1,721,005 research outputs found
R.F. Kahn
No full textKahn made contributions which secured him a prominent place in the history of economics in three areas: imperfect competition, the theory of employment and monetary and international economics. He was among the inventors of the ‘kinked demand curve’, having introduced ‘conjectures’ into demand curves, in the form of elasticity values, for analysis of price and quantity produced in oligopolistic markets. He was a major protagonist in the Keynesian Revolution, his most famous contribution being undoubtedly the ‘multiplier’ . But Kahn contributed also to the approach taken by Keynes, by extending the Marshallian supply and demand apparatus from the analysis of one single market to the economy as a whole.
His approach to the liquidity preference theory is perhaps more radical than Keynes’s. To the end of his life, Kahn dedicated his efforts as a theoretical economist, academic and member of the House of Lords to demolishing the ‘mystique’ of monetarism and building an alternative institutional framework on ‘Keynesian’ foundations for the domestic and international policy
Keynes, the Labour Party and central bank independence
No full textThe article examines Keynes’ views on central bank independence (CBI), focussing on an essay he published in 1932. After distinguishing the several forms of CBI, we argue that Keynes only favoured some of them, avoiding impairing the role that political institutions must play in deciding the objectives of monetary policy. We assess Keynes’ views against the background of the crucial transformations that the Bank of England underwent after WWI and of the Labour Party debates on the integration between CBI and the functioning of democracy. Keynes maintained that CBI must protect monetary policy decisions from the pressures coming from both private and political groups; and added that the separation of competence among elected and non-elected bodies must be supplemented by large communication with the society and by cooperation and coordination among public institutions. Finally, we highlight that Keynes’ proposals are relevant for present debates
A model of bimetallism
Full text linkBimetallism has been the subject of considerable debate: Was it a viable monetary system? Was it a desirable system? In our model, the (exogenous and stochastic) amount of each metal can be split between monetary uses to satisfy a cash-in-advance constraint, and nonmonetary uses in which the stock of uncoined metal yields utility. The ratio of the monies in the cash-in-advance constraint is endogenous. Bimetallism is feasible: we find a continuum of steady states (in the certainty case) indexed by the constant exchange rate of the monies; we also prove existence for a range of fixed exchange rates in the stochastic version. Bimetallism does not appear desirable on a welfare basis: among steady states, we prove that welfare under monometallism is higher than under any bimetallic equilibrium. We compute welfare and the variance of the price level under a variety of regimes (bimetallism, monometallism with and without trade money) and find that bimetallism can significantly stabilize the price level, depending on the covariance between the shocks to the supplies of metals.Bimetallism ; Gold
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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