130 research outputs found
sj-pdf-1-jva-10.1177_11297298231202538 – Supplemental material for Radial artery patency outcomes with saline flushing of the radial sheath after coronary intervention: A prospective cohort study
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-1-jva-10.1177_11297298231202538 for Radial artery patency outcomes with saline flushing of the radial sheath after coronary intervention: A prospective cohort study by Aatika Habib, Waleed Abbasi, Abair ul Haq, Sadaf Shabbir Kiani, Parversh Kumar Rathi, Sidra Sheikh, Usha Rathi, Amin Mehmoodi and Jahanzeb Malik in The Journal of Vascular Access</p
Correction
Full text linkArticle title: The dynamic role of sustainable development goals to eradicate the
multidimensional poverty: evidence from emerging economy
Authors: Yufei Cao, Aftab Hussain Tabasam, Syed Ahtsham Ali, Anam Ashiq, Carlos
Samuel Ramos-Meza, Vipin Jain and Malik Shahzad Shabbir
Journal: Economic Research-Ekonomska Istrazivanja
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2022.2153715
When this article was first published online, the affiliation of the last author ‘Malik
Shahzad Shabbir’ was set incorrectly. This has now been corrected as follows and
republished online.
‘Lahore Business School, University of Lahore, Pakistan
Correction
Full text linkWhen this article was first published online, the affiliation of the last author ‘Malik
Shahzad Shabbir’ was set incorrectly. This has now been corrected as follows and
republished onlin
Automating Behavior-based Ransomware Analysis, Detection, and Classification Using Machine Learning
No full textRansomware is malware that hijacks a victim's data using encryption and demands a ransom in exchange for the decryption key. Ransomware has gained prominence due to its attack vector and the irreversible nature of damage to data. Ransomware has indiscriminately attacked individuals and organizations worldwide, disrupting their businesses and services. The number of successful ransomware attacks across the globe highlights the inadequacy of existing ransomware defense.
Static and dynamic analysis are two popular approaches to malware analysis. The former does not require execution of the malware binary, whereas the latter requires executing the binary in a controlled environment. Static analysis-based detection, e.g., signature-matching, is widely adopted by commercial antivirus solutions but can be thwarted by evasion techniques, e.g., polymorphism and code obfuscation, utilized in modern malware. Consequently, dynamic analysis-based or behavior-based detection approaches have gained popularity because malware behavior cannot be changed entirely across its variants. Both signature and behavior-based detection complement each other.
Behavior-based ransomware detection comes with certain challenges and problems, such as data high-dimensionality that occurs because a process may execute thousands of API calls per second. Manual inspection of these API calls for feature engineering requires an expert and is a time-intensive task. Another problem with some existing ransomware detection models is the reliance on handcrafted malice scoring functions that assign scores to the processes describing their threat levels.
Other challenges to ransomware detection research include the limited availability of ransomware data sets that can be used with Machine Learning (ML) methods and their reuse scope. The scope of reuse of available data sets is limited because of their format, e.g., sequential data may be used with recurrent neural networks but not with commonly used ML-based classification algorithms, and focus, e.g., network activity and filesystem activity. For the above-mentioned reasons, ransomware detection research is generally followed by ransomware analysis. However, to the best of our knowledge, not many of the existing ransomware behavior analysis studies discuss the challenges involved in the process.
This thesis aims to automate the solutions to the problems related to ransomware behavior detection and classification using evolutionary computation methods, i.e., particle swarm optimization and genetic programming, and deep neural networks, i.e., long short-term memory.
This thesis proposes a wrapper feature selection method to address the high dimensionality in ransomware behavior data. The proposed method utilizes particle swarm optimization to automatically select a suitable number of features from each feature group and therefore does not require expert input. This thesis further proposes an automated method of evolving malice scoring models for ransomware detection. The proposed method formulates the problem as a symbolic regression problem and solves it using genetic programming. Unlike existing methods, the proposed method does not require expert knowledge to design the model.
Furthermore, this thesis proposes an automated behavior analysis framework for highlighting challenges associated with ransomware behavior analysis and solutions to these challenges. Finally, this thesis proposes a new representation of the API call sequences that combines the API call names and important call arguments. The proposed representation of the API call sequences helped improve ransomware early detection performance. All the methods proposed in this thesis either automate the existing manual solutions or achieve comparable or better performance compared to existing methods.</p
Visit to Pakistani Women's Madrasas: April 2007
Full text linkI visited five women's madrasas, in addition to meeting separately with other male madrasa leaders and briefly sitting in on Hafiz Khalil and Shabbir Ahmed's own 10-day workshop. The report documents the experiences of the author touring women's madrasas in Pakistan
Retraction note: Assessment of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) Induced Hepatotoxicity and Ameliorative Effects of <em>Cinnamomum cassia</em> in Sprague-Dawley Rats (<em>Biological Trace Element Research</em>, (2018), 182, 1, (57-69), 10.1007/s12011-017-1074-3)
No full text\ua9 The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.The Editors-in-Chief have retracted this article after concerns were raised about data presented in Tables 2, 4, and 5 and error bars in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 12, 13, 14, and 15. The authors failed to provide raw data and evidence of ethical approval. The Editors-in-Chief therefore have lost confidence in the data presented in this article. Authors, Muhammad Shakeel, Farhat Jabeen, and Sadia Zafar do not agree to this retraction. Authors, Rehana Iqbal, Abdul Shakoor Chaudhry, Muhammad Ali, Muhammad Saleem Khan, Adeel Khalid, Samina Shabbir, and Muhammad Saleem Asghar have not responded to any correspondence from the editor/publisher about this retraction
To Study the Fetomaternal Outcomes of Pregnancy with Obesity- Retrospective Case-Control Study
Full text linkIncreasing incidence has been seen among women of reproductive age with every one out of five women being affected by obesity. Obesity poses unfavorable outcomes for both mother and child causing ten percent of gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia, neonatal deaths
A deconstruction of factors that affect performance of women entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia
Full text linkFemale entrepreneurship in Western countries has received ample research interest over the last decade. Research about female entrepreneurs in the Middle East and North Africa Region (MENA) and particularly in Saudi Arabia is, however, still in its infancy. Little is known about the financial and business support resources available to these women, or whether or not the specific needs of female entrepreneurs in Saudi Arabia are effectively met by the available economic and financial infrastructure. The aim of the present research study is twofold. Firstly, the author attempts to assess the role of non-government and non-profit organisations in providing financial support and business development services (BDS) such as training, information and advice to female entrepreneurs in Saudi Arabia. Secondly, the author attempts to identify the specific needs of female entrepreneurs or women who wish to start a business. These aims are reached by surveying available financial programmes and business development programs (BDS) in Saudi Arabia. This part of the study relies on a thorough review of research literature and the evaluation of available financing and business programmes. Thirdly, primary data are collected from businesswomen in Saudi Arabia who run their own small or medium enterprise or who plan to start their own business in the foreseeable future and have already taken steps to start their own business. The author conducted one-on-one interviews with 30 Saudi business women to identify their needs, personal experiences, and perceived barriers that hinder their ability to run or start a business in Saudi Arabia. The author uses a semi-structured interview format to collect data. The expected results of the research were twofold: (1) the analysis conducted as part of this study is expected to uncover the main difficulties that female entrepreneurs are facing in Saudi Arabia when running their own business; (2) the study’s results provide insights that allow the researcher to determine whether or not the assistance of non-profit organisations is actually helpful in this area. The study’s findings are also expected to have implications for policy makers trying to boost female entrepreneurship.The present study made several significant findings; specifically, female entrepreneurs desire access to better training not only to hone their entrepreneurial skills but also to take advantage of the affordances of modern communication technologies. Secondly, cultural norms and tribalism hold women back from reaching their full potential as entrepreneurs. This not only has negative effects on women’s access to financing, but also on their abilities to access education and other resources. Moreover, the financing options for women are very limited; except for one state-sponsored program women were not aware of other “official channels” they could use to finance their businesses. Non-governmental organizations such as professional organizations for women are still lacking; participants expressed their wish that such organizations would expand their offerings to women. Female entrepreneurs highlighted the importance of social support networks, especially families and male relatives (fathers, husbands) in setting up their business and becoming successful. And lastly, women were motivated to become entrepreneurs out of a desire to become self-sufficient and make a positive contribution to their community.The findings of this study make significant contributions to the scant body of research on female entrepreneurs in Saudi Arabia in that they shed light on the specific barriers women encounter. Moreover, the study highlights the importance of social support networks in the population of female entrepreneurs in Saudi Arabia and demonstrates how cultural norms, tribalism, and conservative family values permeate Saudi Arabia’s bureaucracy and financial institutions and thus create barriers for women.The major limitation of the study is its qualitative research design. While the author expected to obtain rich qualitative data that helps gain a deeper understanding of female entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia, findings of the study cannot be generalized to the entire population of Saudi female entrepreneurs. Moreover, this type of research is also prone to self-report bias. Given the specific cultural context of the study, self-report bias may take on two forms. Women may either overstate or understate their business success or the barriers they experience. Secondly, participants may not be willing to freely speak their mind on the subject under consideration because of social and cultural conventions that prevent them from doing so. The author expects that some answers will have social desirability bias (Creswell, 2009). Building effective rapport and trust with participants will therefore be of paramount importance to obtain unbiased responses.Despite these limitations, the author hopes to make a valuable contribution on which other researchers and policy makers can build. The author provides a comprehensive list of recommendations arising from the findings from the study. The recommendations not only address gaps in research and suggestions for future research but also give practical advice to policy makers, the Saudi government and NGO stakeholders seeking to boost female entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia
Deep stylometry and lexical and syntactic features based author attribution on PLoS digital repository
No full textIn this paper, we address the problem of author attribution through unsupervised clustering using lexical and syntactic features and novel deep learning based Stylometric model. For this purpose, we download all available 158918 publications accessible till 1 July 2015 from PLOS.org - an open access digital repository of full text publications. After pre-processing, out of these, we use 803 single authored publications written by 203 unique authors. For unsupervised modeling, stylometric markers such as lexical and syntactic features are used as a distance matrix by employing k-Means clustering algorithm. For supervised modeling, we present a novel long short-term memory (LSTM) based deep learning model that predicts the testing accuracy of a given publication written by an author. Finally, our unsupervised model shows that 88.17% authors are classified into correct cluster (all papers written by the same author) with at most 0.2 coefficient of Entropy error. While our deep learning based model consistently shows above 95% accuracy across all the given testing samples of publications written by an author with an average loss of 0.21
A deconstruction of factors that affect performance of women entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia
Full text linkFemale entrepreneurship in Western countries has received ample research interest over the last decade. Research about female entrepreneurs in the Middle East and North Africa Region (MENA) and particularly in Saudi Arabia is, however, still in its infancy. Little is known about the financial and business support resources available to these women, or whether or not the specific needs of female entrepreneurs in Saudi Arabia are effectively met by the available economic and financial infrastructure. The aim of the present research study is twofold. Firstly, the author attempts to assess the role of non-government and non-profit organisations in providing financial support and business development services (BDS) such as training, information and advice to female entrepreneurs in Saudi Arabia. Secondly, the author attempts to identify the specific needs of female entrepreneurs or women who wish to start a business. These aims are reached by surveying available financial programmes and business development programs (BDS) in Saudi Arabia. This part of the study relies on a thorough review of research literature and the evaluation of available financing and business programmes. Thirdly, primary data are collected from businesswomen in Saudi Arabia who run their own small or medium enterprise or who plan to start their own business in the foreseeable future and have already taken steps to start their own business. The author conducted one-on-one interviews with 30 Saudi business women to identify their needs, personal experiences, and perceived barriers that hinder their ability to run or start a business in Saudi Arabia. The author uses a semi-structured interview format to collect data. The expected results of the research were twofold: (1) the analysis conducted as part of this study is expected to uncover the main difficulties that female entrepreneurs are facing in Saudi Arabia when running their own business; (2) the study’s results provide insights that allow the researcher to determine whether or not the assistance of non-profit organisations is actually helpful in this area. The study’s findings are also expected to have implications for policy makers trying to boost female entrepreneurship.The present study made several significant findings; specifically, female entrepreneurs desire access to better training not only to hone their entrepreneurial skills but also to take advantage of the affordances of modern communication technologies. Secondly, cultural norms and tribalism hold women back from reaching their full potential as entrepreneurs. This not only has negative effects on women’s access to financing, but also on their abilities to access education and other resources. Moreover, the financing options for women are very limited; except for one state-sponsored program women were not aware of other “official channels” they could use to finance their businesses. Non-governmental organizations such as professional organizations for women are still lacking; participants expressed their wish that such organizations would expand their offerings to women. Female entrepreneurs highlighted the importance of social support networks, especially families and male relatives (fathers, husbands) in setting up their business and becoming successful. And lastly, women were motivated to become entrepreneurs out of a desire to become self-sufficient and make a positive contribution to their community.The findings of this study make significant contributions to the scant body of research on female entrepreneurs in Saudi Arabia in that they shed light on the specific barriers women encounter. Moreover, the study highlights the importance of social support networks in the population of female entrepreneurs in Saudi Arabia and demonstrates how cultural norms, tribalism, and conservative family values permeate Saudi Arabia’s bureaucracy and financial institutions and thus create barriers for women.The major limitation of the study is its qualitative research design. While the author expected to obtain rich qualitative data that helps gain a deeper understanding of female entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia, findings of the study cannot be generalized to the entire population of Saudi female entrepreneurs. Moreover, this type of research is also prone to self-report bias. Given the specific cultural context of the study, self-report bias may take on two forms. Women may either overstate or understate their business success or the barriers they experience. Secondly, participants may not be willing to freely speak their mind on the subject under consideration because of social and cultural conventions that prevent them from doing so. The author expects that some answers will have social desirability bias (Creswell, 2009). Building effective rapport and trust with participants will therefore be of paramount importance to obtain unbiased responses.Despite these limitations, the author hopes to make a valuable contribution on which other researchers and policy makers can build. The author provides a comprehensive list of recommendations arising from the findings from the study. The recommendations not only address gaps in research and suggestions for future research but also give practical advice to policy makers, the Saudi government and NGO stakeholders seeking to boost female entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia
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