1,721,038 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
High intensity focused ultrasound for the treatment of glaucoma
No full textLe glaucome est une pathologie fréquente principalement due à une élévation de la pression intraoculaire. La pression intraoculaire est le fruit d’un équilibre entre la production du liquide qui remplit la portion antérieure de l’œil - l’humeur aqueuse - et son élimination. Les traitements du glaucome peuvent donc agir selon deux mécanismes : la réduction de la production d’humeur aqueuse par la destruction partielle ou l’inhibition pharmacologique du corps ciliaire, structure responsable de la production de l’humeur aqueuse, ou la facilitation de l’évacuation de l’humeur aqueuse en dehors de l’oeil. De nombreuses méthodes physiques peuvent être utilisées pour détruire le corps ciliaire : lasers, cryothérapie, micro-ondes, etc. Néanmoins, toutes ces méthodes ont deux inconvénients majeurs qui limitent leur utilisation : elles sont peu sélectives de l’organe à traiter, entraînant souvent des dommages des structures adjacentes, et elles présentent une relation effet-dose très inconstante, empêchant de prévoir avec précision l’effet du traitement. L’objectif de ce travail de thèse est le développement d’un dispositif ultrasonore de coagulation du corps ciliaire circulaire, comprenant 6 transducteurs piézoélectriques en forme de segments de cylindre, et générant 6 lésions segmentaires s’inscrivant dans un anneau de diamètre similaire à celui formé par le corps ciliaire. Les expérimentations animales ont montré une nécrose de coagulation sélective des zones du corps ciliaire traitées par le dispositif. Le premier essai clinique a montré que cette méthode était bien tolérée et permettait une réduction importante, prédictible et maintenue dans le temps de la pression intraoculaireGlaucoma is a common disease mainly due to an increase of the pressure inside the eye. Intraocular pressure is the result of a balance between the production of liquid that fills the anterior part of eye - aqueous humor - and its elimination. All treatments for glaucoma aim to reduce the intraocular pressure and can therefore have two mechanisms of action: reducing aqueous humor production by the partial destruction or medical inhibition of the ciliary body - anatomical structure responsible for the production of aqueous humor - or facilitating the evacuation of aqueous humor out of the eye. Several physical methods can be used to destroy the ciliary body: laser, cryotherapy, microwave, etc. However, all these methods have two major drawbacks limiting their use: they are non-selective of the organ to be treated, often resulting in damage to the adjacent structures, and they have an unpredictable dose-effect relationship, preventing to accurately predict the treatment effect. The objective of this thesis is the development of a circular ultrasonic device incorporating six transducers producing high-intensity focused ultrasound for a selective coagulation of the ciliary body. A circular device with 6 piezoelectric transducers having a geometry of a segment of a cylinder was used to generate six segmental lesions entering in a ring of diameter similar to that formed by the ciliary body. Animal experiments have shown a selective coagulation necrosis of the treated ciliary body. The first clinical trial in humans showed that this method was well tolerated and allowed a significant, predictable and sustained reduction of the intraocular pressur
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Preservative-free versus preserved latanoprost eye drops in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension
No full textThis study compared the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of a preservative-free latanoprost formulation to an established, benzalkonium chloride (BAK) containing formulation for the treatment of open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.sponsorship: Editorial support for this study was funded by Laboratoires Thea, Clermont-Ferrand, France. No author received payment for their contribution to this article. (Laboratoires Thea, Clermont-Ferrand, France)status: Publishe
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
