1,721,156 research outputs found
Wherein is the concept of disease normative? From weak normativity to value-conscious naturalism
Full text linkIn this paper we focus on some new normativist positions and compare them with traditional ones. In so doing, we claim that if normative judgments are involved in determining whether a condition is a disease only in the sense identified by new normativisms, then disease is normative only in a weak sense, which must be distinguished from the strong sense advocated by traditional normativisms. Specifically, we argue that weak and strong normativity are different to the point that one ‘normativist’ label ceases to be appropriate for the whole range of positions. If values and norms are not explicit components of the concept of disease, but only intervene in other explanatory roles, then the concept of disease is no more value-laden than many other scientific concepts, or even any other scientific concept. We call the newly identified position “value-conscious naturalism” about disease, and point to some of its theoretical and practical advantages
Private Set Intersection with Delegated Blind Quantum Computing
No full textPrivate set intersection is an important problem with implications in many areas, ranging from remote diagnostics to private contact discovery. In this work, we consider the case of two-party PSI in the honest-but-curious setting. We propose a protocol that solves the server-aided PSI problem using delegated blind quantum computing. More specifically, the proposed protocol allows Alice and Bob (who do not have any quantum computational resources or quantum memory) to interact with Steve (who has a quantum computer) in order for Alice and Bob to obtain set intersection such that privacy is preserved. In particular, Steve learns nothing about the clients' input, output, or desired computation. The proposed protocol is correct, secure and blind against a malicious server, and characterized by a quantum communication complexity that is linear in the input size
Entanglement Verification in Quantum Networks with Tampered Nodes
Full text linkIn this paper, we consider the problem of entanglement verification across the quantum memories of any two nodes of a quantum network. Its solution can be a means for detecting (albeit not preventing) the presence of intruders that have taken full control of a node, either to make a denial-of-service attack or to reprogram the node. Looking for strategies that only require local operations and classical communication (LOCC), we propose two entanglement verification protocols characterized by increasing robustness and efficiency
Conversation with Pieranna Garavaso
No full textPieranna Garavaso is Emerita Professor of Philosophy at the University of Minnesota, Morris. Her research areas include epistemological and metaphysical issues in the philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of language, personal identity, and feminist epistemologies. She received her doctorate in philosophy from the University of Nebraska Lincoln in 1985. She has published Filosofia della matematica. Numeri e strutture (Guerini 1998), Filosofia delle donne (Laterza 2007, coauthored with N. Vassallo), and Frege on Thinking and its Epistemic Significance (Lexington Books 2014, coauthored with N. Vassallo). She edited Philip Hugly and Charles Sayward, Arithmetic and Ontology: A Non-Realist Philosophy of Mathematics (Rodopi 2006), a monographic issue of Paradigmi devoted to Contemporary Perspectives on Frege (2013), and The Bloomsbury Companion to Analytic Feminism (Bloomsbury 2018). She has published articles in English and Italian journals and in edited collections. The University of Minnesota has recognized her teaching and research with three awards: the University of Minnesota, Morris Alumni Association Teaching Award in 2003, the Horace T. Morse University of Minnesota Alumni Association Award for Outstanding Contribution to Undergraduate Education in 2004, and the University of Minnesota Morris Faculty Distinguished Research Award in 2017. In this interview, she explains what led her to leave Italy in the early 1980’s to study philosophy in the US. She also illustrates how her ontological anti-realism in the philosophy of mathematics has influenced her work in feminist epistemology and metaphysics. She defends analytic philosophy from the accusation of being less friendly than continental philosophy towards feminist philosophy
Sul complesso rapporto tra teorie normative e scienze empiriche
No full textIl presente contributo prende in esame due questioni che, seppure in modo diverso, riguardano i rapporti quanto mai complessi che intercorrono tra teorie normative, in particolare quelle sviluppate dalla filosofia morale, e scienze empiriche: in primo luogo, l’eventualità che le scienze empiriche possano contribuire a corroborare o falsificare particolare tesi normative e, in secondo luogo, il rapporto tra i diversi livelli che contraddistinguono teorie normative e descrittive.This comment analyzes two issues regarding the complex relationship between normative theories, particularly those developed by moral philosophy, and empirical sciences: first, the possibility that empirical sciences help corroborate or falsify normative theories and, second, the different levels that characterize normative theories and descriptive hypotheses
Do Feeding and Eating Disorders Fit the General Definition of Mental Disorder?
No full textThis paper aims at considering the conceptual status of feeding and eating disorders (FEDs). Now that the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) has changed the classification and some relevant criteria of FEDs, it is particularly relevant to evaluate their psychiatric framework and their status as mental disorders. I focus my efforts on addressing only one specific question: Do FEDs fit the DSM-5 general definition of mental disorder? In DSM-5 a mental disorder is defined as a syndrome that reflects a dysfunction and is usually associated with significant distress or disability. More importantly, there is an explicit statement saying that all mental disorders listed in the manual must meet the requirements highlighted by the general definition. Thus, I evaluate whether or not FEDs are really meant to reflect a dysfunction and are usually associated with significant distress or disability
Resilience analysis of time-varying networks with addition and deletion of nodes
No full textMost real world networks are dynamic, in the sense that nodes are added/deleted over time and connections among them evolve as well. Modeling the node degree distribution of such networks is very important, as it allows to characterize their resilience in terms of probability of node isolation. Unfortunately, in most cases this is highly challenging. In this paper, we propose an analytical framework for modeling the node degree distribution while taking into account node lifetime statistics. We provide exact solutions for two special cases of networks with preferential attachment, and we present simulation results that confirm the analytical ones
The Notion of Gender in Psychiatry: A Focus on DSM-5
No full textIn this paper I review how the notion of gender is understood in psychiatry, specifically in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). First, I examine the contraposition between sex and gender, and argue that it is still retained by DSM-5, even though with some caveats. Second, I claim that, even if genderqueer people are not pathologized and gender pluralism is the background assumption, some diagnostic criteria still conceal a residue of gender dualism and essentialism. Third, I consider gender dysphoria, which is characterized by an incongruence between one’s experienced or expressed gender and one’s assigned gender; since this condition pertains to distress and disability, not to the incongruence per se, it does not pathologize transgender people. Still, I contend that it should be removed from DSM-5 for theoretical reasons
Conoscenza e approssimazione in matematica
No full textNel saggio si evidenzia la rilevanza della conoscenza approssimata in matematica, con riferimento alla possibilità di dare rappresentazioni dei numeri e dei valori di una funzione con l'approssimazione desiderata, permettendone l'utilizzazione nelle applicazioni
COVID-19 come causa di morte: una nozione tra fatti e valori
No full textIl presente contributo mostra come la certificazione di morte per Covid-19 sia un processo com- plesso che mette in gioco componenti convenzionali (tra cui le regole dell’Organizzazione mondiale della sanità), fattuali (lo stato effettivo del paziente e la capacità diagnostica del medico), nonché scelte di valore. Quest’ultima componente emerge dalla nostra analisi filosofica del concetto di causalità in uso nella scheda di morte, che è meccanicistico ma con un criterio di selezione di tipo manipolazioni- stico, in cui si privilegia la condizione di più facile, efficace o urgente prevenzione
- …
