1,720,953 research outputs found
Effect of Column Stiffness on Consolidation Behavior of Stone Column-Treated Clay
Get PDFStone columns have been proved an effective ground improvement technique. The increase in land prices and the existence of soft clay deposits in many areas around the world has encouraged the use and development of this technique. Stone columns can be used to accelerate the consolidation of soft clay deposits through two mechanisms. First, the stone columns act as vertical drains that provide additional drainage path for excess pore water pressure to dissipate. Second, they reduce the excess pore water pressure by transferring more load from the soil to the columns because they are stiffer than the surrounding soil. Stone columns may not work well in very soft soil due to bulging of the columns. Woven geotextile has been used to minimize bulging of the columns and improve their performance (capacity and stiffness). For the geotextile encased stone columns, geotextile filtration adds another benefit by minimizing fine particles migrating from the surrounding soil into the stone columns and maintaining their high permeability in a long term. The increased stiffness of the stone columns by the geotextile is expected to have an effect on the consolidation rate. However, this effect has not been well investigated. This study investigated the effect of column stiffness on the consolidation behavior and the stress transfer mechanism of the stone column-reinforced foundation through several small-scale model tests. Both ordinary and geotextile encased stone columns were utilized. For comparison purposes, a special PVD “column” was formed, which had nearly zero stiffness. In each test, a soil bed was first formed from a slurry by preloading in a rigid steel chamber with a dimension of 280 mm in diameter and 450 mm in height. A model stone column of 100 mm in diameter was installed in the center of the soil bed to the bottom of the steel chamber. Piezometers were placed inside the chamber at different depths and distances to the center to measure the generation and dissipation of excess pore water pressure. The pressure was applied in increments on a steel plate seated on the soil. After the application of each pressure increment, the pressure was maintained until the plate displacement was smaller than 1 mm/day. The vertical stress transfer between the soft soil and the column was monitored by earth pressure cells on the soil and the column. The test results show that the ordinary stone columns effectively reduced the consolidation time by 25%, as compared with the PVD “column”, while the encased stone columns further reduced the time by 40%. The ordinary stone columns also reduced the settlement by 36% as compared with the PVD “column” while the encased columns further reduced the settlement by 56%. The test results show that the stone columns with and without geotextile encasement carried more load than the surrounding soil. The steady stress concentration ratio, defined as the stress on the column to that on the soil, was found in the range of 4 to 6 for ordinary stone columns while it ranged from 4 to 11 for the encased stone columns. The modulus improvement factor, defined as the modulus of the PVD “column” treated foundation to that of a stone column treated foundation, was found to be 1.7 and 2.4 for the ordinary and encased stone columns, respectively. Finally, the theoretical solutions developed by Han and Ye (2001, 2002) were used to compare with the test results. The comparisons show good agreement between the theoretical solutions and the test results
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
