51 research outputs found
sj-docx-1-inq-10.1177_00469580231200602 – Supplemental material for Intention to Leave Nursing Profession and Its Associated Factors Among Nurses: A Facility Based Cross-Sectional Study
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-inq-10.1177_00469580231200602 for Intention to Leave Nursing Profession and Its Associated Factors Among Nurses: A Facility Based Cross-Sectional Study by Bulti Tadesse, Abebe Dechasa, Mulatu Ayana and Meseret Robi Tura in INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing</p
Amharic Oral Poems and Songs as Sources for Reconstructing a History of Shewa, Ethiopia (1703–1889)
No full textThe church and state institutions in the history of Ethiopia were considered literate. However, the majority of Ethiopians in general and Shewans in particular were non-literate. Moreover, peoples who were in the service of both the church and the state had no interest to record the day-to-day incidents in written form. These incidents were mainly maintained and transmitted from generation to generation orally by individuals who performed poems and songs. Thus, the main objective of this article is to explain how the daily political and socio-economic experiences of Shewa were preserved orally. It also attempts to analyse to what extent these experiences are reliable sources to reconstruct a history of the region (1703–1889). The oral poems and songs were collected from Amharic oral informants, books and manuscripts that were contributed by amateur historians.</jats:p
Ethiopian and Eritrean Askaris in Libya (1911- 1932)
No full textA number of books and articles were published on the three consecutive Italian wars in Libya and its resistances during the first three decades of the twentieth century. However, the role and experiences of the Ethiopian and Eritrean askaris were rarely studied. Thus, this article is an attempt to disclose their role in the wars, why they were interested in being employed by the Italians and why Italy relied heavily on them instead of the Italian soldiers and the Libyan askaris. Historical sources, like the memoires of Italian military commanders and the askaris, travellers’ accounts mainly that of journalists, correspondence documents, and popular songs particularly that of Tigrigna were consulted to write this article. Moreover, publications produced by military historians on the Italian wars in Libya were also referred. While starvation and famines, poverty, unemployment and maladministration were the driving force from Eritrea and Ethiopia; salary, military uniform, guns and bullets, rations, protections and relative freedom were some of the attractions from the Italian side for the Ethiopians and Eritreans to be employed as askaris. In relation to these, political expediency or loose aversion, cost, fighting skill and courage, adaptability to Libyan topography and loyalty were some of the qualities of Ethiopians and Eritrean askaris that initiated the Italians to rely on. As a result, about 68 battalions fought in the wars. In the process, the askaris were identified by their Italian commanders as “warlike race” and best soldiers in contrast to the Italian soldiers and Libyan collaborators
“Kǝtät Awaj”s1of Emperor Mǝnilǝk and Ḫailä Sǝlasse to counter the Italian Aggressions: A Comparative Text Analysis
No full textThe main objective of this article is to analyse the differences between the texts of “Kǝtät Awaj”s of Emperor Mǝnilǝk and Emperor Ḫailä Sǝlasse to counterthe Italian aggressions and the reasons behind their differences.The text versions used for the analysis were taken from the chronicles of Emperor Mǝnilǝk and Ḫailä Sǝlasse by Gäbrä Sǝlasse and Gäbrä Wälǝd respectively. Two parallel text analysis approaches, rhetorical criticism and content analysis, were employed. Accordingly, differences are observed between the two texts in terms of size, the historical setting in which they were written, way of addressing the peoples, techniques of selecting persuasive matters, declaring methods of providing food supplies, firearms, and ammunitions, confidences or wording tones of the emperors, identifications of a place of mobilizations and stating techniques of marches to the war fronts. The basic reasons behind these differences lie in the nature of the state apparatus and the level of centralization versus decentralisation of the government's political power
Rural Governance in Urban Space: A History of the City Management of Addis Ababa (1991- 2005)
No full textUrban management in its modern form has been introduced very recently in Ethiopian history. The earliest urban centers in the country were managed as garrisons and market centers. This paper is an attempt to analyze the historical experiences of the Ethiopian government in managing Addis Ababa during its early decade to the national election of 2005. For this purpose, the primary data were obtained through in-depth interviews as the major historical sources. Different documents were also consulted for the analysis. The sources indicate that the managements of the city during those decades were not successful and were characterized by failure to recognize that, “cities are engines of development”, “rural biased” government policies, lack of expertise and experiences in urbanism, and labelling some Ethiopian towns as “colonial”
“Kǝtät Awaj”s of Emperor Mǝnilǝk and Ḫailä Sǝlasse to counter the Italian Aggressions: A Comparative Text Analysis
No full textThe main objective of this article is to analyse the differences between the texts of “Kǝtät Awaj”s of Emperor Mǝnilǝk and Emperor Ḫailä Sǝlasse to counter theItalian aggressions and the reasons behind their differences. The text versions used for the analysis were taken from the chronicles of Emperor Mǝnilǝk andḪailä Sǝlasse by Gäbrä Sǝlasse and Gäbrä Wälǝd respectively. Two parallel text analysis approaches, rhetorical criticism and content analysis, were employed.Accordingly, differences are observed between the two texts in terms of size, the historical setting in which they were written, way of addressing the peoples,techniques of selecting persuasive matters, declaring methods of providing food supplies, firearms, and ammunitions, confidences or wording tones of theemperors, identifications of a place of mobilizations and stating techniques of marches to the war fronts. The basic reasons behind these differences lie in thenature of the state apparatus and the level of centralization versus decentralisation of the government's political power
Wars and Peasants in North Šäwa, Ethiopia (1855–1916)
No full textConflicts and wars are associated with Ethiopian monarchs throughout history. It might be assumed that the presence of a monarch in a certain province within the country would assure peace and security. However, the opposite appears to be true for much of the history of Ethiopia. North Šäwa experienced a number of wars, conflicts, and predatory raids when its autonomy and relative peace was disrupted by its subjugation to Emperor Tewodros II in 1855. This was followed by Šäwan resistance, a time labelled as a ‘period of anarchy’ by Šäwan authors. The return of Mǝnilǝk from Mäqdäla to Šäwa in 1865 also caused confrontations among power contenders of Šäwa. The transitional period between the reigns of Emperor Mǝnilǝk and Emperor Ḫaylä Śǝllase was also characterized by similar uncertainties which reached their climax in 1916. In a time of relative peace, the autumn of 1895, Šäwan peasants were forced to feed thousands of soldiers from the southern regions of the country on their way to ʿAdwa. The Battle of Sägäle in October 1916 fought on Šäwan soil had a catastrophic impact on the life of local peasantry that forced the government to promise compensation and rehabilitation, a rare practice at that time. Moreover the region was affected by different forms of intermittent conflicts on religious and ethnic pretexts. Interand intraethnic conflicts arose for both economic and cultural reasons. The article attempts to analyse the impacts of the recurrent wars on the life of north Šäwan peasants from 1855 to 1916
Ethiopian and Eritrean Askaris in Libya (1911- 1932)
No full textA number of books and articles were published on the three consecutive Italian wars in Libya and its resistances during the first three decades of the twentieth century. However, the role and experiences of the Ethiopian and Eritrean askaris were rarely studied. Thus, this article is an attempt to disclose their role in the wars, why they were interested in being employed by the Italians and why Italy relied heavily on them instead of the Italian soldiers and the Libyan askaris. Historical sources, like the memoires of Italian military commanders and the askaris, travellers’ accounts mainly that of journalists, correspondence documents, and popular songs particularly that of Tigrigna were consulted to write this article. Moreover, publications produced by military historians on the Italian wars in Libya were also referred. While starvation and famines, poverty, unemployment and maladministration were the driving force from Eritrea and Ethiopia; salary, military uniform, guns and bullets, rations, protections and relative freedom were some of the attractions from the Italian side for the Ethiopians and Eritreans to be employed as askaris. In relation to these, political expediency or loose aversion, cost, fighting skill and courage, adaptability to Libyan topography and loyalty were some of the qualities of Ethiopians and Eritrean askaris that initiated the Italians to rely on. As a result, about 68 battalions fought in the wars. In the process, the askaris were identified by their Italian commanders as “warlike race” and best soldiers in contrast to the Italian soldiers and Libyan collaborators.
Keywords: Askaris, Mercenaries, Resistances, Libyans, Italian
CHINA’S GROWING PRESENCE IN THE HORN OF AFRICA REGION SINCE 2000: AN INTEGRATING PARTNER?
No full textSeveral studies indicate that economic infrastructures play a great role in promoting regional integration. The increase in infrastructural investments demonstrates a certain convergence in advancing regional integration. To this end, this article intends to analyze whether or not China’s growing infrastructure investment since 2000 has been bringing about socio-political and economic integration in the Horn of Africa. Thus, the principal objective of this article is to critically examine the nature of Chinese infrastructure projects in the Horn of Africa from the perspective of regional integration. For the purpose of the present discussion a qualitative research approach was employed, and both primary and secondary data were collected and analyzed. Accordingly, the study proved that Chinese infrastructure projects haven’t played an integrative role in the Horn of Africa for different reasons: China’s little commitment to support regional peace and security initiatives; lack of a clear road map regarding the execution of various projects; lack of awareness concerning the role of RECs for integration; the existence of fragmented lending culture; uneven distribution of infrastructure projects between countries; and China’s greater obsession with national than regional matters are among them
Predictors of Art Adherence among People Living with Human Immune Virus Attending Treatment at Hospitals in West Shewa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia, 2015
No full textBack ground: Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) is a treatment for people living with HIV to help them to attain a maximal and durable suppression of the viral replication and prevention of the resistance. ARV regimens require adherence rate of at least 95.0% to achieve undetectable viral load, reduce the risk of drug-resistant HIV development and minimize recurrence of symptoms of AIDS. This study is aimed improve the information gap regarding adherence level and factors predicting the adherence of people to ART attending clinics of hospitals in west shoa zone of Oromia regional state, Ethiopia.Objectives: This is designed to identify predictors of ART adherence among people living with HIV and following ART treatment at hospitals in West Shewa Zone of Oromia Region, Ethiopia.Methodology: data for the study is conducted from January to March 2015. at public hospitals found in West Shewa Zone of Oromia Region. A cross sectional study design that includes quantitative and qualitative study type was employed. Participants were selected by computer generated simple random sampling method. The collected data was cleansed, edited, coded, entered to SPSS version 16.0 window and analyzed. Multiple logistic regressions model is used to identify the predicting factors of ART adherence. Result: A total of 326 people living with HIV/AIDS were participated in the study. From the participated clients, 66.2% of them achieved the recommended high level adherence. Being a jobless (has no job) (AOR= 0.005, 95% CI= 0.035-0.559), being on ART for 12-24 months (AOR= 8.9, 95% CI=2.816-28.0556), good knowledge of the importance of ART drug (AOR= 0.039, 95% CI=0.019-0.079) and being bored with drug consumption sometimes only (AOR=2.718, 95% CI=1.077-6.860) are factors significantly independently predicting ART adherence among people living with human immune virus. Traveling distance, felt depressed at dosing time, being busy with other work and long distance to facility were among the participants reason for not taking doses but these are not significantly associated with the adherence rate. Conclusion and Recommendation: From this study it was seen that ART adherence is not satisfactory to achieve the intended treatment outcome. Occupational status, duration of ART usage, knowledge of ART benefit and being bored with drug consumption are the statically significant predictors of ART adherence. So that ART treatment adherence enhancing program should target the client’s knowledge of the importance of the drugs, personal behaviors and work condition of the community. Keywords: ART, PLHIV, drug adherence
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