1,721,013 research outputs found
The effects of globalization on Italian industrial districts: Evidence from the footwear sector
No full textThe international specialisation patterns of the Italian local economic systems: concentration or diversification?”,
No full textThis paper investigates the evolution of specialization patterns for the Italian provinces over the period 1995–2005 by analysing the dynamics of the sectoral distribution in the Balassa index of revealed comparative advantages. The results show that underlying a relatively stable distribution of national comparative advantages over time, there are wide variations in local performance: only a few provinces demonstrate any stability in their specialization over the last decade, with the majority showing decreased specialization. A higher average degree of persistence for provinces with districts is found, but no systematic differences between provinces with or without industrial districts. District provinces show wide variation, with a few concentrating on their past comparative strengths, but many diversifying
Outward FDI from developing countries MNEs as a channel for technological catch-up
No full textOne of the more recent aspects of the globalization process is
the rise and the increasing outward expansion of multinational
enterprises (MNEs) from developing countries. Among the more
promising effects of this phenomenon is a potentially positive development
impact: through outward foreign direct investment (OFDI)
developing country MNEs acquire new knowledge, which contributes to the technological catch-up of their home countries. This paper reviews the recent literature on OFDI from developing countries, with a critical focus on the theory and evidence of FDI as a channel for technological catch-up. This literature suggests that the features and global business environment of current emerging country MNEs is different from those of latecomer firms in earlier
decades. Modularity of production in an increasing number of
sectors, combined with weak national innovation systems (NIS) in
many developing countries explain why the sourcing of strategic
assets ― including technology and innovation ― from abroad through OFDI has become such an important channel for technological
catch-up
Green finance: An empirical analysis of the Green Climate Fund portfolio structure
No full textWhile multilateral climate negotiations are at a deadlock, climate finance faces a crossroads as the lending community needs to develop renewed strategies on the ‘Future of Environment Funds’. Most policy and scholarly attention have been directed on how to improve the largest multilateral climate fund – the Green Climate Fund (GCF) – own funding, compared to surprisingly few studies on the allocation strategies of the GCF funding. A conventional view so far has been of a Fund devoted mostly to finance non-bankable projects with public funding. Yet, improving the ability of the GCF to channelize both public and private sources of finance, and to contribute to de-risking more traditional sources of finance, would scale up climate finance and at the same time also improve the GCF own attractiveness for contributors. In this paper we empirically analyse the GCF portfolio structure and strategy and suggest the GCF can skillfully fund non-bankable parts of larger “nearly bankable projects”. This supports a view of the GCF that departs from the conventional one
China's outward foreign direct investments: an industry-level analysis of host-country determinants
No full textDo Chinese State-Owned and Private Enterprises Differ in their Internationalisation Strategies?
No full textWe empirically analyze the host-country determinants of Chinese outward direct investments (ODI)
in the period from 2003 to 2008, using disaggregated data by country and sector and distinguishing
between state-owned or controlled enterprises (SOEs) and privately-owned firms. Our results show
that the pattern of Chinese ODI differs according to corporate ownership. Private firms are attracted
by large markets and host-country strategic assets and are averse to economic and political risks
when choosing investment locations abroad. Differently, state-owned or controlled enterprises
follow the strategic needs of their home country and invest more in natural resource sectors, being
largely indifferent to the political and economic conditions in the host countries
Is labor flexibility a substitute to offshoring? Evidence from Italian manufacturing
Full text linkWe test whether labor flexibility acts as a substitute to delocalization. Using Italian survey data, we show that a higher share of temporary workers appears to reduce the likelihood of future offshoring. However, once reverse causality and spurious correlation are controlled for with IV techniques, the relationship vanishes. This finding suggests that the threat of delocalization to win support for further labor market reforms is probably misplaced
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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