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Corrections to the \u3ci\u3eEretmocerus\u3c/i\u3e (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) of Egypt and the validation of two new species
No full textAbd-Rabou and Evans (2002) described Eretmocerus aegypticus Evans and Abd-Rabou and Eretmocerus parasiphonini Evans and Abd-Rabou. According to Article 16.4 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) (1999), for a name to be available, the author(s) of papers published after 1999, must accompany the description with a statement of intent as to where the primary type is deposited or to be deposited. Since the authors inadvertently did not state where the primary type for each species was to be deposited, the names of both of these species have been unavailable. To rectify this situation and comply with the requirements of the ICNZ, we wish to state that the holotype of Eretmocerus aegypticus Evans and Abd-Rabou and Eretmocerus parasiphonini Evans and Abd-Rabou are deposited in the United States Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA. We thank Dr. John Noyes, for bringing this error to our attention
Two new species of the genus Encarsia Foerster (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) from Iran
No full textDuring the investigation on aphelinid materials in Iran, two undescribed species belonging to the genus
Encarsia
Foerster including,
Encarsia macoensis
Abd-Rabou and Ghahari n.sp., a parasitoid of
Bemisia tabaci
(Genn.) and
Encarsia axacaliae
Abd-Rabou and Ghahari n.sp., a parasitoid of
Axacalia spiranthi
Danzig were recognized. This paper presents descriptions and illustrations of the new species as well as the key for the
Encarsia
species in Iran
Pteroptrix aegyptica Evans and Abd-Rabou, n. sp.
No full text<i>Pteroptrix aegyptica</i> Evans and Abd­Rabou n. sp. <p>Female (Figs. 1–6). Length: 1.0– 1.2 mm.</p> <p> <i>Diagnosis</i></p> <p> The female of <i>Pteroptrix aegyptica</i> is most similar to <i>Pteroptrix arabica</i> (Ferriére) described from <i>Parlatoria blanchardi</i> (Targioni Tozzetti) from Saudia Arabia, but differs in having the head brown, the midlobe of the mesoscutum brown with a pale, central triangular­shaped area, F3 and F4 antennal segments each slightly wider than long, the marginal fringe 0.9–1.0x as long as fore wing width, and the male F3 antennal segment quadrate; whereas the female of P. arabica, has the head yellow, the midlobe of the mesoscutum completely brown, F3 and F4 each about 1.25x as long as wide and the marginal fringe 0.8x as long as fore wing width, and the male F3 antennal segment transverse.</p> <p> <i>Description</i></p> <p> <b>Color</b> (Fig. 1) — Body dark brown except pale yellow triangular­shaped area on mid lobe of mesocutum, side lobes, scutellum and metanotum; legs yellow except for fuscous hind femur and basal two­thirds of middle and hind tibiae; fore wing hyaline (clear) with area under marginal vein to the posterior margin of the forewing, and the distal half of submarginal vein narrowly infuscate.</p> <p> <b>Head</b> with length/width measurements (μm) and length/width ratios of antennal segments (Fig. 3) as follows: radicle 52.5/20 = 1.5, scape 135/35 = 3.9, pedicel 75/42.5 = 1.8, F1 35/37.5 = 0.9, F 2 25/35 = 0.7, F3 37.5/40 = 0.9, F4 37.5/40 = 0.9, F5 70/37.5 = 1.9, F6 100/27.5 = 3.6. Mandibles (Fig. 6) with 3 teeth, glossa (Fig. 5) with 1 pair of pegs.</p> <p> <b>Mesosoma</b> (Fig. 1) with 5 setae on midlobe of mesoscutum arranged as 2+1+2; axillae elongate, each with 1 moderately long seta arising about at the center of the axilla; scutellum with placoid sensillae widely separated by a distance of about 14x the diameter of 1 sensillum; anterior pair of setae (Sc1) very short, less than 0.33x as long as the posterior pair (Sc2).</p> <p> <b>Fore wing</b> (Fig. 4) — narrow, length 780; maximum width of wing 225; disk length 312.5; longest seta of marginal fringe 212.5; forewing width 0.72x forewing disk; marginal fringe 0.94x forewing width; submarginal vein with 1 seta, marginal vein with 3 long setae along the anterior margin, costal cell with one short seta located at about half its length and 2 long setae located at the apex near the base of the marginal vein, 2 basal group setae; disk setae sparse.</p> <p> <b>Legs</b> (Fig. 2) with 4­4­4 tarsal formula; spur of middle tibia (70) 1.27x as long as corresponding basitarsus (55).</p> <p> <b>Gaster</b> very elongate, 2.5x as long as mesosoma and 1.6x as long as mesosoma and head combined; ovipositor (317.5) arising at level of base of tergite V, 1.3x longer than middle tibia (245); valvulae III very short (55), about 0.17x as long as ovipositor.</p> <p> <b>Male</b> (Fig 7). Similar to female in coloration and structure, but can be easily distinguished from the females by the relative lengths of antennal segments, especially that of the first 3 segments of the funicle (F1–F3). These segments are elongate in the male, with F1 and F3 each about 2x as long as wide, and F2 is quadrate; whereas in the female, the F1 and F3 segments are quadrate and F2 is transverse.</p> <p> <i>Specimens examined and deposition</i></p> <p> Holotype female (slide mounted). Egypt, El­Arish (Northern Sinai), 11.x.1997, S.Abd­Rabou, ex <i>Parlatoria blanchardi</i> (Targioni Tozzetti) [Diaspididae] on <i>Phoenix dactylifera</i> L. [Arecaceae]; deposited in USNM. Paratypes: 1 female in PPRI, and 4 males (slide mounted), same collection data as holotype in USNM and PPRI.</p> <p> <i>Discussion</i></p> <p> Using Prinsloo and Neser’s (1990) key to the world species of <i>Archenomus</i> Howard (a junior synonym of <i>Pteroptrix</i>), this new species would key out to <i>Pteroptrix arabica</i> (Ferriére) described by Ferriére (1970) from <i>Parlatoria blanchardi</i> from Saudia Arabia, and would be placed in the <i>Pteroptrix bicolor</i> group as defined by Prinsloo and Neser (1990). Unlike most species in this group, the forewings of both <i>P. arabica</i> and <i>P. aegyptica</i> are very narrow with a very long marginal fringe, almost as long as the maximum width of the forewing. <i>Pteroptrix aegyptica</i> was collected from El­Arish (Northern Sinai) which has a moderate temperature and high relative humidity. Its host, <i>Parlatoria blanchardi,</i> attacks the date palm, <i>Phoenix dactylifera,</i> one of the most important crops in Egypt.</p>Published as part of <i>Evans, Gregory A. & Abd-Rabou, Shaaban, 2005, Two new species, and additional records, of aphelinids from Egypt (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), pp. 1-7 in Zootaxa 838</i> on pages 2-4, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/170694">10.5281/zenodo.170694</a>
Encarsia perconfusa Evans and Abd-Rabou, n. sp.
No full textEncarsia perconfusa Evans and AbdRabou, n. sp. Female (Figs. 8–11). Length: 0.9 mm. Diagnosis Encarsia perconfusa is very similar to Encarsia confusa Hayat, described from Aleurolobus sp. in India (Hayat, 1989), but differs by having the ovipositor distinctly shorter (0.82 x) than the length of the midtibia, the maximum width of the forewing longer than the length of the forewing disk and with 10–11 long basal setae below the submarginal vien, and the F 3 antennal segment slightly longer than F 2; whereas in E. confusa, the ovipositor is subequal to the length of the midtibia, the maximum width of forewing is as long as the forewing disk and with 7–8 shorter basal setae below the submarginal vein, and with F 3 is slightly shorter than F 2. Description Color: Body yellow, head with dark brown transverse line above the clypeus, antennae and legs yellow with F 6 fuscous; wings hyaline (clear). Head with the following length/width measurements (μm) and length/width ratios of antennal segments (Fig. 10): radicle 52.5 / 15 = 3.5; scape 145 / 30 = 4.8; pedicel 50 / 32.5 = 1.5, F 1 45 / 22.5 = 2.0, F 2 51.7 / 22.5 = 2.3, F 3 62.5 / 25 = 2.5, F 4 62.5 / 30 = 2.1, F 5 62.5 / 32.5 = 1.9, F 6 60 / 32.5 = 1.8. Number of linear sensillae on F 1 –F 6: 0, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3, respectively. Mandible with 3 teeth and glossa with 2 pairs of pegs. Mesosoma (Fig 8) midlobe of mesoscutum with many small hexagonally shaped cells and with 4 pairs of setae arranged as 4 + 2 + 2, axillae with many small, elongate cells and with one relatively long seta arising from the anterior third and extending to the basal third of the axilla; scutellum with many hexagonal cells, anterior pair of setae (Sc 1) shorter than posterior pair (Sc 2), placoid sensillae separated by distance of 5.7 x the diameter of one sensillum. Each hexagonal cell on mesosoma with short intercellar lines as in Encarsia luteola Howard. Forewing (Fig. 11) length 700.0; forewing disk 257.5; maximum width of forewing 330.0; longest seta of marginal fringe 72.5; forewing width 1.3 x forewing disk; marginal fringe 0.2 x forewing width; forewing uniformly setose, basal group with 10–11 long setae, marginal vein with 10 setae along its anterior margin and 2 pterostigmal setae present at its base. Legs (Fig. 9) tibia of middle leg (252.5) with apical spur 0.6 x as long as corresponding basitarsus; tarsal formula 5 5 5. Gaster elongate with narrow reticulate band at the base; ovipositor (205) arising at the level of tergite IV and 0.81 x as long as tibia II; valvulae III (55) moderately long, 0.3 x as long as ovipositor. Male unknown. Specimen examined and deposition Holotype female (slide mounted), Egypt: Aswan, i. 2003, S. AbdRabou, ex. Tetraleurodes leguminicola BinkMoenen on Acacia tortilis (Forsk.) Hayne; deposited in USNM. Etymology This species is named for its similarity to Encarsia confusa Hayat which was named as such because it could be easily confused with Encarsia transvena (Timberlake), a junior synonym of E. sophia (Girault and Dodd); the prefix “per” is added to its name which means “very”. Discussion This species is tentatively placed in the Encarsia lahorensis species group, which was first designated by Viggiani and Mazzone (1979). Later, Hayat (1989) broadened the concept of this species group to include species that have more than two pairs of setae on the mesoscutum. Encarsia perconfusa differs from most of the other species currently placed in this group by having the midtibial spur much shorter than the corresponding basitarsus and more than two pairs of setae on the mesoscutum. Hayat (1998) suggested that E. confusa may be a synonym of Encarsia galilea Rivnay, described from Bemisia afer (Priesner and Hosny) in Israel. Of the species of Encarsia known from Egypt, E. perconfusa is most similar to Encarsia protransvena Viggiani, but can be distinguished from that species by having the placoid sensillae of the scutellum widely separated; whereas in E. protransvena, the placoid sensillae are closely placed, separated by a distance of less than the diameter of one sensillum. Its whitefly host, Tetraleurodes leguminicola, attacks sunt (Acacia spp.), a tree widely distributed throughout Upper Egypt where it is used for lumber. Additional records In addition, the following aphelinids were reared from the following hosts in Egypt: 1) Encarsia perniciosi (Tower), reared from Lepidosaphes pallida (Maskell) on mango (Mangifera indica L.), Sharquia, Egypt, I. 2003, S. AbdRabou. 2) Marietta leopardina Motschulsky, a hyperparasite, emerged from Saissetia coffeae (Walker) on olive (Olea sp.), Northern Coast of Egypt, 1.vii. 1997, S. AbdRabou; from Chrysomphalus dictyospermi (Morgan) on Ficus retusa ssp. nitida (Th.) Miq., Qalyubiya, ix. 2002, S. AbdRabou; from Aonidiella citrina (Coquillett) on rose (Rosa sp.), South Sinai, i. 2000. S. AbdRabou; from Parlatoria ziziphi (Lucas) on Citrus sp., Giza, vi. 1999, S. AbdRabou; and from Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell) on Ficus retusa ssp. nitida, Isna Qena, v. 2001, S. AbdRabou.Published as part of Evans, Gregory A. & Abd-Rabou, Shaaban, 2005, Two new species, and additional records, of aphelinids from Egypt (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), pp. 1-7 in Zootaxa 838 on pages 4-6, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17069
The efficacy of indigenous and imported predators utilized in the biological control of Bemisia tabaci biotype „B” (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in greenhouse
No full textThe silver leaf whitefly,Bemisia tabaci biotype „B ”(Homoptera:Aleyrodidae)is one of the most serious vegetable and ornamental plants pest in Egypt.Predators play an important role in controlling this species. The present work deals with the abundance of indigenous predators in greenhouse on three host plants mostly of vegetable crops during April –July,1996.Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens)(Neuropteran: Chrysopidae)is considered the most abundant predator acting on Bemisia. In the meantime,the work deals also with the potential of the imported predators,namely Delphastus pusillus Le Conte (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)and Macrophillus caliginosus (Wagner)(Hemip- tera :Miridae).These predators were released 3 times on eggplant (Solanum melongena)and at the ratio of 1 individual and 2 individuals/plant for D.pusillus and M.caliginosus,respectively.Results indicate that predators increased in numbers while whitefly population decreased in comparison to control homologues. Biotype B.tabaci was identified in John Innes Center,UK and recorded by Abd-Rabou (1999) in Egypt as first recorded for presence of this biotype
New records of encyrtid (Encyrtidae: hymenoptera) parasitoids of scale insects (Coccoidea: Hemiptera) in Egypt
No full textThe family Encyrtidae is one of the largest families among the Chalcidoidea with over 3000 nominal species known throughout the world of which thirty-eight have been recorded in Egypt (Abd-Rabou, 2006). It represents the largest group of natural enemies of soft scales (Coccidae: Hemiptera) with several hundred species in 45 genera. Prinsloo (1997) provided an excellent review and key to the genera of encyrtids associated with soft scale insects. The following represents the results of a survey of encyrtid parasitoids associated with scale insects in Egypt (Hemiptera: Cocciodea) conducted in 2009
The mealybugs (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) of Egypt
No full textThe Egyptian fauna of mealybugs (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) is reviewed and an illustrated key to the 30 genera and 54 species is provided. Phenacoccus madeirensis Green is reported for the first time in Egypt. A new genus, Ezzatacoccus Evans and Abd-Rabou, is described and illustrated with Amonostherium arabicum Ezzat, 1960 designated as its type species. Octococcus salicicola Priesner and Hosny, 1935 is reinstated as a valid taxon and transferred to Misericoccus Ferris, new combination. Ripersia cressae Hall is transferred to Maconellicoccus Ezzat, new combination and Planococcus lindingeri (Bodenheimer) is transferred back to Formicococcus Takahashi, revised status
A half-century of metal and metalloid-containing polymers
No full textAlaa S. Abd-El-Aziz ... [et al.]; Includes bibliographical references and indexes.; Editor, Alaa S. Abd-El-Aziz, is currently President of the University of Prince Edward Island.Source type: Electronic(1
Phenacoccus halli Ezzat 1962
No full text<i>Phenacoccus halli</i> Ezzat, 1962 <p>(Figure 29, after Mohammed et al. 1995)</p> <p> <b>Taxonomy.</b> <i>Phenacoccus halli</i> Priesner and Hosny 1935. Type data. EGYPT: Giza, Pyramids, on roots of <i>Anthemis</i> sp., 10.iv.1930, collector unknown; lectotype and paralectotype designated by Mohammed et al. 1995: 501; Ezzat 1962d: 163-164.</p> <p> <b>Hosts in Egypt.</b> <i>Anthemis</i> sp. (Priesner and Hosny 1935).</p> <p> <b>Distribution in Egypt.</b> Pyramids (Priesner and Hosny 1935; Ezzat 1962d).</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Mohammed et al. (1995) provided a description and illustration of this species. Ezzat (1962) credited Priesner and Hosny (1935) with the authorship of the species; however, the paper he referred to has no mention of this species. Based on Ezzat’s (1962d) brief description of the species, he is considered the author of the species.</p>Published as part of <i>Evans, Gregory A. & Abd-Rabou, Shaaban, 2023, The mealybugs (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) of Egypt, pp. 1-83 in Insecta Mundi 2023 (999)</i> on page 22, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10832115">10.5281/zenodo.10832115</a>
al-Misbāh fī al-Nahw By Nāsir al-Dīn al-Mutarrizī al-Nahwī (d. 610/1213) A Critical Edition of the Text with the Life History of the Author
No full textNāsir al-Dīn al-Mutarrizī al-Nahwī (d.610/1213) was one of the most renowned figures in the field of Arabic Grammar. He has left an indelible mark on the world of Arabic language and literature. He is also known as the successor of al-Zamakhsharī.
He wrote a number of books but his al-Misbāh fī al-Nahw gained prominence at a level that no other book in this field could claim to achieve. For this reason, a great number of commentaries have been written in every age, of which the most famous are al-Daw and Khulāsat al-I‘rāb written by Tāj al-Dīn al-Isfrā’īnī and ‘Abd al- Karīm al-Tūsī (better known as Hājjī Bābā) respectively. Moreover, its translation into other languages also demonstrates its value as a useful book.
Although al-Misbāh has been edited on more than one occasion, the published editions do not fulfil the needs and requirements of modern academic research criteria. The basic aim of this thesis is to present this book with a current modern research style so that the students, teachers and ordinary readers of Arabic language and literature may benefit from this work.
This thesis is divided into two parts. The first part deals with the life history of the author and his other works. A brief note of the environment under which he grew up (generally referred to as the ‘Seljuk’ period) is also included in this part.
The second part consists of a text edition that deals with the derivation (Takhrīj) of syntactical issues together with the differing opinions of grammarians on syntactical/grammatical issues. This part also proffers the idiomatic English translation of al-Misbāh
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