1,720,961 research outputs found
Insulin Versus Established GLP-1 Receptor Agonists, DPP-4 Inhibitors, and SGLT-2 Inhibitors for Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
No full textLimited head-to-head studies compare established glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4is), and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) to insulin in the management of uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of traditional GLP-1 RAs, DPP-4is, and SGLT-2is compared with insulin. Comprehensive searches were conducted in the Cochrane Database, PubMed, MEDLINE, ClinicalTrials.gov, and EMBASE for publications from January 2010 to June 2022, with an additional search extended through June 2025 to capture newly published studies. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing insulin with established GLP-1 RAs, DPP-4is, or SGLT-2is were included. Thirteen trials involving 5,807 participants were identified. Nine trials compared GLP-1 RAs to insulin, four compared DPP-4is to insulin, and one examined SGLT-2i combined with DPP-4i versus insulin. Compared with insulin, traditional non-insulin agents were associated with greater reductions in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (mean difference (MD) = -0.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.5 to -0.03), body weight (MD = -3.27, 95% CI -4.16 to -2.38), and systolic blood pressure (MD = -3.55, 95% CI -4.92 to -2.17). Insulin use carried a higher relative risk of hypoglycemia (risk ratio (RR) = 2.24, 95% CI 1.88-2.67). Subgroup analyses showed that GLP-1 RAs were superior to insulin in reducing HbA1c and hypoglycemic events, whereas DPP-4is achieved similar glycemic control with improved safety profiles. These findings suggest that established GLP-1 RAs, DPP-4is, and SGLT-2is offer superior or comparable efficacy with better safety than insulin in insulin-naïve patients with uncontrolled T2DM
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Prevalence, predictors, and in-hospital outcomes of ST-elevation myocardial infarction among young adults without traditional cardiovascular risk factors in the United States
No full textBackground: Standard Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factors (SMuRF) such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and smoking have long been established in the etiology of atherosclerotic disease. Studies suggest that patients without any of these risk factors (SMuRF-less) who present with ST-elevation myocardial infarction have worse outcomes.
Methods: The National Inpatient Sample databases (2016 to 2020) was queried to identify STEMI admissions as a principal diagnosis using ICD 10 codes. The study population aged 18 to 45 years were divided into cohorts of SMuRF and SMuRF-less based on the presence of ≥1 risk factor (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and smoking), and in-hospital outcomes were compared.
Results: 41,990 patients were identified as the final study population. 38,495 patients were identified as SMuRF, and 3495 patients were SMuRF-less. Compared to SMuRF patients, SMuRF-less patients are more likely to be females (23.2 % vs. 21.2 %), have congestive heart failure (16.6 % vs. 13.7 %, p \u3c 0.01) but less likely to have obesity (13.7 % vs 28.0 %, p \u3c 0.01) In evaluating outcomes, SMuRF-less patients had higher adjusted in-hospital mortality (aOR 2.6, CI 1.5-4.2, p \u3c 0.01), Cardiogenic shock (aOR 1.8, CI 1.3-2.5, p \u3c 0.01), acute kidney injury (aOR 1.4, CI 1.0-1.9, p = 0.02), and Extramembrane Corporeal Oxygenation (aOR 4.1, CI 1.1-15.1, p = 0.03). Fluid and electrolyte abnormalities was an independent predictor of mortality among SMuRF-less patients (aOR 3.82, CI 1.3-11.2, p \u3c 0.01).
Conclusion: Young patients who present with STEMI and have no traditional cardiovascular risk factors have worse in-hospital outcomes. Further research is needed to evaluate the impact of non-traditional risk factors on acute myocardial infarction
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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