7,136 research outputs found
Global nitrogen deposition (2°×2.5° grid resolution) simulated with GEOS-Chem for 1984-1986, 1994-1996, 2004-2006, and 2014-2016
No full textThe .csv file 'inorganic_N_deposition.csv' contains spatially-explicit information about dry, wet, and total (dry + wet) inorganic nitrogen deposition in each grid cell for each year simulated. Chemical species included in the wet deposition calculations were NH3, NH4, NO3, and HNO3. Dry deposition calculations included these species plus N2O5 and NO2. The .csv file 'organic_N_deposition.csv' contains spatially-explicit information about dry, wet, and total (dry + wet) organic nitrogen deposition in each grid cell for each year simulated. Chemical species included in the simulations are propanone nitrate, isoprene hydroxynitrate, methyl vinyl ketone + methacrolein nitrates, ≥C4 alkylnitrates, methyl peroxy nitrate, peroxyacetylnitrate, peroxypropionylnitrate, and peroxymethacryloyl nitrate. GEOS-Chem does not simulate certain biogenic nitrogen-bearing compounds, such as amino acids and urea, which can constitute a significant component of organic nitrogen deposition. Therefore, our estimates of organic nitrogen deposition should be considered lower-bound estimates. The .csv file 'oxidized_reduced_N_deposition.csv' contains spatially-explicit information about dry, wet, and total (dry + wet) inorganic nitrogen deposition in chemically reduced and chemically oxidized species for each grid cell in each year simulated.
The .csv file 'inorganic_N_deposition.csv' contains spatially-explicit information about dry, wet, and total (dry + wet) inorganic nitrogen deposition in each grid cell for each year simulated. Chemical species included in the wet deposition calculations were NH3, NH4, NO3, and HNO3. Dry deposition calculations included these species plus N2O5 and NO2.
The .csv file 'organic_N_deposition.csv' contains spatially-explicit information about dry, wet, and total (dry + wet) organic nitrogen deposition in each grid cell for each year simulated. Chemical species included in the simulations are propanone nitrate, isoprene hydroxynitrate, methyl vinyl ketone + methacrolein nitrates, ≥C4 alkylnitrates, methyl peroxy nitrate, peroxyacetylnitrate, peroxypropionylnitrate, and peroxymethacryloyl nitrate. GEOS-Chem does not simulate certain biogenic nitrogen-bearing compounds, such as amino acids and urea, which can constitute a significant component of organic nitrogen deposition. Therefore, our estimates of organic nitrogen deposition should be considered lower-bound estimates.
The .csv file 'oxidized_reduced_N_deposition.csv' contains spatially-explicit information about dry, wet, and total (dry + wet) inorganic nitrogen deposition in chemically reduced and chemically oxidized species for each grid cell in each year simulated.Atmospheric deposition of inorganic nitrogen is critical to the function of ecosystems and elemental cycles. During the industrial period, humans have doubled the amount of inorganic nitrogen in the biosphere and radically altered rates of atmospheric nitrogen deposition. Despite this rapid change, estimates of global nitrogen deposition patterns generally have low, centennial-scale temporal resolution. Lack of information on annual- to decadal-scale changes in global nitrogen deposition makes it difficult for scientists researching questions on these finer timescales to contextualize their work within the global nitrogen cycle. Here we use the GEOS-Chem Chemical Transport Model to estimate wet and dry deposition of inorganic nitrogen globally at a spatial resolution of 2°×2.5° for 12 individual years in the period from 1984 to 2016. During this time, we found an 8% increase in global inorganic nitrogen deposition from 86.6 TgN yr-1 to 93.6 TgN yr-1, a trend that comprised a balance of variable regional patterns. For example, inorganic nitrogen deposition increased in areas including east Asia and Southern Brazil, while inorganic nitrogen deposition declined in areas including Europe. Further, we found a global increase in the percentage of inorganic nitrogen deposited in chemically reduced forms from 30% to 35%, and this trend was largely driven by strong regional increases in the proportion of chemically reduced nitrogen deposited over the United States. This study provides spatially explicit estimates of inorganic nitrogen deposition over the last four decades and improves our understanding of short-term human impacts on the global nitrogen cycle. We provide all output from these GEOS-Chem simulations related to atmospheric deposition.
We provide all output from these GEOS-Chem simulations related to atmospheric deposition.Ackerman, Daniel E; Chen, Xin; Millet, Dylan B. (2018). Global nitrogen deposition (2°×2.5° grid resolution) simulated with GEOS-Chem for 1984-1986, 1994-1996, 2004-2006, and 2014-2016. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://doi.org/10.13020/D6KX2R
00-03 "Trade Liberalization and Pollution Intensive Industries in Developing Countries: A Partial Equilibrium Approach."
No full textEconomic theory suggests that liberalization of trade between countries with differing levels of environmental protection could lead pollution-intensive industry to concentrate in the nations where regulations are lax. This effect, often referred to as the "pollution haven" hypothesis, is much discussed in theory, but finds only ambiguous support in empirical research to date. Methodologies used for research on trade and environment differ widely; many are difficult to apply to practical policy questions. We develop a simple, partial equilibrium model explicitly designed to analyze the effects of a change in trade policy. Our model analyzes the relative concentrations of "clean" and "dirty" industries in two nations or regions, before and after the policy change. While lacking the theoretical rigor and mathematical intricacy of other modeling methods, our approach has the advantages of transparency and accessibility to a broad range of analysts and policy makers.
The Book of Daniel and manticism: a critical assessment of the view that the Book of Daniel derives from a mantic tradition
No full textThis dissertation examines the consensus view that is based on Hans-Peter
Müller's 1969 and 1972 articles: Daniel was a mantic wise man in the Mesopotamian
ASA
court, and this was the self-understanding or aspiration of the maskilim of Dan 11:33, 35,
12:3, 10, who wrote the book. Chapter 1 reviews the arguments that make the mantic connection and Chapter 2 concludes that a direct connection with the Danes of Aqht, Ezek, and Jub, and with the angel in 1 Enoch should be rejected. There is evidence that the
tradition of a priest in Ezra 8: 2 and Neh 10: 7, and found also in the superscription to
the Old Greek of Bel, and 4 Ezra 12:10-11, and suggested the name.
Chapter 3 concludes that the portrayal of the court diviners in Dan 1-6 is wholly
negative and includes both the diviners, and the essence of the professions, i. e., the
ability to interpret a divine revelation. The critique is conveyed through the story line,
explicit criticisms, irony, and humour. Chapter 4 concludes that Daniel, the interpreter
of dreams and the writing on the wall, is distinguished from every other character and role. In the final form of Dan, Daniel as the divinely assisted each time he interprets, just as when he receives help from an interpreting angel in Dan 7-12.
Chapter 5 demonstrates that the portrayal of Daniel as the divinely assisted
interpreter makes sense of the reinterpretation of old prophecies against the Assyrians
as prophecies against Antiochus IV Epiphanes. Hab 2:2-4 and Isa 52-53 were also
understood as predictions about the maskilim themselves. Comparisons are then made
with the Teacher of Righteousness, the writers of the Hodayot, and with three Essenes
portrayed by Josephus. These too were portrayed as divinely assisted interpreters
Democracia y constitución: Momentos constitucionales e institución de la sociedad: Bruce Ackerman y la democracia dualista argentina
No full textEl filósofo político y constitucionalista Bruce Ackerman es un autor aún relativamente poco presente en los debates de la teoría política latinoamericana. Sin embargo, comparte con algunos de los autores más influyentes en la región el interés por la pregunta por la institución de la sociedad. Ackerman proviene, es cierto, de una tradición distinta a la articulada por el lenguaje del pensamiento europeo continental expresado, por ejemplo, por Claude Lefort. Sin embargo la investigación ackermaniana no puede ser descripta, si quisieramos utilizar nociones del filósofo francés, más que como una interrogación de lo político. Lo que Ackerman propone es, al modo fenomenológico, la puesta entre paréntesis de todo aquello que creemos ya saber sobre el régimen constitucional norteamericano y, a partir de ese gesto inicial, abocarse al estudio efectivo del modo en que éste ha funcionado desde sus comienzos. Ackerman llama ?democracia dualista? a la forma política que resulta de esta indagación. Pero antes de llegar a esa definición, Ackerman se demora en el análisis de las posturas ya disponibles de interpretación de la democracia contemporánea, para de ese modo revelar, jugando el juego de los contrastes, por qué es que la perspectiva de la democracia dualista se le presenta como superadora. Comenzaremos entonces sintetizando la tipología de modelos alternativos ofrecida por Ackerman en We the People I (Ackerman, 1991: 3-33), para luego pasar de lleno al despliegue de su aporte conceptual para el caso argentino. Con respecto a este último, procederemos también de modo ackermaniano: primero estudiaremos, imaginando escenarios y desarrollos posibles, un caso testigo?el del debate por la legalización del aborto en 2018?para luego desarrollar la historización de regímenes político-constitucionales en la Argentina que la teoría de la democracia dualista de Ackerman habilitaría.Fil: Plot, Martin Fernando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Altos Estudios Sociales; Argentin
Author correction: obesity and ethnicity alter gene expression in skin
No full textDaniel Butler was omitted from the author list in the original version of this Article. The Author contributions section now reads: “J.M.W. designed, conducted, and contributed to the writing of the manuscript, prepared Fig. 1. S.G. evaluated and did statistical analysis on the skin and fat samples, prepared Figs. 2–9. J.O.A. evaluated and contributed to writing the manuscript. D.B prepared and sequenced DNA libraries for the skin microbiota data, and wrote the applicable parts of the methods section. C.M. analyzed and wrote up the skin microbiota data, prepared Fig. 10. All authors have read the manuscript and approved its contents. D.D. analyzed and wrote up the skin microbiota data. S.Z. ran and analyzed the skin metabolite data. J.S. assisted in design, analysis and wrote up the skin metabolite data. J.K. assisted in analysis write up of skin and fat data. J.L.B. assisted in analysis, interpretation and writing of the manuscript. P.R.H. designed, analyzed, interpreted the data, and was the primary author of the manuscript.” This has been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article, and in the accompanying Supplementary Information file.</p
Robinson Crusoe, in Latin
No full textby Francis William Newman / [Daniel Defoe]Widmung vom Autor: "Edward Geoghegan. Bardsea, Ulverston. From the Author.
03-09 "Costs of Preventable Childhood Illness: The Price We Pay for Pollution "
No full textA growing body of scientific literature implicates toxic exposures in childhood illnesses and developmental disorders. When these illnesses and disabilities result from environmental factors under human control, they can and should be prevented. This report documents monetary costs associated with five major areas of health problems in children that have been linked to preventable environmental exposures: cancer, asthma, lead poisoning, neurobehavioral disorders, and birth defects. We review incidence and prevalence estimates for these disorders, as well as estimates of the associated monetary costs. We apply the concept of the “environmentally attributable fraction” (EAF) of an illness, where EAF is the estimated percentage of cases of an illness that result from an environmental exposure. Preventable childhood illnesses and disabilities attributable to environmental factors are associated with large monetary costs. Our estimate of direct and indirect costs ranges from 1.6 billion annually in Massachusetts. Of course, there is no dollar measure of the full practical and emotional burden borne by these children, their families, and the communities in which they live.
02-01 "Economic Analysis in Environmental Reviews of Trade Agreements: Assessing the North American Experience"
No full textBeginning in the late 1990s, Canada and the United States began requiring "Environmental Reviews (ERs)" of all trade agreements to be negotiated by each government. This paper, commissioned by the North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation, outlines how ERs have evolved in North America, and evaluates the different methodological approaches that have been employed in ERs thus far. We show that the ERs conducted to date have an encouraging number of strengths that can be built upon. However, we also establish that the art of conducting ERs is still in its infancy. We identify four limitations with the methodological approaches that have been employed in the most recent ERs. Based on an analysis of these limitations, we propose four ways to improve how ERs are conducted in the future:
¿Tacos con salsa o con catsup? Perspectivas y estrategias para la continuidad cultural. Antropología. Boletín Oficial del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia: Música tradicional y procesos de globalización. Num. 80 Nueva Época (2007) septiembre
No full textMariachi Los Camperos de Nati Cano, ¡Llegaron Los Camperos!: Concert Favorites, Smithsonian Flolkways Recordings, 2005 (con abundantes notas biográficas y explicativas de Sheehy).Página Smithsoniana www.si.edu
Sheehy, Daniel, Mariachi music in America, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2005.www.smithsonianglobalsound.or
Democracia, comunicação e negócio : o crescimento desmesurado da concentração económica
No full textNeste artigo passa-se em revista a evolução da concentração das indústrias culturais e comunicativas que, ao longo do tempo, foram adquirindo um maior protagonismo na vida política, cultural e económica das sociedades, especialmente das mais desenvolvidas. A interrelação que se deu entre os regimes democráticos e os meios de comunicação, sobretudo desde o século XIX nos países liberais (embora com uma democracia mais restringida do que a actual), entrou em crise. Em traços largos, a crescente mercantilização da actividade cultural, comunicativa e de entretenimento coloca a questão de saber se os actuais macro ou mega grupos comunicativos e multimédia não têm um protagonismo excessivo, que de alguma maneira conviria controlar por parte dos Estados democráticos. Embora com uma visão geral, procurou-se utilizar exemplos do caso espanhol.In the present article, the author reviews the evolution of cultural and communication industries’ concentration. Such industries have reinforced their protagonism in the political, cultural and economic life of societies, particularly the most developed. The connection between democratic regimes and the media, established mainly since the 19th century in liberal countries (boasting, nevertheless, a more restricted democracy than current trends), is in crisis. Generally speaking, the growing commercialization of cultural, communicative and entertaining activities confront us, in actuality, with the issue of a possibly excessive protagonism on the part of macro or mega communicative and multimedia corporations which should somehow be controlled by democratic States. Although from a generalist perspective, the author draws on multiple examples from the Spanish situation as cases-in-point
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