1,720,961 research outputs found
Enhancing navigation using auditory feedback: a case study of hierarchical information visualization system
No full textInteraction with information systems today mostly consists of a user's unimodal interaction with a text-based or visual information system. However, human-computer interaction studies have illustrated that information can be successfully conveyed through different sensory modalities. This research focuses on the enhancement of the user experience using auditory feedback for the specific case of a 3D-visualized hierarchical information system, by representing some of the structural and navigational cues using nonspeech sounds. It is hypothesized that engaging the auditory modality may aid in navigation tasks, improve users' affective reactions and consequently enhance the overall user experience. The research involves two studies. In the first study, a user-centred semiotic sound design methodology is used, based on a methodology originally used on visually-impaired users. Three panels of end-users are employed to design the required nonspeech sounds. Based on the results of this study, recommendations are made for extending the sound design method to novel interfaces and sighted users.The second study is a controlled experiment that compares user experience with the visualization system and with the auditory-feedback enhanced system. The goal is to evaluate the effect of the auditory feedback on user experience. This effect is measured using a measurement model which draws on concepts derived from three conceptual frameworks, based in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), Information Science (IS) and auditory interface studies. A combination of measures is examined, including utilitarian variables such as time taken on hierarchy navigation and information retrieval tasks, and accuracy of the answers. Hedonic variables, which influence the affective reactions, were also examined. These include preference, perceived ease of use, usefulness and ease of learning, and user engagement and satisfaction. We observed that 79% of the participants preferred the audio-visual system to the visual-only system. The audio-visual system was also perceived as easier to use and received higher ratings in terms of aesthetic appeal and perceived usability, which are attributes of user engagement. Furthermore, the audio-visual system was often perceived as being faster and more engaging even though no significant differences were observed in terms of utilitarian variables of task times and accuracy. Findings suggest hedonic variables play an important role in enhancing user experience when interacting with information systems. This research contributes to the field of information science by showcasing that designing multimodal information systems with a focus on the user has the potential to improve user experience. Our findings also provides evidence that utilitarian variables need not be the principle focus of user experience enhancement in information navigation and retrieval tasks, as preference appears to be linked to hedonic variables.L'interaction avec les systèmes d'information consiste essentiellement, à l'heure actuelle, en une interaction unimodale, où l'utilisateur se sert d'un système d'information textuel ou graphique. Cependant, les études en interaction humain-machine démontrent que le recours à différentes modalités sensorielles permet de communiquer de l'information de façon enrichissante. La présente recherche porte sur le rehaussement de l'expérience utilisateur au moyen de rétroaction auditive dans un système de visualisation de l'information hiérarchique en trois dimensions, en représentant certains éléments structurels et navigationnels à l'aide de sons non oraux. L'hypothèse de base stipule que la modalité auditive pourrait alléger les tâches de navigation, améliorer les réactions affectives de l'utilisateur et ainsi rehausser l'expérience globale d'utilisation. La recherche comprend deux études. La première étude comporte une méthodologie centrée sur l'utilisateur, basée sur une méthodologie utilisée à l'origine avec des utilisateurs non voyants, pour concevoir des sons ayant une valeur sémiotique. Trois panels d'utilisateurs finaux ont participé à la conception des sons non oraux à utiliser. Les résultats de cette étude permettent de formuler des recommandations afin d'étendre la méthode de conception des sons aux interfaces novatrices et aux utilisateurs voyants. La seconde étude est un essai contrôlé comparant l'expérience d'utilisation du système de visualisation avec celle du système enrichi avec rétroaction auditive. L'objectif est d'évaluer l'effet de la rétroaction auditive sur l'expérience utilisateur. Cet effet est mesuré à l'aide d'un modèle de mesure fondé sur des concepts provenant de trois cadres théoriques : l'interaction humain-machine, les sciences de l'information et l'étude d'interfaces auditives. Une combinaison de mesures est effectuée pour les variables utilitaires telles que le temps requis pour la navigation hiérarchique et pour les tâches de repérage de l'information, et l'exactitude de la réponse. Les variables hédoniques, qui influent sur les réactions affectives, ont également été examinées. Celles-ci comprennent la préférence, la facilité d'utilisation perçue, l'utilité perçue et la facilité d'apprentissage perçue ainsi que l'engagement et la satisfaction de l'utilisateur. Les résultats démontrent que plus de 79% des participants préfèrent le système audiovisuel au système uniquement visuel. Le système audiovisuel est également perçu comme étant plus facile à utiliser et a obtenu des scores plus élevés relativement à l'apparence (l'esthétisme) et à la convivialité perçue, deux attributs de l'engagement de l'utilisateur. Par ailleurs, le système audiovisuel est souvent perçu comme plus rapide et plus engageant, même si aucune différence significative n'a été notée pour les variables utilitaires comme le temps requis pour effectuer les tâches et l'exactitude. Les résultats suggèrent que les variables hédoniques jouent un rôle important dans le rehaussement de l'expérience utilisateur lors d'interactions avec des systèmes d'information. Cette recherche contribue au domaine des sciences de l'information en démontrant que la conception de systèmes d'information multimodaux centrés sur l'utilisateur a le potentiel de rehausser l'expérience utilisateur. Les résultats démontrent également que les variables utilitaires n'ont pas à être le principal indicateur du rehaussement de l'expérience utilisateur pour les tâches de navigation et de repérage de l'information, puisque la préférence semble être liée aux variables hédoniques
Inspection of the exterior of polygons under infinite and limited visibility models
No full textWe study the problem of externally guarding or inspecting a polygonal environment with a mobile guard (watchman) in both unlimited and limited visibility models. A survey of the literature on guarding problems is presented for both stationary and mobile guards, as well as for both interior and exterior workspaces.Our research concentrates on the external inspection of a single, convex or simple, polygon. In particular, we study the relationship between the interior angles of convex polygons and the length of an external inspection route under unlimited visibility. We then propose a method for computing the shortest external inspection route for convex polygons under limited visibility, and also an approximate solution for simple polygons. Finally, we present experimental work which was performed on random convex polygons to evaluate the results and validate the findings under both types of visibility assumptions
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
A Task-based Approach to Mobile Information Interactions
No full textIn this paper we examine current representations and classifications of mobile information interactions. We propose a task-based approach to unify and guide future work of mobile information retrieval.Arts, Faculty ofLibrary, Archival and Information Studies (SLAIS), School ofReviewedFacultyPostdoctora
- …
