20 research outputs found
Sociodemographic factors associated with the healthcare-seeking behavior of heads of households in a rural community in Southern Nigeria
No full textObjective: This study identified the factors associated with the healthcare-seeking behavior of heads of households in a rural community in Southern Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2014 among 410 household heads in Ivhiunone, Fugar in Edo State, Nigeria using two-staged sampling technique. Data collection was by means of a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. IBM SPSS version 20 and PEPI version 4.0 were used for data analysis. Results: Over three-quarters of the respondents, 357 (87.1%) and 346 (84.4%) were males and married. The mean age of respondents was 49.5 ± 15.9 years. The majority of the respondents, 180 (43.9%) and 208 (50.7%) had a secondary level of education and were in the skill level 1 occupational classification. Almost all 406 (98.8%) respondents sought healthcare when ill, and of these, 399 (98.3%) use medications given. The preferred place to seek healthcare when ill by 373 (91.9%) of the respondents was patent medicine stores. Predictors of healthcare-seeking behavior included marital status, level of education and income. Other associated factors were age, sex, and occupational classification. Conclusion: The sociodemographic predictors of healthcare-seeking behavior included marital status, level of education and income. Other associated factors were age, sex, and occupation. Most of the household heads preferred home treatment and sought healthcare in patent medicine stores and hospitals. Improved quality of care provided to clients/patients in healthcare facilities could address the inappropriate healthcare-seeking behavior in the community
The Economic Community of West African States : a study in political and economic integration
No full textThe creation of ECOWAS in May 1975 marked the successful outcome
of protracted negotiations that had begun shortly after independence, and
which reflected the mounting sense of unease in Africa and throughout the
Third World that political independence did not signify effective control
by the new states of their economies. Hence the numerous experiments at
integration within the region, some mainly political and others more economic
in character. All, however, contributed to the movement towards regional
economic integration and ECOWAS.
The Ghana-Guinea Union attempted briefly to bridge the unfortunate
linguistic and cultural divide separating former British and French territories
In West Africa. The Union was restricted, however, to political cooperation
between leaders with more or less compatible and radical ideologies, who
were a small minority within the region as a whole. With independence the
very number and diversity of West African states seemed to dictate a different
and more gradual approach to unity based, initially, on economic cooperation and
functional inter-dependence, and that has been the policy of every Nigerian
government since 1960.
If I have emphasised the role played by Nigeria, particularly after
1970, it is because international agencies and our future partners themselves
recognised that, without Nigeria, there could be no effective West African
community. By reason of its size, population and oil resources, Nigeria
constitutes a core state, with no interest in territorial aggrandisement but
concerned, understandably, with its own security and, therefore, with the
stability of the region. These objectives are best served by policies of
political cooperation, economic integration and adoption of a form of collective
self-reliance. Here Nigeria's perception of its development and security needs
has coincided increasingly with those of the other states within the region.
Particular attention has been given to the Francophone states, who
are the majority within West African and whose changing relationship with
the metropole on the one hand, and with Nigeria on the other, is central to
our analysis. The promise of the Ghana-Guinea Union was finally realised
thanks to the growing cooperation after 1970 between Nigeria and Togo who,
together, formed the nucleus of the West African community in 1972. Economic
Integration in the 'seventies was also facilitated by (a) the reduced importance
of ideological differences within the region; (b) the mounting economic
difficulties confronting states as a result of the global economic crisis and
increased oil prices after 1973, but alleviated by timely Nigerian assistance;
(c) the example of regional integration within the EEC, soon to be expanded
to include Britain; and (d) the successful outcome in 1975 of the Lome
negotiations between the EEC and the African-Pacific-Caribbean states.
The greater part of the thesis is concerned with the formation of
ECOWAS and the negotiations, between July 1966 and May 1975, in which I was
privileged to participate. While my own association with ECOWAS ended
shortly afterwards, in July 1975, there was, fortunately, no such interruption
in the development of the community. It seemed appropriate, therefore, to
extend the scope of the thesis to encompass the first formative years of the
community, 1975-1979, which saw the establishment of the principal ECOWAS
institutions, the adoption of the more important protocols, and the first
difficult steps towards their implementation
Socio-demographic and Driving Characteristics Associated with Visual Standards for Driving among Mass Transit Drivers in Abuja, Nigeria.
No full textPurpose: This study was conducted to ascertain the sociodemographic and driving characteristics associated with visual standards for driving among mass transit drivers in Abuja, Nigeria.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 415 mass transit drivers in Abuja who were selected by multistage sampling method. Consent was obtained from the respondents and a pretested, structured-questionnaire was administered including conducting clinical eye examinations on the study participants. Data analysis was done using IBM SPSS version 20.Results: All the participants were males with a mean age of 41.2 ±6.9 years and most of them 392 (94.5%) possessed drivers’ license. Only 36.9% of the drivers had an eye examination done before issuance of a driver’s license. Data analysis using the binary logistic regression model revealed that the statistically significant predictors of visual standards among mass transit drivers were duration as a mass transit driver (coefficient β = -1.608, p = 0.042, Adjusted odds ratio [AOR] =0.200 (95% Confidence interval [CI]: 0.035, 0.807), and previous eye examination before driver’s license renewal (β = 0.606, p = 0.021, AOR =1.834 (95% CI: 1.096, 3.067).Conclusion: Higher driving duration and eye examination before issuance/renewal of driver’s licence were associated with meeting visual standards for driving. Federal Road Safety Commission in conjunction with eye care sector should ensure routine visual assessment for driving among drivers. Also, routine eye health education should be carried out at road transport parks and via mass media on the importance of regular eye examination before issuance/renewal of driver’s licence
Knowledge, Prevalence and Factors Associated with Sexually Transmitted Diseases among Female Students of a Federal University in Southern Nigeria
No full textBackground: Globally, over 40 million people are estimated to be living with sexually transmitted infection/diseases (STI/Ds), including HIV/AIDS. It is said that sub-Saharan Africa accounts for over a half of that figure, making it the continent most affected with HIV/AIDS and other STI/Ds. This study was designed and conducted to assess the knowledge and prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases, and factors that are associated with it, among female students of a university in southern Nigeria. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among female students in five faculties in the University of Benin, Benin City. The instrument used for the collection of data was a self-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed with the aid of SPSS, version 22.0. A level of significance was set at p < 0.05 and descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data. An odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval for prevalence and factors associated with STI/Ds was computed using binary and multinomial logistic regression models. Results: A total of 423 female students participated in the study. Over half (224, 53.0%) of the participants have had sexual intercourse. The results show that majority of the respondents (95.3%) were aware of STIs and 83.1% had good knowledge of STIs. The prevalence of STI/Ds among the participants was 27.7%, with gonorrhea being the most frequent STI/D that the respondents reported testing positive for. Conclusion: The present study was able to ascertain a higher prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases among female students. To this end, it is imperative that families and agencies (both government and private agencies) should synergize to remove the embargo seemingly placed on women by our cultures and faith-based institutions regarding sexuality. This may help to improve access to sexual and reproductive health education and commodities for women, thereby play a vital role in reducing the transmission of STI/Ds
Prácticas y resultados sexuales de los jóvenes en un asentamiento urbano de la ciudad de Benin, Nigeria
No full textBackground: Young people constitute one of the most dynamic human resource bases. Youths explore their sexuality and have sexual relationships with outcomes like unintended pregnancies, abortions, STIs and HIV/AIDS.
Objective: This study ascertained the sexual practices and factors associated with the sexual outcomes of young people in an urban settlement in Benin City, Nigeria.
Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 young people in Oluku, Benin City, Nigeria, using two-staged sampling method. An interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used for data collection.
Results: The respondents comprised of 211(52.8%) females and 189(47.3%) males. Their mean age was 17.8±3.9 years. Almost half, 194 (48.5%) of the respondents had experienced sexual intercourse, of which 154(79.4%) were unplanned. The mean age at sexual debut was 17.2±3.4 years. Most sexual encounters were with older partners. Unintended pregnancy and STIs were outcome of sexual encounters in 54(27.8%) and 40(20.6%) of the respondents respectively. Factors associated with the outcome of sexual encounter were age, gender, age at sexual debut and family structure.
Conclusion: The respondents had early sexual debuts. Sexual encounter was mainly with older neighbours and schoolmates. Sexual outcome reported by respondents include unintended pregnancy and STIs. Age, gender, age at sexual debut and family type were associated with outcome of sexual practice. Key stakeholders should establish youth friendly centres in the community which will help educate and train youths on life building skills and also provide sexual and reproductive health services to young people in the community.Antecedentes: Los jóvenes constituyen una de las bases de recursos humanos más dinámicas. Los jóvenes exploran su sexualidad y tienen relaciones sexuales con resultados como embarazos no deseados, abortos, ITS y VIH/SIDA. Objetivo: En este estudio se determinaron las prácticas sexuales y los factores asociados con los resultados sexuales de los jóvenes en un asentamiento urbano de Benin City (Nigeria). Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo y transversal entre 400 jóvenes de Oluku, Ciudad de Benin (Nigeria), utilizando un método de muestreo en dos etapas. Para la recopilación de datos se utilizó un cuestionario estructurado administrado por el entrevistador. Los resultados: La muestra consistió de 211 (52,8%) mujeres y 189 (47,3%) hombres. Su edad media fue de 17,8±3,9 años. Casi la mitad - 194 (48,5%) - de los encuestados habían tenido relaciones sexuales, de las cuales 154 (79,4%) no fueron planificadas. La edad media de inicio de las relaciones sexuales fue de 17,2±3,4 años. La mayoría de los encuentros sexuales fueron con parejas mayores. Los embarazos no deseados y las infecciones de transmisión sexual fueron el resultado de los encuentros sexuales en 54 (27,8%) y 40 (20,6%) de los encuestados, respectivamente. Los factores asociados con el resultado del encuentro sexual fueron la edad, el sexo, la edad de inicio de la actividad sexual y la estructura familiar. Conclusión: Los encuestados tuvieron un debut sexual temprano. El encuentro sexual fue principalmente con vecinos mayores y compañeros de escuela. Los resultados sexuales reportados por los encuestados incluyen embarazos no deseados e infecciones de transmisión sexual. La edad, el género, la edad de inicio de la actividad sexual y el tipo de familia se asociaron con el resultado de la práctica sexual. Los principales interesados deben establecer en la comunidad centros de apoyo para jóvenes que ayuden a educar y capacitar a los jóvenes en la adquisición de aptitudes para la vida y que también presten servicios de salud sexual y reproductiva a los jóvenes de la comunidad
Knowledge, attitude towards and practice of oral hygiene among antenatal clinic attendees in public secondary health facilities in Benin City, Nigeria
No full textIntroduction: Oral hygiene involves the prevention of oral diseases which have been found to be common in pregnancy. Dental care in pregnancy aims at achieving healthy oral environment. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude towards and practice of oral hygiene among antenatal clinic attendees in public secondary health facilities in Benin City, Nigeria.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among antenatal clinic clients in the two state-owned secondary health facilities in Benin City. Respondents were selected using a two-staged sampling technique. A structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was utilized for data collection. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Scientific Solutions. Test statistics was done using chi-square test.Results: The mean age of respondents was 29.3± 4.7 years, with 39.1% in the age group of 25-29 years. Majority of respondents, 228 (83.2%) were aware of oral hygiene. Also, 272 (99.3%) practiced tooth brushing while 43 (15.7%) used dental floss. Halitosis was identified as a form of poor oral hygiene by 177 (77.6%) of the respondents. More than half 54.4% of the women had poor knowledge of oral hygiene. The associations between their knowledge and attitude towards oral hygiene and the practice of oral hygiene were statistically significant (p < 0.001).Conclusion: Though the respondents had poor knowledge of oral hygiene, there was a positive attitude and good practice of oral hygiene. There is a need for education on oral hygiene to antenal clinic attendees as a means of improving knowledge and preventing oral pathologies in pregnancy.Keywords: Oral hygiene, pregnant women, antenatal clinic, secondary health facilitie
Respiratory symptoms and ventilatory functions among quarry workers in Edo state, Nigeria
No full textIntroduction: Workers in the quarry industries are exposed to hazards resulting from the inhalation of air borne particulates. The study determined the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and assessed ventilatory functions among quarry workers in Edo state, Nigeria Methods: Quarry workers (site workers and office workers) were interviewed using structured questionnaire. FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC and PEFR were measured using a KoKo Legend spirometer. Results: A total of 113 quarry workers (76 exposure and 37 controls) were studied. The exposure group had significantly higher occurrence of chest tightness (35.5%) compared with 16.2% of the controls (p < 0.05). The occurrence of cough (23.7% versus 13.5%), sputum (21.1% versus 16.2%), and dyspnoea (7.9% versus 5.4%), were higher in exposure groups while wheeze (10.8% versus 10.5%) and nasal congestion (27.0% and 25.0%) were higher in the control groups. The mean (SD) FEV1, and FVC were significantly lower among the exposure compared with the control group; 2.77L (0.73) versus 3.14L (0.78), p < 0.05, and 3.48L (0.84) versus 3.89L (0.92), p < 0.05. In both groups, smokers had significantly lower mean (SD) FEV1, FVC and PEFR compared with non-smokers; 2.91L (0.77) versus 3.39L (0.69), p = 0.01, 3.61L (0.91) versus 4.26L (0.74), p < 0.05 and 6.56L (2.43) versus 7.98L (1.67), p < 0.05. Conclusion: Chronic exposure to quarry dust is associated with respiratory symptoms and reduced lung function indices among quarry workers. The enforcement of the use of PPEs and periodic evaluation the lung function status of quarry workers is advocated.Pan African Medical Journal 2016; 2
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)
No full text2929siIn 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field.reservedmixedKlionsky, Daniel J; Abdel-Aziz, Amal Kamal; Abdelfatah, Sara; Abdellatif, Mahmoud; Abdoli, Asghar; Abel, Steffen; Abeliovich, Hagai; Abildgaard, Marie H; Abudu, Yakubu Princely; Acevedo-Arozena, Abraham; Adamopoulos, Iannis E; Adeli, Khosrow; Adolph, Timon E; Adornetto, Annagrazia; Aflaki, Elma; Agam, Galila; Agarwal, Anupam; Aggarwal, Bharat B; Agnello, Maria; Agostinis, Patrizia; Agrewala, Javed N; Agrotis, Alexander; Aguilar, Patricia V; Ahmad, S Tariq; Ahmed, Zubair M; Ahumada-Castro, Ulises; Aits, Sonja; Aizawa, Shu; Akkoc, Yunus; Akoumianaki, Tonia; Akpinar, Hafize Aysin; Al-Abd, Ahmed M; Al-Akra, Lina; Al-Gharaibeh, Abeer; Alaoui-Jamali, Moulay A; Alberti, Simon; Alcocer-Gómez, Elísabet; Alessandri, Cristiano; Ali, Muhammad; Alim Al-Bari, M Abdul; Aliwaini, Saeb; Alizadeh, Javad; Almacellas, Eugènia; Almasan, Alexandru; Alonso, Alicia; Alonso, Guillermo D; Altan-Bonnet, Nihal; Altieri, Dario C; Álvarez, Élida M C; Alves, Sara; Alves da Costa, Cristine; Alzaharna, Mazen M; Amadio, Marialaura; Amantini, Consuelo; Amaral, Cristina; Ambrosio, Susanna; Amer, Amal O; Ammanathan, Veena; An, Zhenyi; Andersen, Stig U; Andrabi, Shaida A; Andrade-Silva, Magaiver; Andres, Allen M; Angelini, Sabrina; Ann, David; Anozie, Uche C; Ansari, Mohammad Y; Antas, Pedro; Antebi, Adam; Antón, Zuriñe; Anwar, Tahira; Apetoh, Lionel; Apostolova, Nadezda; Araki, Toshiyuki; Araki, Yasuhiro; Arasaki, Kohei; Araújo, Wagner L; Araya, Jun; Arden, Catherine; Arévalo, Maria-Angeles; Arguelles, Sandro; Arias, Esperanza; Arikkath, Jyothi; Arimoto, Hirokazu; Ariosa, Aileen R; Armstrong-James, Darius; Arnauné-Pelloquin, Laetitia; Aroca, Angeles; Arroyo, Daniela S; Arsov, Ivica; Artero, Rubén; Asaro, Dalia Maria Lucia; Aschner, Michael; Ashrafizadeh, Milad; Ashur-Fabian, Osnat; Atanasov, Atanas G; Au, Alicia K; Auberger, Patrick; Auner, Holger W; Aurelian, Laure; Autelli, Riccardo; Avagliano, Laura; Ávalos, Yenniffer; Aveic, Sanja; Aveleira, Célia Alexandra; Avin-Wittenberg, Tamar; Aydin, Yucel; Ayton, Scott; Ayyadevara, Srinivas; Azzopardi, Maria; Baba, Misuzu; Backer, Jonathan M; Backues, Steven K; Bae, Dong-Hun; Bae, Ok-Nam; Bae, Soo Han; Baehrecke, Eric H; Baek, Ahruem; Baek, Seung-Hoon; Baek, Sung Hee; Bagetta, Giacinto; Bagniewska-Zadworna, Agnieszka; Bai, Hua; Bai, Jie; Bai, Xiyuan; Bai, Yidong; Bairagi, Nandadulal; Baksi, Shounak; Balbi, Teresa; Baldari, Cosima T; Balduini, Walter; Ballabio, Andrea; Ballester, Maria; Balazadeh, Salma; Balzan, Rena; Bandopadhyay, Rina; Banerjee, Sreeparna; Banerjee, Sulagna; Bánréti, Ágnes; Bao, Yan; Baptista, Mauricio S; Baracca, Alessandra; Barbati, Cristiana; Bargiela, Ariadna; Barilà, Daniela; Barlow, Peter G; Barmada, Sami J; Barreiro, Esther; Barreto, George E; Bartek, Jiri; Bartel, Bonnie; Bartolome, Alberto; Barve, Gaurav R; Basagoudanavar, Suresh H; Bassham, Diane C; Bast, Robert C; Basu, Alakananda; Batoko, Henri; Batten, Isabella; Baulieu, Etienne E; Baumgarner, Bradley L; Bayry, Jagadeesh; Beale, Rupert; Beau, Isabelle; Beaumatin, Florian; Bechara, Luiz R G; Beck, George R; Beers, Michael F; Begun, Jakob; Behrends, Christian; Behrens, Georg M N; Bei, Roberto; Bejarano, Eloy; Bel, Shai; Behl, Christian; Belaid, Amine; Belgareh-Touzé, Naïma; Bellarosa, Cristina; Belleudi, Francesca; Belló Pérez, Melissa; Bello-Morales, Raquel; Beltran, Jackeline Soares de Oliveira; Beltran, Sebastián; Benbrook, Doris Mangiaracina; Bendorius, Mykolas; Benitez, Bruno A; Benito-Cuesta, Irene; Bensalem, Julien; Berchtold, Martin W; Berezowska, Sabina; Bergamaschi, Daniele; Bergami, Matteo; Bergmann, Andreas; Berliocchi, Laura; Berlioz-Torrent, Clarisse; Bernard, Amélie; Berthoux, Lionel; Besirli, Cagri G; Besteiro, Sebastien; Betin, Virginie M; Beyaert, Rudi; Bezbradica, Jelena S; Bhaskar, Kiran; Bhatia-Kissova, Ingrid; Bhattacharya, Resham; Bhattacharya, Sujoy; Bhattacharyya, Shalmoli; Bhuiyan, Md Shenuarin; Bhutia, Sujit Kumar; Bi, Lanrong; Bi, Xiaolin; Biden, Trevor J; Bijian, Krikor; Billes, Viktor A; Binart, Nadine; Bincoletto, Claudia; Birgisdottir, Asa B; Bjorkoy, Geir; Blanco, Gonzalo; Blas-Garcia, Ana; Blasiak, Janusz; Blomgran, Robert; Blomgren, Klas; Blum, Janice S; Boada-Romero, Emilio; Boban, Mirta; Boesze-Battaglia, Kathleen; Boeuf, Philippe; Boland, Barry; Bomont, Pascale; Bonaldo, Paolo; Bonam, Srinivasa Reddy; Bonfili, Laura; Bonifacino, Juan S; Boone, Brian A; Bootman, Martin D; Bordi, Matteo; Borner, Christoph; Bornhauser, Beat C; Borthakur, Gautam; Bosch, Jürgen; Bose, Santanu; Botana, Luis M; Botas, Juan; Boulanger, Chantal M; Boulton, Michael E; Bourdenx, Mathieu; Bourgeois, Benjamin; Bourke, Nollaig M; Bousquet, Guilhem; Boya, Patricia; Bozhkov, Peter V; Bozi, Luiz H M; Bozkurt, Tolga O; Brackney, Doug E; Brandts, Christian H; Braun, Ralf J; Braus, Gerhard H; Bravo-Sagua, Roberto; Bravo-San Pedro, José M; Brest, Patrick; Bringer, Marie-Agnès; Briones-Herrera, Alfredo; Broaddus, V Courtney; Brodersen, Peter; Brodsky, Jeffrey L; Brody, Steven L; Bronson, Paola G; Bronstein, Jeff M; Brown, Carolyn N; Brown, Rhoderick E; Brum, Patricia C; Brumell, John H; Brunetti-Pierri, Nicola; Bruno, Daniele; Bryson-Richardson, Robert J; Bucci, Cecilia; Buchrieser, Carmen; Bueno, Marta; Buitrago-Molina, Laura Elisa; Buraschi, Simone; Buch, Shilpa; Buchan, J Ross; Buckingham, Erin M; Budak, Hikmet; Budini, Mauricio; Bultynck, Geert; Burada, Florin; Burgoyne, Joseph R; Burón, M Isabel; Bustos, Victor; Büttner, Sabrina; Butturini, Elena; Byrd, Aaron; Cabas, Isabel; Cabrera-Benitez, Sandra; Cadwell, Ken; Cai, Jingjing; Cai, Lu; Cai, Qian; Cairó, Montserrat; Calbet, Jose A; Caldwell, Guy A; Caldwell, Kim A; Call, Jarrod A; Calvani, Riccardo; Calvo, Ana C; Calvo-Rubio Barrera, Miguel; Camara, Niels Os; Camonis, Jacques H; Camougrand, Nadine; Campanella, Michelangelo; Campbell, Edward M; Campbell-Valois, François-Xavier; Campello, Silvia; Campesi, Ilaria; Campos, Juliane C; Camuzard, Olivier; Cancino, Jorge; Candido de Almeida, Danilo; Canesi, Laura; Caniggia, Isabella; Canonico, Barbara; Cantí, Carles; Cao, Bin; Caraglia, Michele; Caramés, Beatriz; Carchman, Evie H; Cardenal-Muñoz, Elena; Cardenas, Cesar; Cardenas, Luis; Cardoso, Sandra M; Carew, Jennifer S; Carle, Georges F; Carleton, Gillian; Carloni, Silvia; Carmona-Gutierrez, Didac; Carneiro, Leticia A; Carnevali, Oliana; Carosi, Julian M; Carra, Serena; Carrier, Alice; Carrier, Lucie; Carroll, Bernadette; Carter, A Brent; Carvalho, Andreia Neves; Casanova, Magali; Casas, Caty; Casas, Josefina; Cassioli, Chiara; Castillo, Eliseo F; Castillo, Karen; Castillo-Lluva, Sonia; Castoldi, Francesca; Castori, Marco; Castro, Ariel F; Castro-Caldas, Margarida; Castro-Hernandez, Javier; Castro-Obregon, Susana; Catz, Sergio D; Cavadas, Claudia; Cavaliere, Federica; Cavallini, Gabriella; Cavinato, Maria; Cayuela, Maria L; Cebollada Rica, Paula; Cecarini, Valentina; Cecconi, Francesco; Cechowska-Pasko, Marzanna; Cenci, Simone; Ceperuelo-Mallafré, Victòria; Cerqueira, João J; Cerutti, Janete M; Cervia, Davide; Cetintas, Vildan Bozok; Cetrullo, Silvia; Chae, Han-Jung; Chagin, Andrei S; Chai, Chee-Yin; Chakrabarti, Gopal; Chakrabarti, Oishee; Chakraborty, Tapas; Chakraborty, Trinad; Chami, Mounia; Chamilos, Georgios; Chan, David W; Chan, Edmond Y W; Chan, Edward D; Chan, H Y Edwin; Chan, Helen H; Chan, Hung; Chan, Matthew T V; Chan, Yau Sang; Chandra, Partha K; Chang, Chih-Peng; Chang, Chunmei; Chang, Hao-Chun; Chang, Kai; Chao, Jie; Chapman, Tracey; Charlet-Berguerand, Nicolas; Chatterjee, Samrat; Chaube, Shail K; Chaudhary, Anu; Chauhan, Santosh; Chaum, Edward; Checler, Frédéric; Cheetham, Michael E; Chen, Chang-Shi; Chen, Guang-Chao; Chen, Jian-Fu; Chen, Liam L; Chen, Leilei; Chen, Lin; Chen, Mingliang; Chen, Mu-Kuan; Chen, Ning; Chen, Quan; Chen, Ruey-Hwa; Chen, Shi; Chen, Wei; Chen, Weiqiang; Chen, Xin-Ming; Chen, Xiong-Wen; Chen, Xu; Chen, Yan; Chen, Ye-Guang; Chen, Yingyu; Chen, Yongqiang; Chen, Yu-Jen; Chen, Yue-Qin; Chen, Zhefan Stephen; Chen, Zhi; Chen, Zhi-Hua; Chen, Zhijian J; Chen, Zhixiang; Cheng, Hanhua; Cheng, Jun; Cheng, Shi-Yuan; Cheng, Wei; Cheng, Xiaodong; Cheng, Xiu-Tang; Cheng, Yiyun; Cheng, Zhiyong; Chen, Zhong; Cheong, Heesun; Cheong, Jit Kong; Chernyak, Boris V; Cherry, Sara; Cheung, Chi Fai Randy; Cheung, Chun Hei Antonio; Cheung, King-Ho; Chevet, Eric; Chi, Richard J; Chiang, Alan Kwok Shing; Chiaradonna, Ferdinando; Chiarelli, Roberto; Chiariello, Mario; Chica, Nathalia; Chiocca, Susanna; Chiong, Mario; Chiou, Shih-Hwa; Chiramel, Abhilash I; Chiurchiù, Valerio; Cho, Dong-Hyung; Choe, Seong-Kyu; Choi, Augustine M K; Choi, Mary E; Choudhury, Kamalika Roy; Chow, Norman S; Chu, Charleen T; Chua, Jason P; Chua, John Jia En; Chung, Hyewon; Chung, Kin Pan; Chung, Seockhoon; Chung, So-Hyang; Chung, Yuen-Li; Cianfanelli, Valentina; Ciechomska, Iwona A; Cifuentes, Mariana; Cinque, Laura; Cirak, Sebahattin; Cirone, Mara; Clague, Michael J; Clarke, Robert; Clementi, Emilio; Coccia, Eliana M; Codogno, Patrice; Cohen, Ehud; Cohen, Mickael M; Colasanti, Tania; Colasuonno, Fiorella; Colbert, Robert A; Colell, Anna; Čolić, Miodrag; Coll, Nuria S; Collins, Mark O; Colombo, María I; Colón-Ramos, Daniel A; Combaret, Lydie; Comincini, Sergio; Cominetti, Márcia R; Consiglio, Antonella; Conte, Andrea; Conti, Fabrizio; Contu, Viorica Raluca; Cookson, Mark R; Coombs, Kevin M; Coppens, Isabelle; Corasaniti, Maria Tiziana; Corkery, Dale P; Cordes, Nils; Cortese, Katia; Costa, Maria do Carmo; Costantino, Sarah; Costelli, Paola; Coto-Montes, Ana; Crack, Peter J; Crespo, Jose L; Criollo, Alfredo; Crippa, Valeria; Cristofani, Riccardo; Csizmadia, Tamas; Cuadrado, Antonio; Cui, Bing; Cui, Jun; Cui, Yixian; Cui, Yong; Culetto, Emmanuel; Cumino, Andrea C; Cybulsky, Andrey V; Czaja, Mark J; Czuczwar, Stanislaw J; D'Adamo, Stefania; D'Amelio, Marcello; D'Arcangelo, Daniela; D'Lugos, Andrew C; D'Orazi, Gabriella; da Silva, James A; Dafsari, Hormos Salimi; Dagda, Ruben K; Dagdas, Yasin; Daglia, Maria; Dai, Xiaoxia; Dai, Yun; Dai, Yuyuan; Dal Col, Jessica; Dalhaimer, Paul; 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Fadeel, Bengt; Fader, Claudio; Faesen, Alex C; Fairlie, W Douglas; Falcó, Alberto; Falkenburger, Bjorn H; Fan, Daping; Fan, Jie; Fan, Yanbo; Fang, Evandro F; Fang, Yanshan; Fang, Yognqi; Fanto, Manolis; Farfel-Becker, Tamar; Faure, Mathias; Fazeli, Gholamreza; Fedele, Anthony O; Feldman, Arthur M; Feng, Du; Feng, Jiachun; Feng, Lifeng; Feng, Yibin; Feng, Yuchen; Feng, Wei; Fenz Araujo, Thais; Ferguson, Thomas A; Fernández, Álvaro F; Fernandez-Checa, Jose C; Fernández-Veledo, Sonia; Fernie, Alisdair R; Ferrante, Anthony W; Ferraresi, Alessandra; Ferrari, Merari F; Ferreira, Julio C B; Ferro-Novick, Susan; Figueras, Antonio; Filadi, Riccardo; Filigheddu, Nicoletta; Filippi-Chiela, Eduardo; Filomeni, Giuseppe; Fimia, Gian Maria; Fineschi, Vittorio; Finetti, Francesca; Finkbeiner, Steven; Fisher, Edward A; Fisher, Paul B; Flamigni, Flavio; Fliesler, Steven J; Flo, Trude H; Florance, Ida; Florey, Oliver; Florio, Tullio; Fodor, Erika; Follo, Carlo; Fon, Edward A; Forlino, Antonella; Fornai, Francesco; 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Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)
No full textnone2929siIn 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field.openKlionsky, Daniel J; Abdel-Aziz, Amal Kamal; Abdelfatah, Sara; Abdellatif, Mahmoud; Abdoli, Asghar; Abel, Steffen; Abeliovich, Hagai; Abildgaard, Marie H; Abudu, Yakubu Princely; Acevedo-Arozena, Abraham; Adamopoulos, Iannis E; Adeli, Khosrow; Adolph, Timon E; Adornetto, Annagrazia; Aflaki, Elma; Agam, Galila; Agarwal, Anupam; Aggarwal, Bharat B; Agnello, Maria; Agostinis, Patrizia; Agrewala, Javed N; Agrotis, Alexander; Aguilar, Patricia V; Ahmad, S Tariq; Ahmed, Zubair M; Ahumada-Castro, Ulises; Aits, Sonja; Aizawa, Shu; Akkoc, Yunus; Akoumianaki, Tonia; Akpinar, Hafize Aysin; Al-Abd, Ahmed M; Al-Akra, Lina; Al-Gharaibeh, Abeer; Alaoui-Jamali, Moulay A; Alberti, Simon; Alcocer-Gómez, Elísabet; Alessandri, Cristiano; Ali, Muhammad; Alim Al-Bari, M Abdul; Aliwaini, Saeb; Alizadeh, Javad; Almacellas, Eugènia; Almasan, Alexandru; Alonso, Alicia; Alonso, Guillermo D; Altan-Bonnet, Nihal; Altieri, Dario C; Álvarez, Élida M C; Alves, Sara; Alves da Costa, Cristine; Alzaharna, Mazen M; Amadio, Marialaura; Amantini, Consuelo; Amaral, Cristina; Ambrosio, Susanna; Amer, Amal O; Ammanathan, Veena; An, Zhenyi; Andersen, Stig U; Andrabi, Shaida A; Andrade-Silva, Magaiver; Andres, Allen M; Angelini, Sabrina; Ann, David; Anozie, Uche C; Ansari, Mohammad Y; Antas, Pedro; Antebi, Adam; Antón, Zuriñe; Anwar, Tahira; Apetoh, Lionel; Apostolova, Nadezda; Araki, Toshiyuki; Araki, Yasuhiro; Arasaki, Kohei; Araújo, Wagner L; Araya, Jun; Arden, Catherine; Arévalo, Maria-Angeles; Arguelles, Sandro; Arias, Esperanza; Arikkath, Jyothi; Arimoto, Hirokazu; Ariosa, Aileen R; Armstrong-James, Darius; Arnauné-Pelloquin, Laetitia; Aroca, Angeles; Arroyo, Daniela S; Arsov, Ivica; Artero, Rubén; Asaro, Dalia Maria Lucia; Aschner, Michael; Ashrafizadeh, Milad; Ashur-Fabian, Osnat; Atanasov, Atanas G; Au, Alicia K; Auberger, Patrick; Auner, Holger W; Aurelian, Laure; Autelli, Riccardo; Avagliano, Laura; Ávalos, Yenniffer; Aveic, Sanja; Aveleira, Célia Alexandra; Avin-Wittenberg, Tamar; Aydin, Yucel; Ayton, Scott; Ayyadevara, Srinivas; Azzopardi, Maria; Baba, Misuzu; Backer, Jonathan M; Backues, Steven K; Bae, Dong-Hun; Bae, Ok-Nam; Bae, Soo Han; Baehrecke, Eric H; Baek, Ahruem; Baek, Seung-Hoon; Baek, Sung Hee; Bagetta, Giacinto; Bagniewska-Zadworna, Agnieszka; Bai, Hua; Bai, Jie; Bai, Xiyuan; Bai, Yidong; Bairagi, Nandadulal; Baksi, Shounak; Balbi, Teresa; Baldari, Cosima T; Balduini, Walter; Ballabio, Andrea; Ballester, Maria; Balazadeh, Salma; Balzan, Rena; Bandopadhyay, Rina; Banerjee, Sreeparna; Banerjee, Sulagna; Bánréti, Ágnes; Bao, Yan; Baptista, Mauricio S; Baracca, Alessandra; Barbati, Cristiana; Bargiela, Ariadna; Barilà, Daniela; Barlow, Peter G; Barmada, Sami J; Barreiro, Esther; Barreto, George E; Bartek, Jiri; Bartel, Bonnie; Bartolome, Alberto; Barve, Gaurav R; Basagoudanavar, Suresh H; Bassham, Diane C; Bast, Robert C; Basu, Alakananda; Batoko, Henri; Batten, Isabella; Baulieu, Etienne E; Baumgarner, Bradley L; Bayry, Jagadeesh; Beale, Rupert; Beau, Isabelle; Beaumatin, Florian; Bechara, Luiz R G; Beck, George R; Beers, Michael F; Begun, Jakob; Behrends, Christian; Behrens, Georg M N; Bei, Roberto; Bejarano, Eloy; Bel, Shai; Behl, Christian; Belaid, Amine; Belgareh-Touzé, Naïma; Bellarosa, Cristina; Belleudi, Francesca; Belló Pérez, Melissa; Bello-Morales, Raquel; Beltran, Jackeline Soares de Oliveira; Beltran, Sebastián; Benbrook, Doris Mangiaracina; Bendorius, Mykolas; Benitez, Bruno A; Benito-Cuesta, Irene; Bensalem, Julien; Berchtold, Martin W; Berezowska, Sabina; Bergamaschi, Daniele; Bergami, Matteo; Bergmann, Andreas; Berliocchi, Laura; Berlioz-Torrent, Clarisse; Bernard, Amélie; Berthoux, Lionel; Besirli, Cagri G; Besteiro, Sebastien; Betin, Virginie M; Beyaert, Rudi; Bezbradica, Jelena S; Bhaskar, Kiran; Bhatia-Kissova, Ingrid; Bhattacharya, Resham; Bhattacharya, Sujoy; Bhattacharyya, Shalmoli; Bhuiyan, Md Shenuarin; Bhutia, Sujit Kumar; Bi, Lanrong; Bi, Xiaolin; 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Brody, Steven L; Bronson, Paola G; Bronstein, Jeff M; Brown, Carolyn N; Brown, Rhoderick E; Brum, Patricia C; Brumell, John H; Brunetti-Pierri, Nicola; Bruno, Daniele; Bryson-Richardson, Robert J; Bucci, Cecilia; Buchrieser, Carmen; Bueno, Marta; Buitrago-Molina, Laura Elisa; Buraschi, Simone; Buch, Shilpa; Buchan, J Ross; Buckingham, Erin M; Budak, Hikmet; Budini, Mauricio; Bultynck, Geert; Burada, Florin; Burgoyne, Joseph R; Burón, M Isabel; Bustos, Victor; Büttner, Sabrina; Butturini, Elena; Byrd, Aaron; Cabas, Isabel; Cabrera-Benitez, Sandra; Cadwell, Ken; Cai, Jingjing; Cai, Lu; Cai, Qian; Cairó, Montserrat; Calbet, Jose A; Caldwell, Guy A; Caldwell, Kim A; Call, Jarrod A; Calvani, Riccardo; Calvo, Ana C; Calvo-Rubio Barrera, Miguel; Camara, Niels Os; Camonis, Jacques H; Camougrand, Nadine; Campanella, Michelangelo; Campbell, Edward M; Campbell-Valois, François-Xavier; Campello, Silvia; Campesi, Ilaria; Campos, Juliane C; Camuzard, Olivier; Cancino, Jorge; Candido de Almeida, Danilo; Canesi, Laura; Caniggia, Isabella; Canonico, Barbara; Cantí, Carles; Cao, Bin; Caraglia, Michele; Caramés, Beatriz; Carchman, Evie H; Cardenal-Muñoz, Elena; Cardenas, Cesar; Cardenas, Luis; Cardoso, Sandra M; Carew, Jennifer S; Carle, Georges F; Carleton, Gillian; Carloni, Silvia; Carmona-Gutierrez, Didac; Carneiro, Leticia A; Carnevali, Oliana; Carosi, Julian M; Carra, Serena; Carrier, Alice; Carrier, Lucie; Carroll, Bernadette; Carter, A Brent; Carvalho, Andreia Neves; Casanova, Magali; Casas, Caty; Casas, Josefina; Cassioli, Chiara; Castillo, Eliseo F; Castillo, Karen; Castillo-Lluva, Sonia; Castoldi, Francesca; Castori, Marco; Castro, Ariel F; Castro-Caldas, Margarida; Castro-Hernandez, Javier; Castro-Obregon, Susana; Catz, Sergio D; Cavadas, Claudia; Cavaliere, Federica; Cavallini, Gabriella; Cavinato, Maria; Cayuela, Maria L; Cebollada Rica, Paula; Cecarini, Valentina; Cecconi, Francesco; Cechowska-Pasko, Marzanna; Cenci, Simone; Ceperuelo-Mallafré, Victòria; Cerqueira, João J; Cerutti, Janete M; 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Dalla Valle, Luisa; Dallenga, Tobias; Dalmasso, Guillaume; Damme, Markus; Dando, Ilaria; Dantuma, Nico P; Darling, April L; Das, Hiranmoy; Dasarathy, Srinivasan; Dasari, Santosh K; Dash, Srikanta; Daumke, Oliver; Dauphinee, Adrian N; Davies, Jeffrey S; Dávila, Valeria A; Davis, Roger J; Davis, Tanja; Dayalan Naidu, Sharadha; De Amicis, Francesca; De Bosscher, Karolien; De Felice, Francesca; De Franceschi, Lucia; De Leonibus, Chiara; de Mattos Barbosa, Mayara G; De Meyer, Guido R Y; De Milito, Angelo; De Nunzio, Cosimo; De Palma, Clara; De Santi, Mauro; De Virgilio, Claudio; De Zio, Daniela; Debnath, Jayanta; DeBosch, Brian J; Decuypere, Jean-Paul; Deehan, Mark A; Deflorian, Gianluca; DeGregori, James; Dehay, Benjamin; Del Rio, Gabriel; Delaney, Joe R; Delbridge, Lea M D; Delorme-Axford, Elizabeth; Delpino, M Victoria; Demarchi, Francesca; Dembitz, Vilma; Demers, Nicholas D; Deng, Hongbin; Deng, Zhiqiang; Dengjel, Joern; Dent, Paul; Denton, Donna; DePamphilis, Melvin L; Der, Channing J; 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Fadeel, Bengt; Fader, Claudio; Faesen, Alex C; Fairlie, W Douglas; Falcó, Alberto; Falkenburger, Bjorn H; Fan, Daping; Fan, Jie; Fan, Yanbo; Fang, Evandro F; Fang, Yanshan; Fang, Yognqi; Fanto, Manolis; Farfel-Becker, Tamar; Faure, Mathias; Fazeli, Gholamreza; Fedele, Anthony O; Feldman, Arthur M; Feng, Du; Feng, Jiachun; Feng, Lifeng; Feng, Yibin; Feng, Yuchen; Feng, Wei; Fenz Araujo, Thais; Ferguson, Thomas A; Fernández, Álvaro F; Fernandez-Checa, Jose C; Fernández-Veledo, Sonia; Fernie, Alisdair R; Ferrante, Anthony W; Ferraresi, Alessandra; Ferrari, Merari F; Ferreira, Julio C B; Ferro-Novick, Susan; Figueras, Antonio; Filadi, Riccardo; Filigheddu, Nicoletta; Filippi-Chiela, Eduardo; Filomeni, Giuseppe; Fimia, Gian Maria; Fineschi, Vittorio; Finetti, Francesca; Finkbeiner, Steven; Fisher, Edward A; Fisher, Paul B; Flamigni, Flavio; Fliesler, Steven J; Flo, Trude H; Florance, Ida; Florey, Oliver; Florio, Tullio; Fodor, Erika; Follo, Carlo; Fon, Edward A; Forlino, Antonella; Fornai, Francesco; 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Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)
No full textIn 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this
topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base
and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular
basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews,
there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in
multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret
methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and
reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant
to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question
being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation,
calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting.
Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block
autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in
distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also
regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for
bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and
the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical
innovation in the field.Authors: Daniel J. Klionsky, Amal Kamal Abdel-Aziz, Sara Abdelfatah, Mahmoud
Abdellatif, Asghar Abdoli, Steffen Abel, Hagai Abeliovich, Marie H.
Abildgaard, Yakubu Princely Abudu, Abraham Acevedo-Arozena, Iannis E.
Adamopoulos, Khosrow Adeli, Timon E. Adolph, Annagrazia Adornetto, Elma
Aflaki, Galila Agam, Anupam Agarwal, Bharat B. Aggarwal, Maria Agnello,
Patrizia Agostinis, Javed N. Agrewala, Alexander Agrotis, Patricia V. Aguilar,
S. Tariq Ahmad, Zubair M. Ahmed, Ulises Ahumada-Castro, Sonja Aits, Shu
Aizawa, Yunus Akkoc, Tonia Akoumianaki, Hafize Aysin Akpinar, Ahmed M.
Al-Abd, Lina Al-Akra, Abeer Al-Gharaibeh, Moulay A. Alaoui-Jamali, Simon
Alberti, Elísabet Alcocer-Gómez, Cristiano Alessandri, Muhammad Ali,
M. Abdul Alim Al-Bari, Saeb Aliwaini, Javad Alizadeh, Eugènia Almacellas,
Alexandru Almasan, Alicia Alonso, Guillermo D. Alonso, Nihal Altan-Bonnet,
Dario C. Altieri, Élida M. C. Álvarez, Sara Alves, Cristine Alves da Costa,
Mazen M. Alzaharna, Marialaura Amadio, Consuelo Amantini, Cristina
Amaral, Susanna Ambrosio, Amal O. Amer, Veena Ammanathan, Zhenyi
An, Stig U. Andersen, Shaida A. Andrabi, Magaiver Andrade-Silva, Allen
M. Andres, Sabrina Angelini, David Ann, Uche C. Anozie, Mohammad Y.
Ansari, Pedro Antas, Adam Antebi, Zuriñe Antón, Tahira Anwar, Lionel
Apetoh, Nadezda Apostolova, Toshiyuki Araki, Yasuhiro Araki, Kohei Arasaki,
Wagner L. Araújo, Jun Araya, Catherine Arden, Maria-Angeles Arévalo,
Sandro Arguelles, Esperanza Arias, Jyothi Arikkath, Hirokazu Arimoto,
Aileen R. Ariosa, Darius Armstrong-James, Laetitia Arnauné-Pelloquin,
Angeles Aroca, Daniela S. Arroyo, Ivica Arsov, Rubén Artero, Dalia Maria
Lucia Asaro, Michael Aschner, Milad Ashrafizadeh, Osnat Ashur-Fabian,
Atanas G. Atanasov, Alicia K. Au, Patrick Auberger, Holger W. Auner, Laure
Aurelian, Riccardo Autelli, Laura Avagliano, Yenniffer Ávalos, Sanja Aveic,
Célia Alexandra Aveleira, Tamar Avin-Wittenberg, Yucel Aydin, Scott Ayton,
Srinivas Ayyadevara, Maria Azzopardi, Misuzu Baba, Jonathan M. Backer,
Steven K. Backues, Dong-Hun Bae, Ok-Nam Bae, Soo Han Bae, Eric H.
Baehrecke, Ahruem Baek, Seung-Hoon Baek, Sung Hee Baek, Giacinto
Bagetta, Agnieszka Bagniewska-Zadworna, Hua Bai, Jie Bai, Xiyuan Bai,
Yidong Bai, Nandadulal Bairagi, Shounak Baksi, Teresa Balbi, Cosima T.
Baldari, Walter Balduini, Andrea Ballabio, Maria Ballester, Salma Balazadeh,
Rena Balzan, Rina Bandopadhyay, Sreeparna Banerjee, Sulagna Banerjee,
Ágnes Bánréti, Yan Bao, Mauricio S. Baptista, Alessandra Baracca, Cristiana
Barbati, Ariadna Bargiela, Daniela Barilà, Peter G. Barlow, Sami J. Barmada,
Esther Barreiro, George E. Barreto, Jiri Bartek, Bonnie Bartel, Alberto
Bartolome, Gaurav R. Barve, Suresh H. Basagoudanavar, Diane C. Bassham,
Robert C. Bast Jr, Alakananda Basu, Henri Batoko, Isabella Batten, Etienne
E. Baulieu, Bradley L. Baumgarner, Jagadeesh Bayry, Rupert Beale, Isabelle
Beau, Florian Beaumatin, Luiz R.G. Bechara, George R. Beck Jr., Michael
F. Beers, Jakob Begun, Christian Behrends, Georg M.N. Behrens, Roberto
Bei, Eloy Bejarano, Shai Bel, Christian Behl, Amine Belaid, Naïma BelgarehTouzé, Cristina Bellarosa, Francesca Belleudi, Melissa Belló Pérez, Raquel
Bello-Morales, Jackeline Soares de Oliveira Beltran, Sebastián Beltran, Doris
Mangiaracina Benbrook, Mykolas Bendorius, Bruno A. Benitez, Irene BenitoCuesta, Julien Bensalem, Martin W. Berchtold, Sabina Berezowska, Daniele
Bergamaschi, Matteo Bergami, Andreas Bergmann, Laura Berliocchi,
Clarisse Berlioz-Torrent, Amélie Bernard, Lionel Berthoux, Cagri G. Besirli,
Sebastien Besteiro, Virginie M. Betin, Rudi Beyaert, Jelena S. Bezbradica,
Kiran Bhaskar, Ingrid Bhatia-Kissova, Resham Bhattacharya, Sujoy
Bhattacharya, Shalmoli Bhattacharyya, Md. Shenuarin Bhuiyan, Sujit Kumar
Bhutia, Lanrong Bi, Xiaolin Bi, Trevor J. Biden, Krikor Bijian, Viktor A. Billes,
Nadine Binart, Claudia Bincoletto, Asa B. Birgisdottir, Geir Bjorkoy, Gonzalo
Blanco, Ana Blas-Garcia, Janusz Blasiak, Robert Blomgran, Klas Blomgren,
Janice S. Blum, Emilio Boada-Romero, Mirta Boban, Kathleen BoeszeBattaglia, Philippe Boeuf, Barry Boland, Pascale Bomont, Paolo Bonaldo,
Srinivasa Reddy Bonam, Laura Bonfili, Juan S. Bonifacino, Brian A. Boone,
Martin D. Bootman, Matteo Bordi, Christoph Borner, Beat C. Bornhauser,
Gautam Borthakur, Jürgen Bosch, Santanu Bose, Luis M. Botana, Juan Botas,
Chantal M. Boulanger, Michael E. Boulton, Mathieu Bourdenx, Benjamin
Bourgeois, Nollaig M. Bourke, Guilhem Bousquet, Patricia Boya, Peter V.
Bozhkov, Luiz H. M. Bozi, Tolga O. Bozkurt, Doug E. Brackney, Christian
H. Brandts, Ralf J. Braun, Gerhard H. Braus, Roberto Bravo-Sagua, José
M. Bravo-San Pedro, Patrick Brest, Marie-Agnès Bringer, Alfredo BrionesHerrera, V. Courtney Broaddus, Peter Brodersen, Jeffrey L. Brodsky, Steven
L. Brody, Paola G. Bronson, Jeff M. Bronstein, Carolyn N. Brown, Rhoderick
E. Brown, Patricia C. Brum, John H. Brumell, Nicola Brunetti-Pierri, Daniele
Bruno, Robert J. Bryson-Richardson, Cecilia Bucci, Carmen Buchrieser,
Marta Bueno, Laura Elisa Buitrago-Molina, Simone Buraschi, Shilpa Buch, J.
Ross Buchan, Erin M. Buckingham, Hikmet Budak, Mauricio Budini, Geert
Bultynck, Florin Burada, Joseph R. Burgoyne, M. Isabel Burón, Victor Bustos,
Sabrina Büttner, Elena Butturini, Aaron Byrd, Isabel Cabas, Sandra CabreraBenitez, Ken Cadwell, Jingjing Cai, Lu Cai, Qian Cai, Montserrat Cairó, Jose A.
Calbet, Guy A. Caldwell, Kim A. Caldwell, Jarrod A. Call, Riccardo Calvani, Ana
C. Calvo, Miguel Calvo-Rubio Barrera, Niels OS Camara, Jacques H. Camonis,
Nadine Camougrand, Michelangelo Campanella, Edward M. Campbell,
François-Xavier Campbell-Valois, Silvia Campello, Ilaria Campesi, Juliane C.
Campos, Olivier Camuzard, Jorge Cancino, Danilo Candido de Almeida, Laura
Canesi, Isabella Caniggia, Barbara Canonico, Carles Cantí, Bin Cao, Michele
Caraglia, Beatriz Caramés, Evie H. Carchman, Elena Cardenal-Muñoz, Cesar
Cardenas, Luis Cardenas, Sandra M. Cardoso, Jennifer S. Carew, Georges
F. Carle, Gillian Carleton, Silvia Carloni, Didac Carmona-Gutierrez, Leticia
A. Carneiro, Oliana Carnevali, Julian M. Carosi, Serena Carra, Alice Carrier,
Lucie Carrier, Bernadette Carroll, A. Brent Carter, Andreia Neves Carvalho,
Magali Casanova, Caty Casas, Josefina Casas, Chiara Cassioli, Eliseo F.
Castillo, Karen Castillo, Sonia Castillo-Lluva, Francesca Castoldi, Marco
Castori, Ariel F. Castro, Margarida Castro-Caldas, Javier Castro-Hernandez,
Susana Castro-Obregon, Sergio D. Catz, Claudia Cavadas, Federica Cavaliere,
Gabriella Cavallini, Maria Cavinato, Maria L. Cayuela, Paula Cebollada Rica,
Valentina Cecarini, Francesco Cecconi, Marzanna Cechowska-Pasko, Simone
Cenci, Victòria Ceperuelo-Mallafré, João J. Cerqueira, Janete M. Cerutti,
Davide Cervia, Vildan Bozok Cetintas, Silvia Cetrullo, Han-Jung Chae, Andrei
S. Chagin, Chee-Yin Chai, Gopal Chakrabarti, Oishee Chakrabarti, Tapas
Chakraborty, Trinad Chakraborty, Mounia Chami, Georgios Chamilos, David
W. Chan, Edmond Y. W. Chan, Edward D. Chan, H.Y. Edwin Chan, Helen H.
Chan, Hung Chan, Matthew T.V. Chan, Yau Sang Chan, Partha K. Chandra,
Chih-Peng Chang, Chunmei Chang, Hao-Chun Chang, Kai Chang, Jie Chao,
Tracey Chapman, Nicolas Charlet-Berguerand, Samrat Chatterjee, Shail
K. Chaube, Anu Chaudhary, Santosh Chauhan, Edward Chaum, Frédéric
Checler, Michael E. Cheetham, Chang-Shi Chen, Guang-Chao Chen, Jian-Fu
Chen, Liam L. Chen, Leilei Chen, Lin Chen, Mingliang Chen, Mu-Kuan Chen,
Ning Chen, Quan Chen, Ruey-Hwa Chen, Shi Chen, Wei Chen, Weiqiang Chen,
Xin-Ming Chen, Xiong-Wen Chen, Xu Chen, Yan Chen, Ye-Guang Chen, Yingyu
Chen, Yongqiang Chen, Yu-Jen Chen, Yue-Qin Chen, Zhefan Stephen Chen,
Zhi Chen, Zhi-Hua Chen, Zhijian J. Chen, Zhixiang Chen, Hanhua Cheng, Jun
Cheng, Shi-Yuan Cheng, Wei Cheng, Xiaodong Cheng, Xiu-Tang Cheng, Yiyun
Cheng, Zhiyong Cheng, Zhong Chen, Heesun Cheong, Jit Kong Cheong, Boris
V. Chernyak, Sara Cherry, Chi Fai Randy Cheung, Chun Hei Antonio Cheung,
King-Ho Cheung, Eric Chevet, Richard J. Chi, Alan Kwok Shing Chiang,
Ferdinando Chiaradonna, Roberto Chiarelli, Mario Chiariello, Nathalia Chica,
Susanna Chiocca, Mario Chiong, Shih-Hwa Chiou, Abhilash I. Chiramel,
Valerio Chiurchiù, Dong-Hyung Cho, Seong-Kyu Choe, Augustine M.K. Choi,
Mary E. Choi, Kamalika Roy Choudhury, Norman S. Chow, Charleen T. Chu,
Jason P. Chua, John Jia En Chua, Hyewon Chung, Kin Pan Chung, Seockhoon
Chung, So-Hyang Chung, Yuen-Li Chung, Valentina Cianfanelli, Iwona A.
Ciechomska, Mariana Cifuentes, Laura Cinque, Sebahattin Cirak, Mara
Cirone, Michael J. Clague, Robert Clarke, Emilio Clementi, Eliana M. Coccia,
Patrice Codogno, Ehud Cohen, Mickael M. Cohen, Tania Colasanti, Fiorella
Colasuonno, Robert A. Colbert, Anna Colell, Miodrag Čolić, Nuria S. Coll,
Mark O. Collins, María I. Colombo, Daniel A. Colón-Ramos, Lydie Combaret,
Sergio Comincini, Márcia R. Cominetti, Antonella Consiglio, Andrea Conte,
Fabrizio Conti, Viorica Raluca Contu, Mark R. Cookson, Kevin M. Coombs,
Isabelle Coppens, Maria Tiziana Corasaniti, Dale P. Corkery, Nils Cordes,
Katia Cortese, Maria do Carmo Costa, Sarah Costantino, Paola Costelli, Ana
Coto-Montes, Peter J. Crack, Jose L. Crespo, Alfredo Criollo, Valeria Crippa,
Riccardo Cristofani, Tamas Csizmadia, Antonio Cuadrado, Bing Cui, Jun
Cui, Yixian Cui, Yong Cui, Emmanuel Culetto, Andrea C. Cumino, Andrey V.
Cybulsky, Mark J. Czaja, Stanislaw J. Czuczwar, Stefania D’Adamo, Marcello
D’Amelio, Daniela D’Arcangelo, Andrew C. D’Lugos, Gabriella D’Orazi, James
A. da Silva, Hormos Salimi Dafsari, Ruben K. Dagda, Yasin Dagdas, Maria
Daglia, Xiaoxia Dai, Yun Dai, Yuyuan Dai, Jessica Dal Col, Paul Dalhaimer,
Luisa Dalla Valle, Tobias Dallenga, Guillaume Dalmasso, Markus Damme,
Ilaria Dando, Nico P. Dantuma, April L. Darling, Hiranmoy Das, Srinivasan
Dasarathy, Santosh K. Dasari, Srikanta Dash, Oliver Daumke, Adrian N.
Dauphinee, Jeffrey S. Davies, Valeria A. Dávila, Roger J. Davis, Tanja Davis,
Sharadha Dayalan Naidu, Francesca De Amicis, Karolien De Bosscher,
Francesca De Felice, Lucia De Franceschi, Chiara De Leonibus, Mayara
G. de Mattos Barbosa, Guido R.Y. De Meyer, Angelo De Milito, Cosimo De
Nunzio, Clara De Palma, Mauro De Santi, Claudio De Virgilio, Daniela De
Zio, Jayanta Debnath, Brian J. DeBosch, Jean-Paul Decuypere, Mark A.
Deehan, Gianluca Deflorian, James DeGregori, Benjamin Dehay, Gabriel
Del Rio, Joe R. Delaney, Lea M. D. Delbridge, Elizabeth Delorme-Axford, M.
Victoria Delpino, Francesca Demarchi, Vilma Dembitz, Nicholas D. Demers,
Hongbin Deng, Zhiqiang Deng, Joern Dengjel, Paul Dent, Donna Denton,
Melvin L. DePamphilis, Channing J. Der, Vojo Deretic, Albert Descoteaux,
Laura Devis, Sushil Devkota, Olivier Devuyst, Grant Dewson, Mahendiran
Dharmasivam, Rohan Dhiman, Diego di Bernardo, Manlio Di Cristina, Fabio
Di Domenico, Pietro Di Fazio, Alessio Di Fonzo, Giovanni Di Guardo, Gianni
M. Di Guglielmo, Luca Di Leo, Chiara Di Malta, Alessia Di Nardo, Martina Di
Rienzo, Federica Di Sano, George Diallinas, Jiajie Diao, Guillermo Diaz-Araya,
Inés Díaz-Laviada, Jared M. Dickinson, Marc Diederich, Mélanie Dieudé,
Ivan Dikic, Shiping Ding, Wen-Xing Ding, Luciana Dini, Jelena Dinić, Miroslav
Dinic, Albena T. Dinkova-Kostova, Marc S. Dionne, Jörg H.W. Distler, Abhinav
Diwan, Ian M.C. Dixon, Mojgan Djavaheri-Mergny, Ina Dobrinski, Oxana
Dobrovinskaya, Radek Dobrowolski, Renwick C.J. Dobson, Jelena Đokić,
Serap Dokmeci Emre, Massimo Donadelli, Bo Dong, Xiaonan Dong, Zhiwu
Dong, Gerald W. 2nd Dorn, Volker Dotsch, Huan Dou, Juan Dou, Moataz
Dowaidar, Sami Dridi, Liat Drucker, Ailian Du, Caigan Du, Guangwei Du,
Hai-Ning Du, Li-Lin Du, André du Toit, Shao-Bin Duan, Xiaoqiong Duan,
Sónia P. Duarte, Anna Dubrovska, Elaine A. Dunlop, Nicolas Dupont, Raúl
V. Durán, Bilikere S. Dwarakanath, Sergey A. Dyshlovoy, Darius EbrahimiFakhari, Leopold Eckhart, Charles L. Edelstein, Thomas Efferth, Eftekhar
Eftekharpour, Ludwig Eichinger, Nabil Eid, Tobias Eisenberg, N. Tony Eissa,
Sanaa Eissa, Miriam Ejarque, Abdeljabar El Andaloussi, Nazira El-Hage,
Shahenda El-Naggar, Anna Maria Eleuteri, Eman S. El-Shafey, Mohamed
Elgendy, Aristides G. Eliopoulos, María M. Elizalde, Philip M. Elks, Hans-Peter
Elsasser, Eslam S. Elsherbiny, Brooke M. Emerling, N. C. Tolga Emre, Christina
H. Eng, Nikolai Engedal, Anna-Mart Engelbrecht, Agnete S.T. Engelsen,
Jorrit M. Enserink, Ricardo Escalante, Audrey Esclatine, Mafalda EscobarHenriques, Eeva-Liisa Eskelinen, Lucile Espert, Makandjou-Ola Eusebio,
Gemma Fabrias, Cinzia Fabrizi, Antonio Facchiano, Francesco Facchiano,
Bengt Fadeel, Claudio Fader, Alex C. Faesen, W. Douglas Fairlie, Alberto
Falcó, Bjorn H. Falkenburger, Daping Fan, Jie Fan, Yanbo Fan, Evandro F.
Fang, Yanshan Fang, Yognqi Fang, Manolis Fanto, Tamar Farfel-Becker,
Mathias Faure, Gholamreza Fazeli, Anthony O. Fedele, Arthur M. Feldman,
Du Feng, Jiachun Feng, Lifeng Feng, Yibin Feng, Yuchen Feng, Wei Feng, Thais
Fenz Araujo, Thomas A. Ferguson, Álvaro F. Fernández, Jose C. FernandezCheca, Sonia Fernández-Veledo, Alisdair R. Fernie, Anthony W. Ferrante
Jr, Alessandra Ferraresi, Merari F. Ferrari, Julio C.B. Ferreira, Susan FerroNovick, Antonio Figueras, Riccardo Filadi, Nicoletta Filigheddu, Eduardo
Filippi-Chiela, Giuseppe Filomeni, Gian Maria Fimia, Vittorio Fineschi,
Francesca Finetti, Steven Finkbeiner, Edward A. Fisher, Paul B. Fisher, Flavio
Flamigni, Steven J. Fliesler, Trude H. Flo, Ida Florance, Oliver Florey, Tullio
Florio, Erika Fodor, Carlo Follo, Edward A. Fon, Antonella Forlino, Francesco
Fornai, Paola Fortini, Anna Fracassi, Alessandro Fraldi, Brunella Franco,
Rodrigo Franco, Flavia Franconi, Lisa B. Frankel, Scott L. Friedman, Leopold
F. Fröhlich, Gema Frühbeck, Jose M. Fuentes, Yukio Fujiki, Naonobu Fujita,
Yuuki Fujiwara, Mitsunori Fukuda, Simone Fulda, Luc Furic, Norihiko Furuya,
Carmela Fusco, Michaela U. Gack, Lidia Gaffke, Sehamuddin Galadari,
Alessia Galasso, Maria F. Galindo, Sachith Gallolu Kankanamalage, Lorenzo
Galluzzi, Vincent Galy, Noor Gammoh, Boyi Gan, Ian G. Ganley, Feng Gao,
Hui Gao, Minghui Gao, Ping Gao, Shou-Jiang Gao, Wentao Gao, Xiaobo Gao,
Ana Garcera, Maria Noé Garcia, Verónica E. Garcia, Francisco García-Del
Portillo, Vega Garcia-Escudero, Aracely Garcia-Garcia, Marina Garcia-Macia,
Diana García-Moreno, Carmen Garcia-Ruiz, Patricia García-Sanz, Abhishek
D. Garg, Ricardo Gargini, Tina Garofalo, Robert F. Garry, Nils C. Gassen,
Damian Gatica, Liang Ge, Wanzhong Ge, Ruth Geiss-Friedlander, Cecilia
Gelfi, Pascal Genschik, Ian E. Gentle, Valeria Gerbino, Christoph Gerhardt,
Kyla Germain, Marc Germain, David A. Gewirtz, Elham Ghasemipour Afshar,
Saeid Ghavami, Alessandra Ghigo, Manosij Ghosh, Georgios Giamas, Claudia
Giampietri, Alexandra Giatromanolaki, Gary E. Gibson, Spencer B. Gibson,
Vanessa Ginet, Edward Giniger, Carlotta Giorgi, Henrique Girao, Stephen E.
Girardin, Mridhula Giridharan, Sandy Giuliano, Cecilia Giulivi, Sylvie Giuriato,
Julien Giustiniani, Alexander Gluschko, Veit Goder, Alexander Goginashvili,
Jakub Golab, David C. Goldstone, Anna Golebiewska, Luciana R. Gomes,
Rodrigo Gomez, Rubén Gómez-Sánchez, Maria Catalina Gomez-Puerto,
Raquel Gomez-Sintes, Qingqiu Gong, Felix M. Goni, Javier González-Gallego,
Tomas Gonzalez-Hernandez, Rosa A. Gonzalez-Polo, Jose A. GonzalezReyes, Patricia González-Rodríguez, Ing Swie Goping, Marina S. Gorbatyuk,
Nikolai V. Gorbunov, Kıvanç Görgülü, Roxana M. Gorojod, Sharon M. Gorski,
Sandro Goruppi, Cecilia Gotor, Roberta A. Gottlieb, Illana Gozes, Devrim
Gozuacik, Martin Graef, Markus H. Gräler, Veronica Granatiero, Daniel
Grasso, Joshua P. Gray, Douglas R. Green, Alexander Greenhough, Stephen L.
Gregory, Edward F. Griffin, Mark W. Grinstaff, Frederic Gros, Charles Grose,
Angelina S. Gross, Florian Gruber, Paolo Grumati, Tilman Grune, Xueyan
Gu, Jun-Lin Guan, Carlos M. Guardia, Kishore Guda, Flora Guerra, Consuelo
Guerri, Prasun Guha, Carlos Guillén, Shashi Gujar, Anna Gukovskaya, Ilya
Gukovsky, Jan Gunst, Andreas Günther, Anyonya R. Guntur, Chuanyong
Guo, Chun Guo, Hongqing Guo, Lian-Wang Guo, Ming Guo, Pawan Gupta,
Shashi Kumar Gupta, Swapnil Gupta, Veer Bala Gupta, Vivek Gupta, Asa
B. Gustafsson, David D. Gutterman, Ranjitha H.B., Annakaisa Haapasalo,
James E. Haber, Aleksandra Hać, Shinji Hadano, Anders J. Hafrén, Mansour
Haidar, Belinda S. Hall, Gunnel Halldén, Anne Hamacher-Brady, Andrea
Hamann, Maho Hamasaki, Weidong Han, Malene Hansen, Phyllis I. Hanson,
Zijian Hao, Masaru Harada, Ljubica Harhaji-Trajkovic, Nirmala Hariharan,
Nigil Haroon, James Harris, Takafumi Hasegawa, Noor Hasima Nagoor,
Jeffrey A. Haspel, Volker Haucke, Wayne D. Hawkins, Bruce A. Hay, Cole M.
Haynes, Soren B. Hayrabedyan, Thomas S. Hays, Congcong He, Qin He, RongRong He, You-Wen He, Yu-Ying He, Yasser Heakal, Alexander M. Heberle, J.
Fielding Hejtmancik, Gudmundur Vignir Helgason, Vanessa Henkel, Marc
Herb, Alexander Hergovich, Anna Herman-Antosiewicz, Agustín Hernández,
Carlos Hernandez, Sergio Hernandez-Diaz, Virginia Hernandez-Gea, Amaury
Herpin, Judit Herreros, Javier H. Hervás, Daniel Hesselson, Claudio Hetz,
Volker T. Heussler, Yujiro Higuchi, Sabine Hilfiker, Joseph A. Hill, William
S. Hlavacek, Emmanuel A. Ho, Idy H.T. Ho, Philip Wing-Lok Ho, Shu-Leong
Ho, Wan Yun Ho, G. Aaron Hobbs, Mark Hochstrasser, Peter H.M. Hoet,
Daniel Hofius, Paul Hofman, Annika Höhn, Carina I. Holmberg, Jose R.
Hombrebueno, Chang-Won Hong, Yi-Ren Hong, Lora V. Hooper, Thorsten
Hoppe, Rastislav Horos, Yujin Hoshida, I-Lun Hsin, Hsin-Yun Hsu, Bing Hu,
Dong Hu, Li-Fang Hu, Ming Chang Hu, Ronggui Hu, Wei Hu, Yu-Chen Hu,
Zhuo-Wei Hu, Fang Hua, Jinlian Hua, Yingqi Hua, Chongmin Huan, Canhua
Huang, Chuanshu Huang, Chuanxin Huang, Chunling Huang, Haishan
Huang, Kun Huang, Michael L.H. Huang, Rui Huang, Shan Huang, Tianzhi
Huang, Xing Huang, Yuxiang Jack Huang, Tobias B. Huber, Virginie Hubert,
Christian A. Hubner, Stephanie M. Hughes, William E. Hughes, Magali
Humbert, Gerhard Hummer, James H. Hurley, Sabah Hussain, Salik Hussain,
Patrick J. Hussey, Martina Hutabarat, Hui-Yun Hwang, Seungmin Hwang,
Antonio Ieni, Fumiyo Ikeda, Yusuke Imagawa, Yuzuru Imai, Carol Imbriano,
Masaya Imoto, Denise M. Inman, Ken Inoki, Juan Iovanna, Renato V. Iozzo,
Giuseppe Ippolito, Javier E. Irazoqui, Pablo Iribarren, Mohd Ishaq, Makoto
Ishikawa, Nestor Ishimwe, Ciro Isidoro, Nahed Ismail, Shohreh IssazadehNavikas, Eisuke Itakura, Daisuke Ito, Davor Ivankovic, Saška Ivanova, Anand
Krishnan V. Iyer, José M. Izquierdo, Masanori Izumi, Marja Jäättelä, Majid
Sakhi Jabir, William T. Jackson, Nadia Jacobo-Herrera, Anne-Claire Jacomin,
Elise Jacquin, Pooja Jadiya, Hartmut Jaeschke, Chinnaswamy Jagannath,
Arjen J. Jakobi, Johan Jakobsson, Bassam Janji, Pidder Jansen-Dürr, Patric J.
Jansson, Jonathan Jantsch, Sławomir Januszewski, Alagie Jassey, Steve Jean,
Hélène Jeltsch-David, Pavla Jendelova, Andreas Jenny, Thomas E. Jensen,
Niels Jessen, Jenna L. Jewell, Jing Ji, Lijun Jia, Rui Jia, Liwen Jiang, Qing Jiang,
Richeng Jiang, Teng Jiang, Xuejun Jiang, Yu Jiang, Maria Jimenez-Sanchez,
Eun-Jung Jin, Fengyan Jin, Hongchuan Jin, Li Jin, Luqi Jin, Meiyan Jin, Si Jin,
Eun-Kyeong Jo, Carine Joffre, Terje Johansen, Gail V.W. Johnson, Simon A.
Johnston, Eija Jokitalo, Mohit Kumar Jolly, Leo A.B. Joosten, Joaquin Jordan,
Bertrand Joseph, Dianwen Ju, Jeong-Sun Ju, Jingfang Ju, Esmeralda Juárez,
Delphine Judith, Gábor Juhász, Youngsoo Jun, Chang Hwa Jung, Sung-Chul
Jung, Yong Keun Jung, Heinz Jungbluth, Johannes Jungverdorben, Steffen
Just, Kai Kaarniranta, Allen Kaasik, Tomohiro Kabuta, Daniel Kaganovich,
Alon Kahana, Renate Kain, Shinjo Kajimura, Maria Kalamvoki, Manjula Kalia,
Danuta S. Kalinowski, Nina Kaludercic, Ioanna Kalvari, Joanna Kaminska,
Vitaliy O. Kaminskyy, Hiromitsu Kanamori, Keizo Kanasaki, Chanhee Kang,
Rui Kang, Sang S
