1,720,993 research outputs found
Impact of COVID-19 on Alzheimer’s Disease Risk: Viewpoint for Research Action
Full text linkIn the middle of the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) outbreak, the main efforts of the scientific community are rightly all focused on identifying efficient pharmacological treatments to cure the acute severe symptoms and developing a reliable vaccine. On the other hand, we cannot exclude that, in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) positive subjects, the virus infection could have long-term consequences, leading to chronic medical conditions such as dementia and neurodegenerative disease. Considering the age of SARS-CoV-2 infected subjects, the neuroinvasive potential might lead/contribute to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we analyzed a possible link between SARS-CoV-2 infection and Alzheimer’s disease risk, hypothesizing possible mechanisms at the base of disease development. This reflection raises the need to start to experimentally investigating today the mechanistic link between Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and COVID-19 to be ready tomorrow
Pharmacological profile of γ-oryzanol: Its antioxidant mechanisms and its effects in age-related diseases
No full textA novel technique to characterize conformational state of the proteins: p53 analysis
No full textAs the technology is advancing, biotechnologist and pharmacologist seems more interested and focused towards the development of innovative sensing solution/technology capable of evaluating proteins without any limitations of time and cost which were encountered/offered by conventional/traditional methods such as ELISA used for protein quantification. To allow continuous monitoring and attain protein sample information in a non-invasive way, spectrophotometry might be considered as an alternate method which analyzes different conformational states of proteins by closely observing the variation in optical properties of the sample. The work presented studies p53 protein conformational dynamics and their involvement in various pathophysiological and neurodegenerative disease/disorders using the spectrophotometer-based method. By utilizing the technique of spectrophotometry, investigations were carried out on three samples containing varied molecular state of p53 (Wild p53, Denatured p53, and Oxidized p53), to detect the difference in light absorption. Overall, this proposes the possibility of a simple, non-invasive and optical based method capable of detecting and identifying different structural states of p53 while overcoming the complexities offered by the conventional procedures
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
An overview of data integration in neuroscience with focus on Alzheimer's Disease
Full text linkThis article represents the first attempt to provide an overview of how to face data integration as the result of a dialogue between neuroscientists and computer scientists. Indeed, data integration is fundamental for studying complex multifactorial diseases, such as the neurodegenerative diseases. This work aims at warning the readers of common pitfalls and critical issues in both medical and data science fields. In this context, we define a road map for data scientists when they first approach the issue of data integration in the biomedical domain, highlighting the challenges that inevitably emerge when dealing with heterogeneous, large-scale and noisy data and proposing possible solutions. Here, we discuss data collection and statistical analysis usually seen as parallel and independent processes, as cross-disciplinary activities. Finally, we provide an exemplary application of data integration to address Alzheimer's Disease (AD), which is the most common multifactorial form of dementia worldwide. We critically discuss the largest and most widely used datasets in AD, and demonstrate how the emergence of machine learning and deep learning methods has had a significant impact on disease's knowledge particularly in the perspective of an early AD diagnosis
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Advanced Glycation end products (AGEs) in food: focusing on Mediterranean pasta
No full textAdvanced glycation end products, also known as glycotoxins, are a diverse group of highly oxidant compounds with pathogenic significance in aged-chronic disease, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease and neurodegenerative disease. They are produced physiologically in the body when reducing sugar binds to a free amino acid group of macromolecules. Thus conditions such as hyperglycemia and/or oxidative stress can favor AGE product formation, contributing to ageing processes and the exacerbation of pathological states. Beside endogenous AGEs, dietary AGE intake contributes significantly to the body AGE pool.
It assumes that if dietary AGE intake gets lower, any chronic disease, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease can be ameliorated, and even cured.
For this reason, recently great attention has been made on the identification and quantification of AGE products in the consumed foods. Here we reviewed some knowledge, found in literature, concerning the formation of AGEs in food, their gastrointestinal absorption, and their toxic effects. In addition original data on AGE content in the Mediterranean pasta was discussed in relation to their production processes and cooking time
Post-translational Modifications of the p53 Protein and the Impact in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review of the Literature
No full textOur understanding of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis has developed with several hypotheses over the last 40 years, including the Amyloid and Tau hypotheses. More recently, the p53 protein, well-known as a genome guardian, has gained attention for its potential role in the early evolution of AD. This is due to the central involvement of p53’s in the control of oxidative stress and potential involvement in the Amyloid and Tau pathways. p53 is commonly regulated by post-translational modifications (PTMs), which affect its conformation, increasing its capacity to adopt multiple structural and functional states, including those that can affect brain processes, thus contributing to AD development. The following review will explore the impact of p53 PTMs on its function and consequential involvement in AD pathogenesis. The greater understanding of the role of p53 in the pathogenesis of AD could result in more targeted therapies benefiting the many patients of this debilitating disease
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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