2 research outputs found
A Novel Enhancement of Nano Structure by Organic Acid Dopants in Emulsion Polymerization of Poly(o-toluidine)
No full textA simple, more facile and green approach for the synthesis of poly(o-toluidine) (POT) has been described, by using oxidative emulsion polymn. in a heterogeneous phase by using ammonium persulfate as an oxidant and org. acids as dopant, acids used such as tartaric, oxalic and citric. The effect or influence of these dopants on cond., morphol. of the nano structure of POT and phys. properties are well studied and found that it depends on the nature and type of the functional org. acid dopants. By using this synthetic approach we have obtained POT nanostructures of uniform granular morphol., with av. 40-100 nm particle size doped with oxalic or citric acid, whereas in tartaric acid doped POT fibrilar morphol. with 40-60 nm size nano fibers was ascertained. These compds. were characterized by UV-Visible, FT-IR, SEM, and XRD. Elec. cond. studies of these materials were also carried out and found increase in cond. with citric acid and oxalic acid doped POT as compared to the tartaric acid. XRD studies showed partial cryst. nature of tartaric acid doped POT polymer as compared to others. By using this emulsion process, POT nanostructure formed with 60-100 nm diam. size having high yield, cond., and improved soly. in org. solvents in the emeraldine salt phase of polymer (confirmed by the presence of characteristic peaks at 420 nm and ~800-850 nm). The influences of reaction conditions, e.g. monomer, acid concn. on the physico-chem. properties were also investigated
Antibacterial potential of Anogeissus acuminata against ESBL and carbapenemase-producing multidrug-resistant UPEC
No full textBackground: The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) presents significant challenges in managing urinary tract infections (UTIs), particularly in resource-limited settings. Nearly 50% of E. coli isolates are extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers, often harboring resistance genes such as CTX-M-15 and NDM, which confer resistance to last-line antibiotics. Aim: To evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of Anogeissus acuminataextract against genetically confirmed ESBL- and carbapenemase-producing uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) strains isolated from UTI patients. Methods: A total of 273 UPEC strains were isolated from symptomatic UTI patients (146 females, 127 males). ESBL and carbapenemase production was confirmed using phenotypic and molecular methods per CLSI 2022 guidelines. PCR was used to detect CTX-M and NDM resistance genes. The antibacterial potential of A. acuminata extract was assessed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and compared to gentamicin. Results: Among the 273 isolates, 70% exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR); 82 were ESBL producers and 62 were carbapenemase producers. The extract of A. acuminata demonstrated substantial antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones of 20.18 ± 0.89 mm (ESBL-producers) and 20.91 ± 1.3 mm (carbapenemase-producers), comparable to 100% gentamicin. Resistance was more prevalent in hospitalized patients and slightly higher in males. CTX-M and NDM were the most common resistance genes. Conclusion: The study reveals a high prevalence of MDR UPEC strains and emphasizes the urgent need for alternative therapies. A. acuminata showed promising antibacterial activity against resistant UPEC isolates, supporting its potential as an adjunct or alternative treatment for UTIs, especially in low-resource settings
