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    Production and use in the lithic industry of the Mousterian in Santa Croce (Bisceglie, Italy)

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    The techno-functional analysis of the lithic assemblages from the Mousterian of Santa Croce has evidenced the complementarity of the two main knapping processes: the laminar débitage, which is characterized by a higher level of standardization, proves to have a more specialized function with respect to the discoid débitage, which is allotted instead to other more diversified activities. It is interesting to note that the opportunistic use of rejuvenation flakes and core residuals responds to the selection of standards, allowing us to assimilate this category to the objectives of discoid production

    Detection of coliphages and enteroviruses in sewage and aerosol from an activated sludge wastewater treatment plant

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    Coliphages and enteroviruses were monitored over 12 months in sewage and air adjacent to an activated sludge plant. Both showed temporal variation but the mean count of phages in enterovirus‐positive samples was not significantly different from that in enterovirus‐negative samples. Hence coliphages are not necessarily a good indicator of enteroviruses in sewage and aerosols

    Different putative neuromodulators are present in the nerves which distribute to the teleost skeletal muscle.

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    The presence of putative neuromodulators in the nerve fibres was investigated in white skeletal muscle of two teleost fish not taxonomically correlated and showing different patterns of innervation (multiple versus focal innervation). Cryostat sections of epaxial, hypaxial and adductor mandibulae (AM) muscles of Sparus aurata and Anguilla anguilla were stained histochemically for reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-diaphorase. Other sections were used for indirect immunohistochemistry (streptavidin-biotin and rhodamine immunofluorescence methods), employing antibodies specific for putative excitatory or inhibitory peptides, including CGRP, substance P, met-enkephalin, bombesin, and VIP. In addition, ultrastructural observations were performed in order to describe the morphology of the motor endplates. A strong immunoreactivity for CGRP and substance P was found in many nerve terminals. Met-enkephalin, bombesin and VIP immunoreactivities were less frequently observed. No immunoreactivity was observed to CCK, NPY or 5-HT. NADPH-diaphorase was identified in nerve fibres of the AM complex only of A. anguilla. Electron microscopy observations evidenced more than one type of synaptic vesicle in motor endplates. Some differences in putative neuromodulator distributions were observed in the two species and muscle complexes, which may be related to the different taxonomical position as well as the different pattern of innervation of white muscle fibres
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