1,720,960 research outputs found
DESIGN & PERMACULTURA, Pratiche del commoning e scenari alternativi per aumentare la resilienza delle comunità rurali in Tunisia
No full textGli effetti catastrofici dell'Antropocene, cioè dell'azione umana sul pianeta, stanno diventando sempre più evidenti. Tuttavia, diversi movimenti sia nel Nord che nel Sud del mondo stanno sfidando lo status quo, poiché nuove forme di governo e di azione collettiva sono concretamente implementate dalle comunità per proteggere e mantenere le risorse condivise tra loro. I movimenti della Permacultura, che, grazie alla loro combinazione di pratiche progettuali locali e situate e filosofie sociali e politiche sottostanti, forniscono modi alternativi di organizzazione in risposta all'Antropocene. In Tunisia, dove diverse voci chiedono un reale cambiamento nella traiettoria del modello economico e del sistema agroalimentare per costruire la sovranità alimentare, è emersa una rete di permacultori. Parallelamente, l'oasi di Jemna è diventata il simbolo della resistenza contadina e della pratica del commoning; richiamando il concetto di autonomous design o quello di diffuse design
Design in stato di crisi: Popolazioni emarginate e le sfide del cambiamento climatico e della migrazione nel Mediterraneo
Get PDFCrisi e migrazione sono concetti strettamente collegati – sono numerose le vittime dei transiti irregolari. La globalizzazione ha reso la mobilità necessaria per i paesi ospitanti e per quelli d’origine. Le politiche affrontano i sintomi invece che la radice del problema, trattando la migrazione come l’effetto di difficili condizioni socio-economiche e politiche. La migrazione rurale inoltre è collegata al cambiamento climatico. L’inclusione sociale e la migrazione sono dinamiche indivisibili; un’equa inclusione sociale favorirebbe nuovi percorsi resilienti per le popolazioni rurali emarginate. Il design ha ampliato il suo campo d’azione, contribuendo a creare opportunità di sviluppo attraverso il coinvolgimento sociale e politico di tali popolazioni. Quale contributo può apportare il design nella creazione di nuovi scenari relativi a un problema così politicizzato come quello della migrazione
Design between Dignity and Identity: Burning Borders for New Routes of Migration
Get PDFNowadays, we notice that there is a correlation between the concepts of crisis and migration; the main problem is clearly the number of people risking or losing their lives through irregular routes because of the absence of alternatives. There is also a growing discrepancy between restrictive migration policies and the real demand for cheap migrant labor in Europe, as neither European nor African states have a much genuine interest in stopping migration because the economies of receiving and sending countries have become increasingly dependent on migrant labor and remittances, respectively (De Haas, 2008). Nevertheless, all the experts speak about the need to open new migratory channels to combat irregular migration and trafficking, in order to match the real demand for labor, and limit the effects of the large informal economies in Europe and the Maghreb. Europe’s migration crisis has exposed shortcomings in the Union’s asylum system. In western countries, political asylum is mainly a tool for humanitarian protection, but it also helps manage migratory flows. Accordingly, the same person could be viewed as a refugee in a country and as an economic migrant in another. The sole difference is that to refer to an individual as a migrant is to hold them in a state of transit. Some claim that the distinctions that are made between refugees and economic migrants are irrelevant since they do not take into account the stories of these individuals (Colombo, 2015). In contrast, digital culture has no consideration for boundaries and has allowed more people to acquire the information they need to access the global labor market. In our globalized and fluid society, social inclusion and migration have become indivisible. It is true that one can talk about social inclusion from several perspectives and not necessarily from the one of migration, but a fair social inclusion would enable people to move without recourse to irregular migration routes. On a broader perspective, social design could be the field of design supporting the aspirations of highly vulnerable population groups and the injustices they are subjected to: refugees and migrants are among these groups facing issues related to various segregations; work, education, healthcare,etc. During the last decade, design has increasingly been viewed as a problem-solving approach, which makes it central to innovation in general. This is also the case when dealing with wicked social problems. Terms like design thinking, human-centered design (HCD) and design for public policy are more and more used, especially when we talk about collaborative and inclusive approaches towards complex social issues. In fact, we have witnessed the emergence of several new fields of design linked to this social character with a particular enthusiasm for social innovation. Manzini (2015) insists on recognizing design as strategic in playing an essential role in triggering, supporting and scaling-up social innovation. What contribution can design make in this specific field? What is the designers’ position concerning complex social problems that are often directly linked to a highly politicized issue like the one of migration? In this research Makers Unite was our primary case study. The project was initiated by "The Beach", a social design studio working principally with disadvantaged communities in Amsterdam. They promote Sustainsist Design, as the new playing field for designers. Thus, they developed an extensive knowledge on co-design based on "connectedness, localism, sharing, and proportionality" (Krabbendam and Schwarz, 2013). Through its story-sharing space, Makers Unite seeks to tackle both the social and environmental issues of the refugee crisis meeting the definition on Sustainist Design as a link between social and ecological sustainability. The project brings together both "newcomers" and local residents in co-designing enticing products and
narratives, beginning with up-cycling life vests and boats accumulated on Greek island shores used as entry points to Europe and causing environmental problems. This would enable refugees to take their first steps in regaining their dignity, as it facilitates the identification of the abilities of newcomers and connects their skills with local experts in their respective fields. The Dutch context granted an idea, though a generic one, about the situation of migrants in a country of northern Europe to be compared to that of Italy as a perfect sample of the countries of southern Europe. In Parallel, a non-exhaustive outside-in research was also conducted through a series of spontaneous interviews with migrants, but also social workers in the asylum field. We attempted a kind of immersion to understand in a tangible way the issues that migrants face on a daily basis. The people we had the opportunity to meet were all different and each one had their own story. There was a wide range of profiles with different nationalities (Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, Morocco, Tunisia, Palestine, Senegal, Guinea etc.) backgrounds and levels of education. As explained, globalization has made mobility a necessity for both host and home countries, and now the Internet has facilitated this mobility, through platforms and applications of job matching for instance. But it remains very limited, sometimes even abstract, and the populations who need it most, alas, do not have access to it. Internet has also facilitated mobility for workers of a new kind; "digital nomads" that work remotely and do not need a fixed location. There are also storytelling platforms where "influencers" create content, stories with value that people read, like and share. Because each individual has his own story and each story deserves to be listened to and valued, how could these three types of services be linked? How can someone give value to their own story and skills? Does he/she necessarily have the skills to create content and share it? Does valuing the stories and skills of individuals prevent them from embarking on a perilous journey to provide a way out by finding work abroad
(Reflextion) on design as/for common(s)/decolonial participatory experiences for post-capitalist resilient future(s)
Get PDFGli effetti catastrofici dell'Antropocene sono sempre più evidenti. Le manifestazioni di crisi non sono solo ambientali, ma anche economiche, sociali, politiche, etiche; che combinate con gli immaginari distopici del futuro, suggeriscono la necessità di un cambio di paradigma. A questo riguardo, i Commons sono visti come un'alternativa per una transizione verso un'economia post-capitalista. In questo contesto dell'Antropocene, il Design per l'innovazione sociale rimane inteso come un'azione "umanitaria", legata alla logica della mercificazione; motivo per cui alcuni chiedono di decolonizzare il Design dalle astrazioni occidentali. La ricerca si è concentrata sul rapporto tra Design e Commons, con un'attenzione al pensiero decoloniale. L'idea è quella di comprendere il ruolo del Design nel contribuire a spostare i paradigmi da un'economia di crescita estrattivista a un'economia delle risorse; un design legato alle situazioni invece che agli oggetti. L'indagine ha seguito un approccio di ricerca-azione che prevedeva di "abitare" le oasi di Chenini e Jemna in Tunisia, come Commons/Community Economies in crisi. È stato condotto un esperimento di design collaborativo utilizzando una linea di pensiero post-sviluppista/femminista, considerando i concetti di "Radical Imagination", "Epistemologies of the South" e "Situated Knowledge". Ne è emersa una prospettiva diversa per la ricerca progettuale, realmente radicata nel presente e capace di portare le comunità e i contesti coinvolti verso un futuro realizzabile
Outcome. social mapping
No full textSiamo consapevoli di vivere in un momento di cambiamenti accelerati, in cui le spinte innovative tecnologiche superano le strutture culturali, sociali e organizzative esistenti. Stiamo assistendo alla continua esplorazione di nuovi territori per l'organizzazione della società, dell'economia e per la trasformazione dei modelli di produzione e consumo. Emergono da ogni parte iniziative che attivano i cittadini, generano nuove direzioni per l'innovazione sociale e sviluppano servizi che sostengono cambiamenti che risultano più sostenibili e resilienti. Qesto capitolo riflette su come la combinazione di tecnologia, design e nuove forme di organizzazione stanno attivando nuovi meccanismi di condivisione delle conoscenze e delle esperienze, costruendo nuovi contesti sociali
Design & Permaculture. Shifting Paradigms to Build Food Sovereignty in Tunisia
Get PDFThe catastrophic effects of the Anthropocene ie of human action on the planet are becoming more and more evident. However, different movements in both the Global North/West and the Global South/East are challenging the status quo, as new forms of governance and collective action are concretely implemented by communities to protect and maintain the shared resources entrusted to them. The permaculture movements offer in this sense alternative means of organization in response to the Anthropocene. In Tunisia, where several voices are calling for a real change in the trajectory of the economic model and the agri-food system to build food sovereignty, we have also seen the emergence of a network of permaculture practitioners. In parallel, the oasis of Jemna has become the symbol of peasant resistance and the practice of commoning; recalling the concept of autonomous design
Social Pharmacy
No full textIl progetto di Social Pharmacy si basa su un concetto di farmacia che si configura sulla nuova realtà multiculturale e cosmopolita delle città odierne. L’indicatore principale di questa nuova realtà è il cambiamento della popolazione in termini di numero, varietà, nonché i fenomeni di grande mobilità internazionale e migrazioni. Questo cambiamento sociale porta con sé la necessità di affrontare nuovi e differenti scenari, volti a soddisfare le esigenze di vari profili di utenti, attraverso un’offerta variegata di prodotti e servizi. In termini di approccio al problema risulta centrale il concetto di diversification strategy, ovvero un approccio all’offerta della farmacia basato sulla varietà e la personalizzazione, proseguendo con un consequenziale sviluppo di nuove pratiche e servizi, al fine di realizzare una dimensione “senza confini né barriere”, con percorsi accessibili secondo la disponibilità di tempo dell’utenza. Secondo un dato Federfarma, le funzioni sociali e sanitarie attribuite alla farmacia sono quelle prevalenti. La farmacia va quindi considerata un’impresa professionale che opera a tutela della salute pubblica. La varietà di offerta e servizio si sviluppa attraverso la contaminazione con le culture d’altrove al fine di realizzare un sistema a servizio del benessere totale, all’interno del quale il farmacista riveste il ruolo di councelor e l’utente si inserisce in un ambiente accogliente e accessibile. La farmacia diventa un luogo della comunità, locale ed internazionale, che offre allo stesso tempo servizi all’avanguardia basati sulla tecnologia e sulla praticità, nonché servizi di supporto, orientamento ed informazione in loco. Attraverso una strategia di diversificazione, a cavallo tra tradizione ed innovazione, si punta ad un sistema di Pharmaceutical Care focalizzato sull’empowerment delle figure del farmacista e dell’utente. Affinché essa corrisponda ad un modello Social virtuoso, è necessario massimizzare l’attenzione alla collettività e, allo stesso tempo in modo più mirato, al “singolo”, in un sistema di fruizione Responsive User Experience
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
- …
