8 research outputs found
Effect of fiber-reinforced polymer confinement on bond strength of hooked bars in high-strength concrete
No full textTo assess the viability of the external confinement of high-strength concrete beam-column joints with carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets in increasing the bond strength of hooked bars anchored in the joints, 12 hooked bar specimens were tested. The specimen simulated the rigid connection of a cantilever beam to a column. The variables were the beam tensile bar size, anchorage length, mode of confinement of the beam hooked bars in the beamcolumn joint, and presence or absence of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) wraps. The nominal or intended concrete compressive strength was 60 MPa (8.7 ksi). Test results of the study were analyzed and the effect of FRP was assessed by comparing performance of specimens whose beam-column anchorage zones were wrapped with FRP sheets with analogous specimens with no FRP. FRP sheets were found effective in increasing the anchorage capacity and the ductility of the load-deflection history. © 2009, American Concrete Institute.[Anonymous], 2005, 318 ACI COMM; *ASTM INT, 2003, A615A615M03A ASTM IN; Hamad BS, 2004, J COMPOS CONSTR, V8, P14, DOI 10.1061-(ASCE)1090-0268(2004)8:1(14); Hamad BS, 2004, ACI STRUCT J, V101, P747; Hamad BS, 2004, J COMPOS CONSTR, V8, P248, DOI 10.1061-(ASCE)1090-0268(2004)8:3(248); HAMAD BS, J COMPOSITES CONSTRU, V9, P440
"History's Heavy Attrition": Literature, Historical Consciousness and the Impact of Vietnam1
No full text In America's bicentennial year, Friendly Fire author C.D.B. Bryan lamented that "there just haven't been many books written by Vietnam vets about their experiences over there. I suspect this might have less to do with their inability to achieve the objectivity necessary to come to grips with experiences in that war than it does with the fact that the Norman Mailers and Thomas Heggers who were capable of writing the Vietnam era's equivalent to a Naked and the Dead or a Mister Rogers were also capable of avoiding the draft."2 Apart from Bryan's exaggeration of the mediocrity of Vietnam literature a decade ago, for which he was rebuked by more than one indignant vet-turned-author, both the quantity and the quality of published novels, poetry, personal narratives and oral histories have lately elevated fictional and quasi-fictional writing on the American war in Vietnam to the level of a genre.3 The literature inspired by a generation of involvement in Indochina has spawned a significant, though not overwhelming, number of academic specialists and university courses; moreover, scholarly attention to this body of writing has begun to transcend the confines of literary criticism, branching off into the sophisticated realm of cultural, political and historical analysis. With more than 300 novels now in print, a steadily widening audience for this kind of writing, and the major American publishing houses reporting expanded printing schedules for Vietnam-related paperbacks, this awakening interest shows no sign of abating. </jats:p
A Study on Methods of Analysing Mortality Statistics as a Health Indicator : with special emphasis on Mortality Normal Deviate
No full textVItal data in Korea are not relIable because of Poorly axecuted registration of birth and death. Census data, however, are considered to be of good quality.
Author estlmated number of death using census age data. Mortality Normal Deviate was calculated for eleven districts, two special cities and nine provinces, regarding total male or female population as a Standard population. The computation formula for Mortality Normal Deviate is:
◁수식삽입▷(원문을 참조하세요)
where;
NA;Number of persons a years old among Sample PopulatIon
PA;Age-specific death rate for age A among Sample Population
Pa;Age-specifIc death rate for Age A among Standard Population
Mortality Normal Devlate indicates that there are significant differences betwsen different community In Korea. Normal Deviates for Mortality in the two large cities are considerably higher to compare with other provinces, thus revealed that municipal area maintains higher level of health due to better health care and better nutritional in take.
Simpls regressIon analysis of Mortality Normal Deviate war compared with other health indicators, such as Proportional Mortality Indicator (P,M.I), Crude death rate(C.D.B.) and adjusted death rate.
Migh correlatlon with crude and adjusted death rate was observed while correlation with PMI was negatively associated at negligible level.
Author calculated that Normal Deviate for Mortality is especially valuable for comparison of small population group as it is highly sensible and tolerable for statistical significance test.目次 = 0
Ⅰ. 緖論 = 1
Ⅱ. 硏究資料 및 方法 = 2
A. 硏究資料 = 2
B. 硏究方法 = 4
Ⅲ. 硏究結果 및 考按 = 7
Ⅳ. 要約 및 結論 = 13
參考文獻 = 1
Mesoscale eddies release pelagic sharks from thermal constraints to foraging in the ocean twilight zone
Get PDFAuthor Posting. © National Academy of Sciences, 2019. This article is posted here by permission of National Academy of Sciences for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116 (35), (2019): 17187-17192, doi:10.1073/pnas.1903067116.Mesoscale eddies are critical components of the ocean’s “internal weather” system. Mixing and stirring by eddies exerts significant control on biogeochemical fluxes in the open ocean, and eddies may trap distinctive plankton communities that remain coherent for months and can be transported hundreds to thousands of kilometers. Debate regarding how and why predators use fronts and eddies, for example as a migratory cue, enhanced forage opportunities, or preferred thermal habitat, has been ongoing since the 1950s. The influence of eddies on the behavior of large pelagic fishes, however, remains largely unexplored. Here, we reconstruct movements of a pelagic predator, the blue shark (Prionace glauca), in the Gulf Stream region using electronic tags, earth-observing satellites, and data-assimilating ocean forecasting models. Based on >2,000 tracking days and nearly 500,000 high-resolution time series measurements collected by 15 instrumented individuals, we show that blue sharks seek out the interiors of anticyclonic eddies where they dive deep while foraging. Our observations counter the existing paradigm that anticyclonic eddies are unproductive ocean “deserts” and suggest anomalously warm temperatures in these features connect surface-oriented predators to the most abundant fish community on the planet in the mesopelagic. These results also shed light on the ecosystem services provided by mesopelagic prey. Careful consideration will be needed before biomass extraction from the ocean twilight zone to avoid interrupting a key link between planktonic production and top predators. Moreover, robust associations between targeted fish species and oceanographic features increase the prospects for effective dynamic ocean management.We thank D. McGillicuddy, G. Lawson, and G. Flierl for helpful discussions while developing this work and 2 anonymous reviewers whose feedback significantly improved the manuscript. We also thank C. Fischer and the OCEARCH team for their support of this research. This work was funded by awards to C.D.B. from the Martin Family Society of Fellows for Sustainability Fellowship at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; the Grassle Fellowship and Ocean Venture Fund at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution; and the National Aeronatics and Space Administration (NASA) Earth and Space Science Fellowship. C.D.B. and P.G. acknowledge support from the NASA New Investigator Program Award 80NSSC18K0757, and P.G. acknowledges support from NSF Award OCE-1558809. This research is partially supported by funding to S.R.T. as part of the Audacious Project, a collaborative endeavor, housed at TED. We thank donors to the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) ProjectWHOI crowdfunding campaign: The Secret Lives of Sharks. Computational support was provided by the Amazon Web Services Cloud Credits for Research program. Funding for the development of HYCOM has been provided by the National Ocean Partnership Program and the Office of Naval Research.2020-02-0
IgG targeting distinct seasonal coronavirus- conserved SARS-CoV-2 spike subdomains correlates with differential COVID-19 disease outcomes
No full textFunding Information: J.L.G., F.B., and R.A.A. were partially supported by Ichor Biologics LLC. R.A.A. and R.A.B. are inventors on a provisional patent related to this study. The remaining authors declare no commercial or financial relationships that are potential conflicts of interest. Funding Information: We would like to thank Sheila O’Donoghue, RN, and Beth Sferrazza, RN, for conducting the blood draws for this study; Drs. Svenja Weiss and Biliana Lozanoska-Ochser for their critical review of this manuscript; Dr. Server Ertem for insights on diagnostic design; and Dean Greg Morrisett, PhD, of Cornell Tech for generous institutional support. This study was supported by NIH SBIR grant no. 1R43AI138740-01A1 , awarded to Ichor Biologics and R.A.A.; Chilean National Research and Development Agency grant no. COVID0422 , awarded to M.I.B.; and a Jacobs Technion-Cornell Institute Runway package, awarded to R.A.B. F.B. was supported by an ANID scholarship/PhD no. 21201764 and F.F. was supported by FONDECYT grant no. 3200913 . The funders had no role in study design, data collection, and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Funding Information: We would like to thank Sheila O'Donoghue, RN, and Beth Sferrazza, RN, for conducting the blood draws for this study; Drs. Svenja Weiss and Biliana Lozanoska-Ochser for their critical review of this manuscript; Dr. Server Ertem for insights on diagnostic design; and Dean Greg Morrisett, PhD, of Cornell Tech for generous institutional support. This study was supported by NIH SBIR grant no. 1R43AI138740-01A1, awarded to Ichor Biologics and R.A.A.; Chilean National Research and Development Agency grant no. COVID0422, awarded to M.I.B.; and a Jacobs Technion-Cornell Institute Runway package, awarded to R.A.B. F.B. was supported by an ANID scholarship/PhD no.21201764 and F.F. was supported by FONDECYT grant no. 3200913. The funders had no role in study design, data collection, and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Study design, J.L.G. R.A.A. R.A.B. C.D.B. M.C. F.F. and M.I.B. Experimental work, J.L.G. F.B. S.M. J.W.B. M.I.B. and R.A.A. Data analysis, J.L.G. M.M. S.M. C.D.B. R.A.B. and R.A.A. Reagent development, J.L.G. R.A.A. J.W.B. and C.D.B. Donor plasma acquisition, S.M. J.L.G. Y.P. and R.A.A. Writing, J.L.G. R.A.A. and R.A.B. and the final version was approved by all of the authors. J.L.G. F.B. and R.A.A. were partially supported by Ichor Biologics LLC. R.A.A. and R.A.B. are inventors on a provisional patent related to this study. The remaining authors declare no commercial or financial relationships that are potential conflicts of interest. We worked to ensure sex balance in the selection of non-human subjects. One or more of the authors of this paper self-identifies as a member of the LGBTQ+ community. One or more of the authors of this paper received support from a program designed to increase minority representation in science. While citing references scientifically relevant for this work, we also actively worked to promote gender balance in our reference list. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s)Despite SARS-CoV-2 being a “novel” virus, early detection of anti-spike IgG in severe COVID-19 patients may be caused by the amplification of humoral memory responses against seasonal coronaviruses. Here, we examine this phenomenon by characterizing anti-spike IgG responses in non-hospitalized convalescent individuals across a spectrum of COVID-19 severity. We observe that disease severity positively correlates with anti-spike IgG levels, IgG cross-reactivity against other betacoronaviruses (β-CoVs), and FcγR activation. Analysis of IgG targeting β-CoV-conserved and non-conserved immunodominant epitopes within the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein revealed epitope-specific relationships: IgG targeting the conserved heptad repeat (HR) 2 region significantly correlates with milder disease, while targeting the conserved S2′FP region correlates with more severe disease. Furthermore, a lower HR2-to-S2′FP IgG-binding ratio correlates with greater disease severity, with ICU-hospitalized COVID-19 patients showing the lowest HR2/S2′FP ratios. These findings suggest that HR2/S2′FP IgG profiles may predict disease severity and offer insight into protective versus deleterious humoral recall responses
Communism in the professions : the organisation of the British Communist Party among professional workers, 1933-1956
Get PDFThis thesis is a historical study of middle-class members of the Communist
Party of Great Britain. Although it is principally concerned with the
period from 1933 to 1956 some attention is given to the Party's first
decade and the years immediately after the great upheaval of 1956. The
thesis examines the reasons why middle-class people were attracted to the
Communist Party; the various cultural and political initiatives they were
involved in and their changing role in the CP. The work describes the way
middle-class Communists drew upon their professional and technical skills
to contribute to the life of the Party and its political campaigns.
Attention is also given to the relationship of middle-class Communists
both to their working-class fellow members and to the Party leadership and
how these relationships developed and changed over time. The thesis
revises various previously accepted characterisations of middle-class
Communists which have emphasised the superficial nature of their
commitment to the CP in the late 1930s or concentrated attention on those
who became entangled in the world of spying. The most important aspect of
the study, however, is the examination of the way in which Communists in
the professions related their Communism to their work and how in turn
their professional concerns and attitudes influenced their politics. To
this end detailed studies have been made of the political and occupational
activities of Communists in three professional groups - architects,
psychologists and school teachers
