1,720,996 research outputs found
Bovine Serim Amine Oxidase immobilized on polymers as new approach in anticancer therapy
No full textSpermine enzymatic oxidation products induce mitochondrial modifications on human cancer cells overexpressing p-glycoprotein, at 37 and 42 °c.
No full textMeccanismo di azione e proprietà terapeutiche dell’olio essenziale di Melaleuca alternifolia su ceppi farmacosensibili e farmacoresistenti di Candida albicans
No full textLe malattie infettive sono causate da microrganismi che interagiscono in modo
complesso con l’ospite. La scoperta degli antibiotici e il loro impiego sono risultati molto
efficaci nel trattamento delle infezioni batteriche e fungine, ma il loro uso indiscriminato ha
purtroppo causato lo sviluppo di ceppi patogeni resistenti.
Infatti, negli ultimi anni le terapie anticancro (chemio e radio-terapia) e l’AIDS hanno
pesantemente contribuito all’aggravarsi dell’immunocompromissione dei pazienti che
vivono a lungo in questo stato. Difatti, in questi pazienti sono ricorrenti le infezioni fungine
localizzate e sistemiche e per prevenire l’evolversi di tali patologie viene incrementato l’uso
di farmaci antimicotici anche per la profilassi. Purtroppo, con l’uso eccessivo di questi
farmaci si è registrato anche un significativo incremento dei fenomeni di resistenza agli
antimicotici (1). Storicamente la resistenza clinica è stata definita come persistenza o
progressione di un’infezione nonostante la terapia antimicrobica appropriata. Una
successiva risposta clinica alla terapia antimicrobica, tipicamente, non solo dipende dalla
suscettibilità dell’organismo patogeno, ma molto dal suo sistema immunitario, dalla
penetrazione e distribuzione del farmaco e da complicanze nel paziente. La resistenza in
vitro di un isolato può essere descritta come primaria o secondaria. Un organismo che
risulta resistente ad un farmaco prima dell’esposizione presenta resistenza primaria
intrinseca. La resistenza secondaria si sviluppa in risposta all’esposizione ad agenti
antimicotici (2). Una correlazione di suscettibilità rivelata in vitro con quella riscontrata in
vivo, è stata osservata per infezioni mucosali di Candida in pazienti HIV positivi (3).
Candida albicans (C. albicans) è un fungo diploide che vive solitamente come
colonizzatore innocuo e commensale del tratto gastrointestinale e genitale dell’uomo,
oppure come patogeno opportunista in presenza di uno o più fattori predisponenti (4).
La sua patogenicità è dovuta alla capacità di invadere tessuti e organi e di dar luogo a
difficili, talvolta intrattabili, infezioni superficiali.
Anche l’abilità di C. albicans nel formare biofilm sulle superfici (cellule endoteliali e
cateteri) è considerata responsabile della “resistenza clinica”. È noto infatti, che la
formazione dei biofilms può conferire protezione al microrganismo all’interno degli strati,
portando al fallimento della terapia antimicotica (5)
Meccanismo di azione e proprietà terapeutiche degli oli essenziali su ceppi di Candida albicans farmacosensibili e farmacoresistenti
No full textChloroquine(CQ) and the aldehyde piperidine oximether (EHW437)potenziate the cytotoxicity of spermine metabolite on human cancer cells
No full textA new chemical compound (EHW 437) enhances the cytotoxic effect of spermine metabolites on human cancer cells
No full text1H NMR-visible mobile lipid domains correlate with cytoplasmic lipid bodies in apoptotic T-lymphoblastoid cells
No full textAbstract The presence of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-visible mobile lipid (ML) domains in apoptotic lymphoblasts suggests alterations in neutral lipid metabolism and compartmentation during programmed cell death. The detection of similar ML signals in activated lymphocytes raises questions about common mechanisms of ML formation during apoptosis and upon lymphoblast stimulation. Structure and subcellular localization of ML domains were therefore investigated by NMR, fluorescence and electron microscopy in Jurkat T-lymphoblasts either induced to apoptosis (by anthracyclines or dexamethasone or by serum deprivation) or activated by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) plus ionomycin. ML contents in drug-treated cells correlated linearly with apoptosis, irrespective of the specific inducer and cell cycle arrest phase (r = 0.993, P < 0.001). Similar ML levels were measured in drug-induced apoptotic cells (A approximately 30-40%) and in non-apoptotic PMA/ionomycin-treated lymphoblasts (72 h). Lower ML contents were instead formed in serum-deprived apoptotic cells, with respect to controls. Increases in ML signals were associated, in either apoptotic or activated cells, with the accumulation of cytoplasmic, osmophilic lipid bodies (diameter < or = 1.0 microm), surrounded by own membrane, possessing intramembrane particles. The results support the hypothesis that ML are formed in the cytoplasm of drug-induced apoptotic cells during an early, 'biochemically active' phase of programmed cell death
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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