1,720,964 research outputs found
CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 expression in tertiary lymphoid structures in salivary gland infiltrates: fractalkine contribution to lymphoid neogenesis in Sjogren's syndrome
No full textMethods. We assessed the presence of CX3CL1 protein in sera by ELISA in 21 patients with primary SS, 11 patients with Sicca syndrome (Sicca), 20 RA patients and 10 blood donors. Histological evaluation was performed on sequential sections of salivary gland tissue. Using TaqMan RT-PCR we studied CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 mRNA expression in salivary gland tissues from a molecular point of view. Results. Increased serum levels of CX3CL1 protein were observed in SS patients compared with controls (P < 0.0001) and in RA patients compared with controls (P < 0.0001), but no difference was found between Sicca patients and controls (P = 0.22). We identified histologically the cells expressing CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 in salivary glands of SS patients and we localized the molecule within tertiary lymphoid structures. Finally, the mRNA levels of the CK and its receptor were up-regulated in SS salivary glands. Conclusion. We believe that our findings point to the need for future studies on CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 proteins as contributors to the formation of ectopic GCs and possibly as a new tool in the evaluation and diagnosis of SS
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Interplay between inflammation, autoimmunity and regeneration in the NOD mouse model of type 1 diabetes and Sjogren’s Syndrome.
No full textPhDA continuous process of tissue remodelling and regeneration is a fundamental feature of the
homeostatic response of the target organ of several autoimmune diseases. In type 1 diabetes (T1D)
the β cell mass is in a constant process of death and renewal in order to regenerate the islets
damaged by the autoimmune process. The relationship linking inflammation and regeneration
during autoimmunity remains elusive. Reg genes, a multigene family discovered using cDNA
libraries derived from rat regenerating islets, have been suggested to play an important role in
epithelial regeneration not only in the pancreas but also in the salivary glands (SG) of Sjogren’s
Syndrome (SS) during autoimmune sialoadenitis.
Both in patients and animal models of T1D and SS, the chronic inflammatory/autoimmune process
is heterogeneous and display high immunological variability. In particular, in a sizeable subset of
cases, inflammatory lesions display ectopic lymphoid structures (ELS) characterised by T/B cell
segregation, follicular dendritic cells networks and differentiation of germinal center B cells.
However, there is limited evidence on the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying ELS
formation and their contribution to autoimmunity in the pancreas during autoimmune insulitis and
in SG during autoimmune sialoadenitis. In this PhD project, I used the NOD mouse model of T1D
and SS in order to investigate i) the cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating ELS formation,
ii) the functionality of ELS in supporting in situ autoreactive B cell differentiation and iii) the
relationship between formation of ELS and the expression of REG genes.
In this work I showed that ELS formation was preceded by local up-regulation of lymphotoxins
(LTαβ) and lymphoid chemokines CXCL13 and CCL19 and that, once formed, ELS were fully
functional in promoting autoreactive B cell activation. Importantly, inhibition of the LT-β pathway
prevented the formation of ELS and B cell autoimmunity. Finally, I showed that the expression
pattern of Reg genes was strictly related to the development of inflammatory infiltrates in NOD
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mice and that Reg proteins were target of the autoimmune process itself, as shown by the
development of anti-Reg1 antibodies in patients with T1D. Overall, these results suggest that the
processes of destruction and regeneration occurring in chronic autoimmune/inflammatory diseases
are strongly interdependent whereby autoimmunity may be further enhanced by the attempt to
regenerate
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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