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El rol de Unasur ante los conflictos intraestatales en la región
No full textThe UNASUR treaty does not consider the prevention of conflicts, however, one of its objectives is to create an area of peace in South America, and for that purpose, has intervened in a series of conflicts that have threatened the stability of the region. The cases have gone from the stabilization of an inter-state crisis to an unsuccessful attempt to stop a president’s impeachment. This article describes the circumstances that shaped the internal conflicts of Bolivia in 2008, Ecuador in 2010 and Paraguay in 2012; and the subsequent role of UNASUR in those intra-state situations. El tratado constitutivo de UNASUR no contempla la prevención de conflictos, sin embargo, uno de sus objetivos es configurar un área de paz en Sudamérica y a partir de ese propósito, ha intervenido en una serie de conflictos que han amenazado la estabilidad de la región. Los casos han comprendido desde la estabilización de una crisis inter-estatal hasta un intento fallido de detener un juicio político de un presidente. Este artículo describe las circunstancias que configuraron los conflictos internos de Bolivia el 2008, Ecuador el 2010 y Paraguay el 2012; y el posterior rol de UNASUR en esas situaciones intraestatales.
Situaciones intraestatales y sus efectos en la seguridad internacional: el caso de Somalia entre los años 2007 y 2010.
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Análisis de las acciones de Unasur en la prevención de conflictos (2008-2012)
No full textUNASUR, the regional organization that is going through its most critical moment since its creation has intervened in a series of conflicts in South America within the framework of its objective of configuring an area of peace in the region; the cases of intra-state situations include Bolivia in 2008, Ecuador in 2010 and Paraguay in 2012. This article analyzes the elements that characterize a strategy of preventive diplomacy, in the interventions executed by the Union of South American Nations in these internal situations. The purpose is to identify a probable causal relationship between the presence and combination of these elements and the outcome of the crisis in question. In conclusion, it is argued that the difference in the factors during the three interventions of the Union is not attributable as the main cause of the different results in those conflicts. UNASUL, a organização regional que atravessa seu momento mais crítico desde sua criação interveio em uma série de conflitos na América do Sul no âmbito de seu objetivo de configurar uma área de paz na região; Os casos de situações intra-estaduais incluem a Bolívia em 2008, o Equador em 2010 e o Paraguai em 2012. Este artigo analisa os elementos que caracterizam uma estratégia de diplomacia preventiva nas ações desenvolvidas pela União de Nações Sul-Americanas nessas situações internas. O objetivo é identificar uma provável relação causal entre a presença e a combinação desses fatores e o resultado da crise em questão. Em conclusão, argumenta-se que a diferença nos elementos que moldaram as três intervenções da União não explica as diferenças nos resultados desses conflitos. UNASUR, la organización regional que pasa por su momento más crítico desde su creación ha intervenido en una serie de conflictos en Sudamérica en el marco de su objetivo de configurar un área de paz en la región; los casos de situaciones intra-estatales comprenden a Bolivia el 2008, Ecuador el 2010 y Paraguay el 2012. Este artículo analiza los elementos que caracterizan una estrategia de diplomacia preventiva en las acciones desarrolladas por la Unión de Naciones Sudamericanas en esas situaciones internas. El propósito es identificar una probable relación causal entre la presencia y combinación de esos factores y el desenlace de las crisis en comento. Como conclusión, se plantea que la diferencia en los elementos que configuraron las tres intervenciones de la Unión no explica las diferencias en los resultados de esos conflictos.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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