378e, and -143)
increased in exosomes from CAFs as compared from normal fibroblasts.
Immunofluorescence indicated that exosomes may be transferred from CAFs
to breast cancer cells, releasing their cargo miRs. Breast cancer cells
(BT549, MDA-MB-231, and T47D lines) exposed to CAF exosomes or
transfected with those miRs exhibited a significant increased capacity
to form mammospheres, increased stem cell and epithelial-mesenchymal
transition (EMT) markers, and anchorage-independent cell growth. These
effects were reverted by transfection with anti-miRs. Similarly to CAF
exosomes, normal fibroblast exosomes transfected with miRs -21, -378e,
and -143 promoted the stemness and EMT phenotype of breast cancer cells.
Thus, we provided evidence for the first time of the role of CAF
exosomes and their miRs in the induction of the stemness and EMT
phenotype in different breast cancer cell lines. Indeed, CAFs strongly
promote the development of an aggressive breast cancer cell phenotype
RYK promotes the stemness of glioblastoma cells via the WNT/ β-catenin pathway
No full textGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is characterized by a strong self-renewal potential and a poor differentiation state. Since receptor-like tyrosine kinase (RYK) activates the WNT/β-catenin pathway essential for cancer stem cell maintenance, we evaluated its contribution in conferring stemness to GBM cells. Here, we report that Ryk (related-to-receptor tyrosine kinase), an atypical tyrosine kinase receptor, is upregulated in samples from GBM patients as well as in GSCs. Ryk overexpression confers stemness properties to GBM cells through the modulation of the canonical Wnt signaling and by promoting the activation of pluripotency-related transcription factor circuitry and neurosphere formation ability. In contrast, siRNA-mediated knockdown of Ryk expression suppresses this stem-like phenotype. Rescue experiments reveal that stemness-promoting activity of Ryk is attributable, at least in part, to β-catenin stabilization. Furthermore, Ryk overexpression improves cell motility and anchorage independent cell growth. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that Ryk promotes stem cell-like and tumorigenic features to glioma cells its essential for the maintenance of GSCs and could be a target of novel therapies
Hades as the ruler of the Damned in the mosaic complex on the west wall of Basilica Santa Maria Assunta in Torcello, Italy
No full textThe aim of this article is to show the figure of the ancient god Hades as an important part of Byzantine symbolic representations of the Last Judgement, using the example of the mosaic from the west wall of Basilica Santa Maria Assunta in Torcello, Italy. The article is divided into three main parts. The first part briefly introduces the mosaic complex from Torcello, providing a description of the place, the Basilica, and the mosaic. In the second part, the author focuses on the fragment of the mosaic presenting the figure of Hades in hell. In an effort to show the iconographical and cultural continuity between ancient and early medieval representations, the author compares this figure to its ancient prototype. The last part of the article portrays the development of the motif of the Last Judgment by looking at other chosen representations. In conclusion, the author proposes a possible meaning of the presence of Hades in the mosaic of Torcello
MiR-24 induces chemotherapy resistance and hypoxic advantage in breast cancer
No full textBreast cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer mortality among women. It has been proved that the onset of cancer depends on a very small pool of tumor cells with a phenotype similar to that of normal adult stem cells. Cancer stem cells (CSC) possess self-renewal and multilineage differentiation potential as well as a robust ability to sustain tumorigenesis. Evidence suggests that CSCs contribute to chemotherapy resistance and to survival under hypoxic conditions. Interestingly, hypoxia in turn regulates self-renewal in CSCs and these effects may be primarily mediated by hypoxic inducible factors (HIFs). Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical players in the maintenance of pluripotency and self-renewal in normal and cancer stem cells. Here, we demonstrate that miR-24 is upregulated in breast CSCs and that its overexpression increases the number of mammospheres and the expression of stem cell markers. MiR-24 also induces apoptosis resistance through the regulation of BimL expression. Moreover, we identify a new miR-24 target, FIH1, which promotes HIFα degradation: miR-24 increases under hypoxic conditions, causing downregulation of FIH1 and upregulation of HIF1α. In conclusion, miR-24 hampers chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in breast CSCs and increases cell resistance to hypoxic conditions through an FIH1−HIFα pathway
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