161,003 research outputs found
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Larry O. Spencer, Conference Author Presentation
No full textGen. Larry O. Spencer, USAF (Ret.), author of Dark Horse: A Journey from the Horseshoe to the Pentago
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The Effectiveness of the Treatment of Patients with Benign and Malignant Neoplasms of the Skin with the Ointment “Antineoderm C-A”
No full textIntroduction. In all countries of the world, in particular in Ukraine, there is a significant increase in the incidence rate of the tumors of the skin, the prevention and treatment of which has a significant medical, social and economic significance.
In clinical practice, different methods of treatment of benign and malignant neoplasms of the skin are used, among which surgical method, laser and electrocoagulation, cryodestruction using liquid nitrogen, ointment based on concentrated alkali and acids, etc., have been widely used. The statistical indicators of evaluating their efficacy indicate that good, long-term results of the treatment of malignant neoplasms of the skin are achieved only in 15.0-25.0% of patients. The search for new, more effective methods of treating this category of patients deserves special attention.
The aim of this work is to find out the effectiveness of the treatment with herbal liniment “Antineoderm C-A” in patients with benign and malignant neoplasms of the skin.
Material and methods. For 28 years we have examined and cured 20221 patients with different benign and malignant neoplasms (8 214 (40.62%) men, 12007 (59.38%) of women), aged 3 to 93 years. Of these, 329 (1.63%) patients with early melanoma and 118 (0.58%) patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, which until now have not been treated, 1024 (5.06%) patients with a diagnosis of “basal cell carcinoma of the skin” , In which there was a relapse of the disease after the traditional methods of “removal” in other clinics. Of the 16335 patients (80.78%) with benign neoplasms, 7350 (45.00%) were not helped by other methods of treatment.
The following survey methods have been used: visual inspection with dandruff, dermatoscopy, biopsy in cases of benign tumors of the skin (to clarify the diagnosis) with subsequent histological and pathomorphological studies of biopsy.
In patients with early stages of melanoma (a biopsy is categorically banned because it can lead to traumatic metastasis of the tumor), a specific oncologic marker, S-100 melanoma protein, has been identified that can detect the presence of metastases.
For the patients with melanomas in the early stages it was performed a comprehensive clinical-laboratory and instrumental examination of the internal organs for detecting the presence of metastases in accordance with approved protocols of the Ministry of Public Health of Ukraine.
Results. In the vast majority of the treated patients there were no unsatisfactory direct results of supervision. The treatment proceeded without complications, except for the patients with plantar warts, which failed to complete the curia because of their refusal from the necessary in this case numerous medical sessions.
Among 2349 (100.00%) of patients with different types of warts in 2344 (99.78%) the treatment was good, and unsatisfactory result was observed in 5 (0.22%) patients with plantar warts due to reluctance to continue treatment. And the among the total number of treated patients (20221-100.00%) poor results were observed in 0.02% of patients. Patients with good results of treatment include those 1024 patients with basal cell carcinoma of the skin and 7350 patients with benign neoplasms, who had signs of relapse after applying other methods (surgical, laser and electrocoagulation, cryodestruction using liquid nitrogen, using an ointment based on concentrated alkalis and acids, etc.).
Conclusions. Treatment of benign and malignant tumors and melanoma in early stages using “Antyneoderm C-A” is safe and effective, and therefore, regardless of gender and age can be recommended for use in dermatooncology
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1902-1907
No full textIn this second volume of Author Under Sail Jay Williams investigates the life of Jack London as a professional writer at the turn of the 1900s, as his publications spanned The Call of the Wild to The Iron Heel and The Road. While documenting key life events, especially his rising fame, this biography explores London's necessity to illustrate the inner workings of his own vast imagination through his socialist essays and fiction.Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Howl, O Heav'nly Muse! -- 2. Jesus in the Theater of Socialism -- 3. Jack London's Place in American Literature -- 4. Theater of War, Theater at Home -- 5. Revolution, Evolution, and the Scene of Writing -- 6. The Jack London Show Goes on the Road -- 7. Red Atavisms and Revolution -- 8. Earthquake Apocalypse and Building the City, Boat, and House Beautiful -- 9. The Future of Socialism and the Death of the Individual -- 10. The Road Never Ends -- Notes -- Bibliography -- IndexIn this second volume of Author Under Sail Jay Williams investigates the life of Jack London as a professional writer at the turn of the 1900s, as his publications spanned The Call of the Wild to The Iron Heel and The Road. While documenting key life events, especially his rising fame, this biography explores London's necessity to illustrate the inner workings of his own vast imagination through his socialist essays and fiction.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Comorbidity: a Modern View on the Problem; Classification (first notice)
No full textIntroduction. Researches of the famous scientists proved, that comorbid diseases often worsen the course of the underlying disease and/or lead to its chronicity, cause disability and premature death of the working population, often make inefficient diagnosis and treatment, increase the costs of the health system to provide medical care. According to the research of WHO experts, people under 40 usually have 2-4 diseases, under 60 – there is a “bouquet” of 5-7 diseases, after 70 – 8-10 or more diseases. So-called “polymorbidity” increases from 10.0 % in patients aged 80 years old.
Materials and research methods. The work analyzes the literature sources, which deal with the study of comorbid diseases and sufficiently thoroughly reflect the current views of the scientists on the issue.
Results of the investigation and their discussion. There are many synonyms of the term “comorbidity”, among them, often are used the following: “polymorbity”, “multimorbidity”, “multifactorial diseases”, “polypathy”, “multicausal diagnosis”, “dual diagnosis”, “pluripathology” etc., which complicates the understanding of the problem and minimizes the ability to use scientific achievements in clinical practice. In Ukrainian literature the authors often use the term “bicausal diagnosis” to describe comorbidity when there are two underlying diseases, to describe polymorbidity – “multicausal diagnosis” (three or more pathological conditions in one individual). In English scientific literature the authors often use the terms “comorbid diseases”, “comorbid conditions”. In general, the sources of information, used by the researchers to study the problem of polypathies, were and are medical histories, hospital records of the patients and other medical records of family doctors, of insurance companies, archives of the pensions for the elderly. Comorbidity itself can be interpreted as a random combination of the diseases, different by its’ etiology and pathogenesis such as nosological syntropy, ie natural occurrence of the regular determined diseases combinations in one patient. The main causes of comorbidity are: affected organs anatomical proximity, common pathogenesis, causal connections, combination of the diseases or iatrogenic causes. Among the factors, that influence the occurrence of comorbidity in humans, is a chronic infection, inflammation, involutive and systemic metabolic changes, iatrogenic factors, social status, environment and genetic predisposition, and the main way of the development of comorbid disorders is causal. The appearing of a particular disease leads to functional first, and later – to organic lesions and further – to an increase of nosologies quantity. Despite the large number of studies, proposed definitions and synonyms, standardized terminology and conventional classification of comorbidity, that would greatly help in the study of its problems, until now is missing.
Conclusions. Despite many unsolved patterns of comorbidity and lack of the unified terminology, the search for the new variants of combinations of these diseases continues. After all, they can simply be not yet classified syndromal diseases, or vice versa – to be completely incompatible for the appearance and coexistence in one body. This is the key to solve more and more problems for the diagnosis and treatment of the diseases in the field of the practical medicine
Comorbidity: a Modern View on the Problem; Classification (second notice)
No full textIntroduction. The problem of classification of comorbid diseases is very actual now. Despite this fact, the search for the new variants of combinations of the diseases continues, as their combinations can simply be not yet classified syndromal diseases, or vice versa – to be completely incompatible for the appearance and coexistence in one body. This is the key to solve more and more problems for the diagnosis and treatment of the diseases in the field of the practical medicine. That is why a comprehensive study and detailed systematization of the knowledge with our attempt to create the unified classification of the comorbidities are important steps towards the understanding and solving this problem.
Aim. To analyze the literature sources dealing with the study of comorbid diseases and present the modern views of the scientists in relation to these problems in order to unify it.
Materials and methods. The work analyzes the literature sources, which deal with the study of comorbid diseases and quite thoroughly reflect the current views of the scientists on this issue, based on which was made a systematization of the received facts and was proposed our own classification.
Results. Comorbidity is one of the main problems in modern medicine. But, organizing theoretical and practical knowledge of comorbid diseases, and thus solving the problem as a whole, unfortunately, does not go beyond the scientific debate, about which there is still no coherent understanding of its essence and unification of the used terminology. For standardization of the scientific researches on comorbidity as a random combination of the diseases in one patient, which are different by their etiology and pathogenesis such as nosological syntropy, i.e. natural occurrence of the regular determined diseases combinations, were proposed 12 indices and one simple list of the diseases.
It is suggested that all the diseases that occur in the body are divided into monodisease (only one uncomplicated disease in one person) and comorbid disease (2 or more diseases in one person), which, in its turn, are divided into columns, depending on the amount of the diseases, their etiology, сlinical variant of the lesions, relationship between the diseases combined in one body, their origin, the presence of morphological changes, involvement of organs and systems into the process, the order of their appearance, symptomatical dominance, the presence of the complications, prognosis and so on.
Conclusions. The given classification is important for the applied medicine, as it can help the doctor to organize and comprehensively assess the disease, to scale the level of injuring of the certain organs or organ systems by the pathological process, the mode of the diseases, the possibility or, conversely, illogicality of the causal connection between them, and then conduct all necessary diagnostic procedures according to their importance for the diagnosis, prescribe treatment without recourse to polypharmacy and get a positive result of this treatment
Visual Signs of Chronic Diffuse Liver Diseases: the Stigma of Skin, its Appendages and Mucous Membranes
No full textIntroduction. The condition of the skin has always been a reflection of the state of the internal organs, in particular, organs of the gastrointestinal system, liver. Most skin symptoms are not specific to the hepatobiliary system, and therefore can be observed in other diseases. However, often the presence of skin stigma and patient complaints can be very helpful in verifying the diagnosis. According to the results of research in the world, palmar erythema occurs in 23.0%, telangiectasias (vascular “spiders”) – in 33.0%, and the triad of symptoms – palmar erythema, telangiectasias and white nails – in 21.0% of the patients with the liver cirrhosis. Despite all the importance, the topic is not sufficiently covered in the medical literature.
Aim. Comprehensively describe stigmata of the skin, its appendages and mucous membranes in patients with chronic digguse liver diseases (CDLD).
Materials and methods. The results of complex clinical-laboratory and instrumental examination of 2 007 patients with CDLD that were treated during the period of 2005-2013 in the Lviv Regional Hepatologic Center, which was created on the basis of the Department of Internal Medicine N 1 of the Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University and the Gastroenterological Department of the Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital are presented. Among these patients there were 1 508 men (75.1%) and 499 women (24.9%) at the age of 47.9 ± 0.2 years. Before the start of treatment in a hospital, they were examined (according to the order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine N 271 dated 13.06.05 “On Approval of Protocols of the Providing of Medical Care on the Specialty “Gastroenterology”), on the basis of the results of which the clinical diagnoses were set.
Results. Skin changes are often the first predictors of CDLD. For example, a combination of pigmentation, jaundice and xanotomy confirms the diagnosis of primary liver biliary cirrhosis. In the vast majority of patients with chronic liver diseases there are pathogenetically syntropical co- and polistigmata of the skin, which are of great diagnostic value. They allow an experienced doctor to suspect or to set the diagnosis before the special comprehensive examination and to determine the tactics of treatment. The most widespread disorders found in the cirrhotic patients were dyschromia, in particular, jaundice, spider nevi, palmar erythema, «cardinal» tongue, «paper-money» skin, «caput medusae», «lacquer» nails.
Conclusions. Chronic diffuse liver diseases are mainly accompanied by the pathogenic syntropic skin, its appendages and mucous membranes lesions, which are of important diagnostic value and help the experienced physician suspect or set the diagnose before a special comprehensive examination, choose the treatment tactics before the getting the results of this examination
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