14 research outputs found
Modeling of Dynamic Behavior in Closed Crack and Nonlinear Ultrasonic Array Imaging
No full text甲理工博第444号Ehime University (愛媛大学)Doctral(includes post-doctral)博士(工学
Modeling of Dynamic Behavior in Closed Crack and Nonlinear Ultrasonic Array Imaging
No full textEhime University (愛媛大学)博士(工学)doctoral thesi
The Reign of Fir and Stormy Sea
No full textNur Aifah Binti Ibrahim’s piece takes readers on a deeply emotional and reflective journey. In this book, the author explores themes of love, friendship and personal struggle through a series of chapters filled with powerful and poetic narratives.
From the most beautiful moments of her life to her battles against jealousy and injustice, each chapter depicts a universal life experience. The author also invites us to reflect on the way we interact with others and how culture and norms affect our relationships.
Through vivid characters and relatable situations, we are reminded of the importance of valuing ourselves and our loved ones with a lyrical and reflective writing style. The Reign of Fire and Stormy Sea is not just a book, but a lesson in resilience, love, and self-discovery amidst the challenging currents of life.
Join this journey and find strength in every word written by Nur Aifah which will inspire us to keep going despite the storms
Factors of Environment Management Practices Adoptions
No full textAbstractThere is an increasing growth of customers and regulators requesting enterprises to adopt the Environmental Management Practices (EMP) over the last 15 years and because of this, researchers and practitioners are becoming more interested in this area of study. This paper proposed an integrated model that combines the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Technology-Organization-Environment Model (TOE), two theories that are most often used in environment and innovation studies. In this paper, a model is created to show the relationship between TOE model, TPB theory and EMP implementation. With 205 valid questionnaires from the Federation of Malaysian Freight Forwarders (FMFF), the author tested the model on SPSS and AMOS. It was found that the environmental factor was the most influential factor affecting the adoption of EMP followed by organizational and technological factors. The entire TOE dimension and TPB theory greatly determines the company's adaptation of EMP. Finally, this study presents some suggestions to make EMP adaptation easier
Regulatory framework for adjudicators in the Malaysian construction industry
No full textStrathclyde theses - ask staff. Thesis no. : T14377Following the precedent move by the United Kingdom when it enacted the Housing, Grants, Construction and Regeneration Act 1996 (HGCRA 1996) in 1998, the enactment of the Construction Industry Payment and Adjudication Act 2012 (CIPA 2012) in 2014 is expected to improve the cash flow problems in the construction industry in Malaysia. Parallel with statutory needs to resolve disputes via adjudication, the statutory adjudicator exists to conduct the adjudication process. However, in contrast with the Building and Construction Industry Security of Payment Act 2004 (SOPA 2004) in Singapore, HGCRA 1996 and CIPA 2012 does not provide a mandatory regulatory framework for adjudicators. In view of that issue, the author aims to identify and test an appropriate regulatory framework for adjudicators in Malaysia by comparing and contrasting the existing regulatory framework in the UK, Singapore, New Zealand and Malaysia. In addition, the author will also explore the current regulatory framework for construction professionals and legal practitioners since both professions made up more than 90% of adjudicators in the UK, Singapore, New Zealand and Malaysia.Towards the journey to achieve the aim of the research, the author will start by exploring the relevant underlying theories of existing regulatory framework for construction professionals, legal practitioners and adjudicators in the UK, New Zealand, Singapore and Malaysia. The author will also address and articulate the theory behind the existence of adjudicators and the fundamental theory on relevant skill and knowledge for adjudicators. These findings will help to support the process of developing theoretical regulatory framework that will be used as a guide to identify an appropriate and credible regulatory framework for adjudicators in Malaysia. With the theoretical regulatory framework in hand, the author has sought to test empirically the framework practicality within the Malaysian context via a small scale of evaluative studies. The evaluative studies proven to be a big step to understand the acceptance of the advocated theoretical regulatory framework for adjudicators. Ultimately, it can be concluded that the propose regulatory framework for adjudicators in Malaysia is tested and approved via the small scale studies.Following the precedent move by the United Kingdom when it enacted the Housing, Grants, Construction and Regeneration Act 1996 (HGCRA 1996) in 1998, the enactment of the Construction Industry Payment and Adjudication Act 2012 (CIPA 2012) in 2014 is expected to improve the cash flow problems in the construction industry in Malaysia. Parallel with statutory needs to resolve disputes via adjudication, the statutory adjudicator exists to conduct the adjudication process. However, in contrast with the Building and Construction Industry Security of Payment Act 2004 (SOPA 2004) in Singapore, HGCRA 1996 and CIPA 2012 does not provide a mandatory regulatory framework for adjudicators. In view of that issue, the author aims to identify and test an appropriate regulatory framework for adjudicators in Malaysia by comparing and contrasting the existing regulatory framework in the UK, Singapore, New Zealand and Malaysia. In addition, the author will also explore the current regulatory framework for construction professionals and legal practitioners since both professions made up more than 90% of adjudicators in the UK, Singapore, New Zealand and Malaysia.Towards the journey to achieve the aim of the research, the author will start by exploring the relevant underlying theories of existing regulatory framework for construction professionals, legal practitioners and adjudicators in the UK, New Zealand, Singapore and Malaysia. The author will also address and articulate the theory behind the existence of adjudicators and the fundamental theory on relevant skill and knowledge for adjudicators. These findings will help to support the process of developing theoretical regulatory framework that will be used as a guide to identify an appropriate and credible regulatory framework for adjudicators in Malaysia. With the theoretical regulatory framework in hand, the author has sought to test empirically the framework practicality within the Malaysian context via a small scale of evaluative studies. The evaluative studies proven to be a big step to understand the acceptance of the advocated theoretical regulatory framework for adjudicators. Ultimately, it can be concluded that the propose regulatory framework for adjudicators in Malaysia is tested and approved via the small scale studies
The trend in inquiry-based learning (IBL) research from many perspectives: A systematic review
No full textQuality of Life and Leisure Participation amongst Malay Older People in the Institution
No full textAbstractLeisure activities can influence health through complex and interconnected biopsychosocial mechanism by becoming as a medium to balance the rhythm of life. This study aims to identify the benefits of participation in leisure activities and to understand how the benefits affect the quality of life amongst Malay older people in institutions. In-depth interview was conducted with twenty-one Malay older people who live in government-funded elderly institutions. The interview transcripts were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. One superordinate theme and three subthemes emerged indicates that the participation in meaningful, valued and individualized leisure activities leads to an internal and external benefits
تحليل كتاب درس اللغة العربية بالمنهج عام ٢٠١٣ لتلاميذ المدرسة المتوسطة وفقا لهيئة معايير التعليم الوطنية
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الكتاب الدرس هي أحد مكونات التعليم الناجح سوى جانب الأهداف والوسائل والاستراتيجيات وتقييمات التعليم التي تحتوي على مواد سيتم تسليمها للطلاب. إعداد الكتاب الدرس يجب أن يجهّز من النواحى التي حددتها هيئة معايير التعليم الوطنية لتكون لائق ومناسبة للاستخدام في التعليم ، وهي: ناحية المحتوى وناحية العرض وناحية اللغوية وناحية الرسومية.
يهدف هذا البحث إلى: (1) موافقة المواد التعليمية مع الكفاءة الأساسية والكفاءة المعيارية. (2) حداثة المواد. (3) التدريبات والتقييم الواردة في كتاب المناهج العربية 2013 لتلاميذ مدرسة المتوسّطة.
المدخل المستخدم في هذا البحث هو المدخل الكيفي، ومنهجه هي الوصفي والمكتبي وتحليل البيانات. كان المصادر الرئيسيّة للبيانات في هذا البحث هو كتاب درس اللغة العربية بالنهج العام 2013 لتلاميذ مدرسة المتوسّطة. تم أخذ البيانات الثانوية من عدة وثائق تم اقتباس محتوياتها لإضافة البيانات التي يحتاجها الباحثة كموقعه كأداة رئيسية لهذا البحث.
نتائج هذا البحث يوجد التوافق من الكتاب الدرس اللغة العربية بالمنهج 2013 لتلاميذ مدرسة الثانوية مع هيئة معايير التعليم الوطنية. وهي موافقة المواد مع الكفاءاة الأساسية والكفاءة المعيارية في هذا الكتاب وفقًا لمعيار هيئة معايير التعليم الوطنية، وحداثة المواد في هذا الكتاب موافقة مع معيار هيئة معايير التعليم الوطنية، إنه فقط لا يوجد محدد المقاييس حول الأمثلة والحالات في إندونيسيا أوالعربية، التدريبات والتقييم في هذا الكتاب موافقة مع المعيار هيئة معايير التعليم الوطنية، ولكن لا يوجد تقييم في نهاية الدرس كما هو مذكور في معيار هيئة معايير التعليم الوطنية.
ABSTRAK
Buku ajar merupakan salah satu komponen keberhasilan pembelajaran yang dibarengi dengan tujuan, media, strategi dan evaluasi pembelajaran yang berisi materi-materi yang akan disampaikan kepada peserta didik. Penyusunan buku ajar harus dilengkapi beberapa aspek yang telah ditentukan oleh Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan agar layak dan sesuia untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran, yakni : aspek isi, aspek penyajian, aspek kebahasaan dan aspek kegrafikaan.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui : (1) Kesesuaian materi bahan ajar dengan Kompetensi Inti dan Kompetensi Dasar. (2) Kemutakhiran Materi. (3) Latihan dan Evaluasi yang ada dalam buku ajar Bahasa Arab Kurikulum 2013 untuk Siswa Madrasah Tsanawiyah.
Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, dan metodenya yaitu deskripsi, kepustakaan dan analisis data. Sember data primer dalam penelitian ini adalah Buku Ajar Bahasa Arab Kurikulum 2013 untuk siswa Madrasah Tsanawiyah. Data sekunder diambil dari beberapa dokumen yang dikutip isi nya untuk menambah data yang dibutuhkan oleh penulis sebagaimana posisinya sebagai instrumen utama dari penelitian ini.
Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah dapat ditemukan kesesuaian dalam Buku Ajar Bahasa Arab Kurikulum 2013 untuk Siswa Madrasah Tsanawiyah dengan standar dari Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan. Yakni kesesuaian materi dengan Kompetensi Inti dan Kompetensi Dasar dalam buku ini telah sesuai dengan standar BSNP, Kemutakhiran materi dalam buku ini telah sesuai dengan standar BSNP hanya saja belum ada metri yang spesifik tentang contoh dan kasus di Indonesia maupun Arab, Latihan dan evaluasi dala buku ini telah sesuai dengan standar BSNP hanya saja belum ada evaluasi di akhir dars seperti yang dicantumkan dalam standar BSNP.
ABSTRACT
Textbooks are one of the components of successful learning coupled with aims, media, strategies and learning evaluations that contain materials that will be delivered to students. The preparation of textbooks must be completed with several aspects that have been determined by the National Education Standards Agency (BSNP) to be appropriate and proper for use in learning, namely: content aspect, presentation aspect, linguistic aspect and graphic aspect.
This study aims to determine: (1) The suitability of teaching materials with Core Competencies and Basic Competencies. (2) Up-to-date Materials. (3) Exercises and Evaluations contained in the 2013 Curriculum Arabic textbook for Madrasah Tsanawiyah Students.
The approach in this research is qualitative, and the methods are description, literature and data analysis. The primary data source in this study was the 2013 Curriculum Arabic Language Textbook for Madrasah Tsanawiyah students. Secondary data was taken from several documents whose contents were quoted to add data needed by the author as his position as the main instrument of this research.
The results of this study were found suitability in the 2013 Curriculum Arabic Textbook for Madrasah Tsanawiyah Students with the standards of the National Education Standards Agency. Namely, the suitability of the material with the Core Competencies and Basic Competencies in this book is in accordance with the BSNP standard, The up-to-date material in this book is in accordance with the BSNP standard, it's just that there are no specific metrics about examples and cases in Indonesia and Arabic, Exercises and evaluations in this book has complied with the BSNP standard, but there is no evaluation at the end of the dars as stated in the BSNP standar
تطوير المواد التعليمية للقواعد النحوية بالأمثلة القرآنية بالمدخل السلوكية لطالبات معهد حفصة بنت عمر باتو مالانج
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كان معهد تحفيظ القرآن وتعليم اللغة العربية حفصة بنت عمر أحد المعاهد التي جعلت حفظ القرآن وتعليم اللغة العربية كدرسان واجبان في منهج المعهد حيث يستلزم على كل طالبات أن تكمل حفظه 30 جزء في ثلاث سنوات. وتعليم النحوفي هذا المعهد يهدف إلى تفهيم الطلبة على قواعد النحو حتي يستطيع أن يقرأ ويفهم النصوص العربية وخاصة علوم الشرع. لكن الأسف لم تكن مادة النحو في هذا المعهد تراعي بأهمية الطلبة كحفاظة القرآن مثل استخدام التدريبات النحوية بالأمثلة القرآنية. ومن ثم، سعت الباحثة إلى تصميم المواد التعليمية لقواعد النحوية بالأمثلة القرآنية بالمدخل السلوكي. واستخدمت الباحثة هذا المدخل لأنه يركز إلى التدريبات ليعزز الطالبات في تعليم النحوواستخدام العقوبة لتشجيع الطلبة في ابتعاد عن الأخطاء. ثم قامت الباحثة بعرض المواد والتدريبات بالأمثلة القرآنية المناسبة بمستوى الطلبة لأنهن كحفاظة القرآن
يهدف هذا البحث إلى:1) معرفة إتمام تطوير المواد التعليمية بالأمثلة القرآنية لقواعد النحوية بالمدخل السلوكية لطالبات معهد حفصة بنت عمر باتو 2) معرفة مواصفات المواد التعليمية بالأمثلة القرآنية لقواعد النحوية بالمدخل السلوكية لطالبات معهد حفصة بنت عمر باتو، 3) معرفة فعالية المواد التعليمية لقواعد النحوية بالأمثلة القرآنية بالمدخل السلوكية لطالبات معهد حفصة بنت عمر باتو. واستخدمت الباحثة البحث والتطوير بمدخل الكيفي والكمي. وطريقة جمع البيانات هي الملاحظة والمقابلة والاستبانة والاختبار.
ونتيجة هذا البحث هي:1) تم تطوير الكتاب التعليمي في مادة النحو بالأمثلة القرآنية لقواعد النحوية بالمدخل السلوكية باقتداء الخطوات التي قررها بروق وغال وهي: تحليل الاحتياجات والمشكلات، جمع المعلومات، تطوير الإنتاج، تصديق الإنتاج، وتجربة الإنتاج. 2) مواصفات المواد التعليمية لقواعد النحوية بالأمثلة القرآنية بالمدخل السلوكي تتكون من وجود الأهداف التعليمية في كل موضوعات النحوية ، المواد التعليمية تناسب احتياجات الطلاب، إعطاء المثيرات على شكل التكرار،والأسئلة، والتدريبات، والوظائف في عملية التعليم، و استخدام الهدايا والعقوبات. 3) فعالية المواد التعليمية بالأمثلة القرآنية بالمدخل السلوكية مستندا على نتيجة الطلبة 66،2 في الاختبار القبلي. ثم ترتقي نتيجة بعدها فصارت 84،4 في الاختبار البعدي، ثم الاستبانة التي وزعتها الباحثة إلى الطالبات بعد استخدام الانتاج بتقدير "جيد جدا".
ABSTRACT
Hafshah Binti Umar Islamic Boarding School Batu is an Islamic Boarding School that makes memorizing the Qur'an and learning Arabic as a compulsory lesson in a curriculum where every students must complete 30 juz in 3 years. Nahwu learning in this Islamic Boarding School aims to give understanding to the students about the rules of nahwu so that they are able to understand Arabic-language texts, especially the religious sciences. However, nahwu learning in this Islamic Boarding School has not paid attention to the interests of the students as memorizers of the Qur'an such as the use of nahwu exercises with examples of the Qur'an. Therefore, the author seeks to design teaching materials with examples of the Qur'an with the behavioristic approach. The researcher uses this approach because it focuses on drill exercises to strengthen the understanding of students in nahwu learning and the use of punishment to motivate students to reduce mistakes. The researcher took examples of the Qur'an that were adjusted to the level of the students as memorizers of the Qur'an.
This study aims to: 1) Identify the completion of nahwu teaching materials with Examples of the Qur'an through the behavioristic approach at Hafshah Binti Umar Islamic Boarding School Batu2) Explain the characteristics of nahwu teaching materials with Examples of the Qur'an through the behavioristic approach at Hafshah Binti Umar Islamic Boarding School Batu, 3) Measuring the effectiveness of teaching materials with examples of the Qur'an through the behavioristic approach at Hafshah Binti Umar Islamic Boarding School Batu. Researcher used research and development (R & D) method with qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data collection methods are observation, interviews, questionnaires, and examinations.
The results of this study are: 1) The educational book was develop in the form of compositions on the basic of the scientific input to upgrade the writing skill following the steps that were decided by Borg and Gall. The researcher began to analyze the needs and problems of theaching and learning Nahwu. And collected data and information for sources of book development. The book was develop and presented by the researcher to the experts for ratification. Then the experiment took place in a specific field and a main field for student. 2) The characteristics of nahwu textbooks with examples of the Qur'an through the behavioristic approach consisting of learning objectives in each chapter, the stimulus is in the form of drill questions and exercises, as well as gifts and punishments, 3) The theaching materials are effective in learning based on the results obtained by students 66.2 in the first trial (pre-test) then increased to 84.4 in the second trial (post-test) and questionnaires distributed to students after using this product.
ABSTRAK
Pondok Pesantren Hafshah Binti Umar Batu termasuk pondok yang menjadikan hafalan Al-Qur`an dan pembelajaran Bahasa Arab sebagai pelajaran wajib dalam kurikulum dimana setiap santri wajib menyelesaikan 30 juz dalam 3 tahun. Pembelajaran nahwu dalam pondok ini bertujuan untuk memberi pemahaman kepada santri tentang kaidah nahwu sehingga mereka mampu memahami teks-teks berbahasa Arab khususnya ilmu-ilmu agama. Akan tetapi, pembelajaran nahwu di pondok ini belum memperhatikan kepentingan santri sebagai penghafal al-Qur`an seperti penggunaan latihan soal nahwu dengan contoh-contoh al-Qur`an. Oleh karena itu, penulis berupaya mendesain bahan ajar nahwu dengan contoh-contoh al-Qur`an dengan pendekatan behavioristik. Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan ini karena terfokus pada latihan-latihan soal (drill) untuk memperkuat pemahaman santri dalam pembelajaran nahwu dan penggunaan hukuman untuk memotivasi santri untuk mengurangi kesalahan. Peneliti mengambil contoh-contoh al-Qur`an yang disesuaikan tingkatan santri sebagai penghafal al-Qur`an.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) Mengindetifikasi proses pengembangan bahan ajar nahwu dengan contoh-contoh Al-Qur`an melalui pendekatan behavioristik di Pondok Pesantren Hafshah Binti Umar Batu 2) Menjelaskan karakteristik bahan ajar nahwu dengan contoh-contoh Al-Qur`an melalui pendekatan behavioristik di Pondok Pesantren Hafshah Binti Umar Batu, 3) Mengukur efektivitas bahan ajar nahwu dengan Contoh-Contoh Al-Qur`an melalui pendekatan behavioristik di Pondok Pesantren Hafshah Binti Umar Batu. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D) dengan pendekatan kulaitiatif dan kuantitatif. Metode pengumpulan data adalah observasi, wawancara, angket, dan ujian.
Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah:1) pengembangan buku ajear materi nahwu berlandaskan pendekatan behavioristik mengikuti langkah-langkah Brog dan Gall. Peneliti memulai dengan menganalisis kebutuhan dan permasalahan yang terdapat dalam pembelajaran nahwu.Kemudian peneliti mengumpulkan data dan informasi untuk mengembangkan buku. Setelah buku dikembangkan, peneliti mengajukannya kepada validator. Selanjutnya peneliti melakukan uji coba produk pada siswa. 2) karakterisitik buku ajar nahwu dengan contoh-contoh Al-Qur`an melalui pendekatan behavioristik terdiri dari adanya tujuan pembelajaran disetiap bab nahwu, pemberian stimulus berupa drill soal dan latihan, serta pemberian hadiah dan hukuman. 3) Bahan ajar ini efektif dalam pembelajaran berdasarkan hasil yang didapat siswa 66,2 dalam uji coba pertama (pre-test) kemudian meningkat menjadi 84,4 dalam uji coba kedua (post-test), serta angket yang dibagikan kepada siswa setelah menggunakan produk ini
Manajemen zakat online di Negeri Sarawak Malaysia: Studi di Tabung Baitulmal Majlis Islam Bintulu Sarawak
No full textINDONESIA:
Zakat online adalah proses pembayaran zakat yang dilakukan melalui sistem digital. Pemberi zakat tidak bertemu langsung dengan amil zakat dalam melakukan pembayaran zakat. Perlaksanaan zakat online tidak memiliki peraturan secara khusus oleh pemerintah. Pihak yang berwenang dalam mengurus zakat di negeri Sarawak adalah Tabung Baitulmal Sarawak (TBS). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui alasan penerapan zakat online dan asas dari penerapan tersebut apakah sah atau tidak menurut perundangan di Malaysia. Selanjutnya, penelitian ini akan membahas perlaksanaan manajemen zakat online dan melihat fungsi manajemen yang digunakan oleh pihak TBS.
Jenis penelitian dalam skripsi ini adalah empiris dan pendekatan penelitian adalah kualitatif, yaitu penelitian yang didasarkan pada obyek lapangan di daerah serta lokasi tertentu untuk mempelajari secara intensif tentang latar belakang keadaan sekarang, dan interaksi lingkungan suatu unit sosial, individu, kelompok, lembaga dan masyarakat. Penulis memilih lokasi beralamat di Kota Bintulu, Jalan Taman Sinong, 97000 Bintulu Sarawak. Penelitian Ini hanya melibatkan manajemen zakat online yang dilakukan oleh TBS. Selanjutnya, metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dokumentasi dan wawancara. Seluruh hasil informasi tersebut dianalisis dengan menyimpulkan data-data yang telah diklasifikasi hingga diperoleh kesimpulannya.
Hasil penelitian dari penerapan zakat online di TBS untuk memudahkan pelaksanaan zakat dari segi pengumpulan dan pendistribusian zakat seperti: efiensi waktu, memanfaatkan kemajuan teknologi, akses luas, praktis, unsur kepercayaan, dan unsur keselamatan. Pengelolaan zakat online adalah sah dari segi hukum karena berdasarkan Ordinan 41 tahun 2001 (VII zakat dan fitrah), Seksyen 66 yaitu terkait kebijakan pihak Majlis untuk membuat kaedah-kaedah mengenai zakat dan fitrah. Pelaksanaan zakat online di TBS memiliki lima prosedur internal yang harus dipatuhi yaitu planning, organizing, staffing, directing, dan controlling. Sistem pengumpulan melalui informasi kepada masyarakat seperti koran, radio televisyen Malaysia, dan media sosial. Untuk distribusi zakat melalui bantuan, pihak TBS memiliki portal pelanggan yang disebut sebagai Baitulmal Kamek (Baitulmal Saya). Manakala untuk macam-macam zakat, pihak TBS telah memprogramkan kesemua jenis zakat.
ENGLISH:
Online Zakat is the process of paying a charity through a digital system. Zakat providers do not directly meet with charity zakat in making zakat payments. The implementation of online zakat does not have any specific regulations by the government. The authority responsible for administering the charity in Sarawak is the Sarawak Temple Fund (TBS). This study aims to find out the reasons for the application of zakat online and the basis of the application whether it is legal or illegal in Malaysia. Furthermore, this study will discuss the implementation of online charity management and see the management functions used by TBS.
The type of research in this thesis is empirical and the research approach is qualitative, namely research based on field objects in a particular area and location to intensively study the background of the current situation, and the environmental interactions of a social unit, individual, group, institution and society. The author selects the address in Bintulu City, Jalan Taman Sinong, 97000 Bintulu Sarawak. This study only involved online charity management conducted by TBS. Further, the data collection methods used are documentation and interviews. All the results of this information were analyzed by summarizing the data that had been classified until the conclusion was reached.
The results of the online zakat implementation of TBS to facilitate the implementation of charity in terms of collecting and distributing charity such as: time efficiency, utilizing technological advances, broad access, practical, trust and security elements. The management of zakat online is legally valid because under the 41st Act of 2001 (VII zakat and fitrah), Section 66 is about the Council's policy to make zakat and fitrah rules. The implementation of online zakat in TBS has five internal procedures to follow: planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling. The collection system is through information to the public such as newspapers, Malaysian television radio, and social media. For charity distribution through TBS, TBS has a customer portal called Baitulmal Kamek (My Baitulmal). For various types of charity, TBS has programmed all types of charity
