1,721,376 research outputs found
Let the walls speak. A brief history of binders in architecture.
No full textThe use of binders and ligands in architecture played an important role in the development of human societies. Everybody is aware of the importance of Portland cement and concrete in modern construction industry, as a matter of fact there would be no urban or long-range modern infrastructure without the systematic technological use of high performance binders. However the huge volumes of cement and concrete produced at present, making them the materials that are produced the most in terms of weight, are raising serious concerns in terms of emitted carbon dioxide and energy requirements. Active research is ongoing to optimize low-energy and low-carbon footprint alternative materials, such as geopolymers, alkali activated materials, and calcined clays. In the past, it is argued that the success of the Roman Empire was solidly built on the clever and widespread use of hydraulic mortars. The long history and development of binder technology is reviewed, with an eye on chronological and geographical patterns
The qualitative method for a humanisation of research
Full text linkHuge progress in scientific research, added to vast investments, have allowed to develop vaccines against the virus responsible for Sars-Cov-2 in times unimaginable, until recently (1). The use of these vaccines has documented their high efficacy and very low risk of adverse events. Undergoing vaccination campaigns around the world are changing the history of the COVID-19 pandemic. Never before has scientific research been a topic of widespread interest as in this period. [...]
Nutrient emissions from river systems to coastal areas. A model application to the Po river (Italy)
No full textThe nutrient emission model MONERIS (MOdelling Nutrient Emissions into River Systems) is applied to the Po catchment,
a large (>70,000 km2), densely populated, highly agriculturally exploited and industrialized landscape. The catchment is located
in northern Italy. The Po River discharges into the northwestern Adriatic Sea. Model runs cover the period 1991–2000. The
purpose is to model the catchment in 2001, estimating nutrient emissions and natural background in the basin and loads to the
coastal area. The model was calibrated with data for the period 1990–1995. After validation with data for the period 1995–2000,
the model is used to evaluate future catchment management scenarios.
MONERIS is a spatially distributed parameters steady state model with a time scale of 5 years. The emissions considered
are originated from diffuse and point sources and delivered trough various pathways (groundwater, erosion, overland flow,
atmospheric deposition, urban systems and WWTPs). In order to estimate nutrient loads to the river system, MONERIS includes
a retention model.
An overview of model input requirements, data needs and related problems and solutions adopted is presented in the paper.
Simulated and measured data of several sections along the river are compared for calibration and validation. The relative
importance of different nutrient generation pathways are evaluated. Finally, forecasted yearly nutrient loads at the outlet of
PO basin for the years 2001, 2008 and 2016, consequence of different basin management scenarios, are presented. The results
are ready to be supplied to a water quality Coastal Zone Model, allowing us to evaluate significant switches in trophic state
conditions of the coastal ecosystem
Natural resources and raw materials at Ischia in antiquity: some data and preliminary reports from an ongoing, interdisciplinary project.
No full textLes objets launaciens: composition élémentaire du métal, composition isotopique du plomb.
No full textImaging with neutrons
No full textBy exploiting the penetration, attenuation, and scattering properties of neutrons, images of matter in two or three dimensions reveal information unobtainable using other probes. Despite the limitation in brilliance of neutron sources, several neutron-based imaging techniques are essential to different aspects of modern geoscience. Typical examples include the evaluation of porosity in rocks and sediments, mapping of light elements in solids, noninvasive probing of cultural heritage objects, investigations of thick engineering components, and the exploration of diffusion and percolation processes of fluids within porous matrices, organo-inorganic composites, and living organisms. Techniques under development include simultaneous neutron and X-ray tomography in heterogeneous media, Bragg-edge imaging, and the possibility of porosimetry from dark-field imaging
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