1,720,957 research outputs found
Analyse et prédiction de la réponse d'une sélection de variétés de cotonnier (Gossypium hirsutum L.) à l'intensification agroécologique des systèmes de culture coton/vivrier au Bénin
No full textIn response to soil degradation and rainfall variability observed in the cotton-growing areas of Benin, agroecological cropping systems based on conservation agriculture are proposed as an alternative to conventional agricultural intensification based on deep ploughing and limited crop diversification. The former systems increase resilience and address the rapid decline in soil nutrients. However, their performance can be limited by pedoclimatic conditions and the use of unsuitable varieties. The aim of this thesis was to analyze the agronomic and physiological responses of 6 cotton varieties (Ang956, Okp768, Tamcot_camde, Oultan, Guazuncho2, S188) and to model their interaction with three agroecological cropping systems. There was the conventional system with cover crop biomass [Plough based Tillage with biomass Incorporation (PTI) ]; crop residue and cover crop mulching with Strip-Till [Conservation Agriculture with Strip Tillage (CA_ST)], and crop residue and cover crop mulching with No Till [Conservation Agriculture with No Tillage (CA_NT)] in comparison with the conventional system [Plough based Tillage and residue removal/incorporation (PT)] in the two largest cotton growing: central and northern Benin, respectively represented by Savalou and Soaodou. The first part of the thesis assessed the impact of these cropping systems on the agronomic performance of maize and cotton crops in rotation from 2020 to 2023, as well as on the physical and chemical soil properties and their underlying functions, using the Biofunctool® tool. After 4 years, the results show that the tilled system with green manure incorporation is the most favourable in Savalou, while the two conservation agriculture based systems, with minimum or no tillage performed better in Soaodou, due to differences between these sites in terms of soil properties, climate, and crop rotation. After calibrating and evaluating the CROPGRO-cotton model, the second part of the study highlighted a set of varietal traits specific to the Okp768 and Tamcot_camde cultivars, such as seed size, leaf thickness and late maturity, which promote seed cotton yield potential in agroecological cropping systems. The ideotypes created based on the combination of these traits guarantee optimal cultivar performance in the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 climate change scenarios by 2050.This study depicts an in-depth agroecological evaluation of cropping systems as part of a sustainable agricultural intensification agenda in Benin. It demonstrates the positive impact of the agroecological systems in relation to the pedoclimatic conditions and crop rotations, as well as the importance of varietal selection adapted to these systems. The results obtained can guide the improvement of cropping system design and serve as an indicator for integrating these varietal characteristics into future cotton breeding programs.Face à la dégradation des sols et aux perturbations pluviométriques dans les zones cotonnières du Bénin, des systèmes de culture agroécologiques basés sur l’absence de travail ou un travail du sol réduit, une couverture permanente du sol et des rotations culturales diversifiées sont proposés comme alternative à l’intensification agricole conventionnelle basée sur le labour et une faible diversification agricole. Ces systèmes augmentent la résilience et résolvent la baisse rapide des nutriments des sols. Cependant, leur performance peut être limitée par les conditions pédoclimatiques et le choix variétal inadapté. La thèse visait à analyser le fonctionnement agrophysiologique de 6 variétés de cotonnier (Ang956, Okp768, Tamcot_camde, Oultan, Guazuncho2, S188) et à modéliser leur interaction avec trois systèmes de culture agroécologiques. Ces systèmes étaient le système conventionnel avec enfouissement de la biomasse des plantes de couverture par le labour [Plough based Tillage with biomass Incorporation (PTI) en anglais]; agriculture de conservation avec strip tillage [Conservation Agriculture with Strip Tillage (CA_ST) en anglais], et agriculture de conservation sans labour [Conservation Agriculture with No Tillage (CA_NT) en anglais] en comparaison au système conventionnel [Plough based Tillage (PT) en anglais] dans les deux plus grandes zones de culture cotonnière au Bénin, le centre (Savalou) et le nord (Soaodou). La première partie de la thèse a évalué l'impact de ces systèmes sur les performances agronomiques des cultures de maïs et de coton en rotation de 2020 à 2023 ainsi que sur les propriétés physico-chimiques et les fonctions du sol via l’outil Biofunctool. Après 4 ans, les résultats montrent que le système labouré avec enfouissement d’un engrais vert est le plus favorable à Savalou, tandis que les deux systèmes en agriculture de conservation, sont plus adaptés à Soaodou, en raison des différences pédoclimatiques et de rotation des cultures entre ces sites. Après avoir calibré et évalué le modèle CROPGRO-cotton, la seconde partie de l'étude avait mis en évidence un ensemble de traits variétaux spécifiques des cultivars Okp768 et Tamcot_camde tels que la grosseur des graines, l'épaisseur des feuilles et une plus longue maturité qui sont adaptés à l’amélioration de rendement en coton graine dans les systèmes de culture agroécologiques. Les idéotypes créés sur la base de la combinaison de ces traits pourront garantir une bonne performance des cultivars dans les scénarios de changement climatique RCP 4.5 et RCP 8.5 à l'horizon 2050. Cette étude constitue une évaluation agroécologique approfondie des systèmes de culture dans le cadre d'un processus d'intensification agricole au Bénin. Elle démontre l'impact positif de ces systèmes en relation avec les conditions pédoclimatiques et les rotations culturales, ainsi que l'importance du choix variétal adapté à ces systèmes. Les résultats obtenus peuvent guider l'amélioration de la conception des systèmes de culture agroécologiques et servir d'indicateur pour intégrer ces caractéristiques variétales du cotonnier dans les futures activités de sélection variétale du programme d'amélioration du cotonnier au Bénin
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
