1,720,967 research outputs found
Cohesion Policy, Structural funds and Organised crime
Full text linkEuropean cohesion policy is realised through the Structural Funds. Current programming 2007-2013 has a budget of €347 billions, 34% of EU budget. €201bn are for the ERDF, €76bn for the ESF, and €70bn for the Cohesion Fund. Italy receives €28,8bn, Calabria receives €3 bn, meaning 428 millions average per year (EU 2012). When exploited in efficient and effective way, SF produce a considerable impact on territorial development, as in Andalusia, Spain. When appropriate management, investment on infrastructures and capacity building is in place, the socio-economic scene changes in the medium term. Territorial governance is key to success (ESPON 2013). This is not occurring in Calabria. 'Ndrangheta (Calabria's mafia) does not seem to be interested in taking advantage of SF money. The annual turnover of 'ndrangheta is around €44 billions, obtained through criminal activities like drug, smuggling, extorsion, trafficking etc. (Eurispes 2008). Those criminal activities generate tax-free black money. Participating to the SF calls, managing and reporting results and expenditure to the financing entities requires specific skills and administrative burden. 'Ndrangheta creates obstacles and slows the use of SF by independent third parties since it has an interest in maintaining socio-economic underdevelopment in Calabria, in order to control territory and economic dynamics. Technical assistance and highly-qualified staff providing support to stakeholders increase Territorial capital (ESPON 2012) and are key to success in the management of SF. By means of SF, in particular using extensively the ESF for capacity building of local entities' staff and stakeholders, the bottle neck caused by 'ndrangheta could be bypassed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Characteristics of glow-discharge LIBS in a rarefied environment
Full text linkThere is a trade-off between the signal level and bandwidth of the atomic lines in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The LIBS plasma plume is a dense plasma, with linewidths of spectral features enlarged by Stark broadening. Narrow linewidths can be detected at delays of some μs with respect to the laser pulse, but this comes at the cost of low signal intensity. This demand becomes urgent when spectral separation is necessary, as in the application of LIBS for in situ detection of atomic deuterium (D) and atomic tritium (T) in walls exposed to the plasma of a Tokamak. The D and T Balmer lines need to be well separated from the atomic hydrogen (H) lines that are present as contaminants in the LIBS spectra. Clearly, solving for the signal-bandwidth tradeoff can be of more general interest than the Balmer lines issue only. In this work, we report an investigation of LIBS signal enhancement with a low-pressure (some Torr), pulsed glow-discharge. The discharge produces a low-density plasma that has a negligible effect on the linewidth. The possibility of signal enhancement instead relies on the long duration of the discharge compared with that of the plume, allowing for long time-integration of the atomic emissions. The concept can be stressed to the limit in which the laser shot just ablates the material, whereas the electronic excitation of the material is obtained by the non-equilibrium gas discharge ignited in a background gas in the region where the laser-induced plasma plume expands
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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