1,355,011 research outputs found
Maternal insulin therapy increases fetal endothelial progenitor cells during diabetic pregnancy
No full textMaternal Insulin Therapy Increases Fetal Endothelial Progenitor Cells During Diabetic Pregnancy
Gian Paolo Fadini, MD1, Ilenia Baesso, BSC1, Carlo Agostini, MD1, Emily Cuccato, OBST2, Giovanni Battista Nardelli, MD2, Annunziata Lapolla, MD3 and Angelo Avogaro, MD PHD1
tes Care. 2008 Apr;31(4):808-10. Epub 2007 Dec 27.
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are bone marrow–derived cells involved in endothelial homeostasis and angiogenesis. Reduction and dysfunction of EPCs have been associated with the development of atherosclerosis and diabetic complications .
Recent studies in human pregnancies suggest that a mother's EPCs are involved in the physiologic vascular remodeling of systemic and utero-placental circulation . Hyperglycemia induces dysfunction and apoptosis of EPCs ; this may impair the development or maturation of the utero-placental circulation, causing maladaptive responses during diabetic pregnancies. Indeed, EPCs have been shown to be dysregulated in pregnant women with diabetes .
Little is known about the effects of maternal factors on fetal EPCs. One study showed reduced cord blood EPCs in severe preeclampsia , but there were no data on diabetes. This study was undertaken to evaluate quantitative alterations of cord blood progenitor cells during diabetic pregnancie
Current treatment options and challenges in patients with Type 1 diabetes: Pharmacological, technical advances and future perspectives
No full textType 1 diabetes mellitus imposes a significant burden of complications and mortality, despite important advances in treatment: subjects affected by this disease have also a worse quality of life-related to disease management. To overcome these challenges, different new approaches have been proposed, such as new insulin formulations or innovative devices. The introduction of insulin pumps allows a more physiological insulin administration with a reduction of HbA1c level and hypoglycemic risk. New continuous glucose monitoring systems with better accuracy have allowed, not only better glucose control, but also the improvement of the quality of life. Integration of these devices with control algorithms brought to the creation of the first artificial pancreas, able to independently gain metabolic control without the risk of hypo- and hyperglycemic crisis. This approach has revolutionized the management of diabetes both in terms of quality of life and glucose control. However, complete independence from exogenous insulin will be obtained only by biological approaches that foresee the replacement of functional beta cells obtained from stem cells: this will be a major challenge but the biggest hope for the subjects with type 1 diabetes. In this review, we will outline the current scenario of innovative diabetes management both from a technological and biological point of view, and we will also forecast some cutting-edge approaches to reduce the challenges that hamper the definitive cure of diabetes
Abnormalities of the cardiac stem and progenitor cell compartment in experimental and human diabetes.
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Giuseppe Gennari traduttore di Albertino Mussato: appunti dalla corrispondenza con Fioravante e Rambaldo degli Azzoni Avogaro
No full textAttraverso le lettere scambiate con Fioravante e Rambaldo degli Azzoni Avogaro si ricostruiscono il clima culturale e gli interessi storici che portarono Giuseppe Gennari (1721-1800) a tradurre il secondo e il terzo libro del poema di Albertino Mussato "De obsidione domini Canis Grandis de Verona ante civitatem Paduanam"
Cardiovascular and heart failure outcomes with type 2 diabetes therapies: how important is weight loss?
No full textRight to disconnect: French and Italian proposals for a global issue
No full textIn recent years, the increasing process of digitization has gradually blurred the boundaries between work and private life. Therefore, new issues concerning workers’ protection arose. One of the main topics on this matter is related to employees’ tendency to utilize technological devices, as smartphones and tablets, to remain “connected” to their job outside ordinary business hours. In relation to this aspect, the paper addresses the debate and juridical solutions proposed and developed in France, through the Loi El Khomri, and in Italy, with the law No. 81/2017 recently approved by Parliament, to introduce a right (and/or an obligation) to disconnect in favour of digitized employees, and in order to protect workers’ private life, preventing diseases related to risk of burnout and the augmentation of stress. Furthermore, the analysis will be focused on the social debate related to the abovementioned topic. In particular, it will concern the positions assumed on this matter by main workers’ and employers’ organizations of the said countries, and their reactions to the initiatives undertaken by legislators, in order to realize a first evaluation concerning the impact of the solutions proposed. Afterwards, the attention will be cantered on praxis and tools introduced by collective agreements, in order to verify whether social partners have been able to find more efficient methods to balance work and private life, than the ones suggested by legislators. The outcome of the paper is referred to the actions that ILO could assume, on the base of the experience developed in France and in Italy, to address the future global issue of protecting employees’ work-life balance
Non-glycemic effects of pioglitazone and incretin-based therapies.
No full textAtherosclerosis and cardiovascular events are highly prevalent and represent the major cause of mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, there is significant interest in the non-glycemic properties of anti-diabetic agents, particularly on those that are effective on cardiovascular risk factors. Thiazolidinediones and incretin-based therapies (IBTs) represent some of the most recent treatment options approved for the management of type 2 diabetes; these agents have shown important glycemic effects, as well as a number of non-glycemic effects. The latter include those on body weight, inflammation, hypertension and dyslipidemia, thus impacting the different components of the metabolic syndrome. Pioglitazone has been shown to significantly reduce cardiovascular adverse outcomes, while preliminary data on IBTs are very encouraging as well. Although highlighting the non-glycemic effects of pioglitazone and incretin-based therapies is of potential significance, clinical practice and patient care must be based largely on evidence-based medicine. Therefore, definitive opinions will await additional data from ongoing studies evaluating the effects of both GLP-1 agonists and DPP-4 inhibitors on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality
The Highest Skilled Workers of Industry 4.0: New Forms of Work Organization for New Professions. A Comparative Study
No full textPurpose : The purpose of the paper is to investigate the figure of the highest skilled workers of Industry 4.0, the need of protection and more freedom to operate in the labour market, and the possible solution to this issue. Design/methodology/approach : The paper analyses the evolution of work organization fostered by Industry 4.0, and in particular the juridical figures of strategic employee sharing, new mutualist workers' organizations and the French statutory regulation of 2016 concerning legal protection for workers on platform. Findings : The paper highlights how the digitization of manufacturing will modify the condition and the requests of its highest skilled workers. To reply to this challenge, the better solution seems to be a flexible approach, regulated by statutory law - possibly integrated by collective bargaining - to allow the parties to chose the best juridical structure for each practical situation, avoiding rigid regulations that could impair the effectiveness of the solutions analysed. Research limitations/implications : The research uses an analytical and comparative approach based on statutory regulation and workers' organizational praxis, to provide for a detailed description of the considered juridical figures. Originality/value : This paper analyses the most relevant juridical structures that could be adapted to assure a relevant degree of labour protection to the considered highest skilled workers, allowing them, at the same time, to provide their services to a wide range of customers, highlighting pros and cons of each considered strategy and suggesting an overall approach to this issue, from a European point of view. Paper type : Qualitative Research Approach has been adopted in this Paper
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