1,720,968 research outputs found
Current surgical concepts and medicolegal aspects on rhizoarthrosis
No full textArthrosis of the trapeziometacarpal joint is one of the most frequent degenerative pathologies of the wrist and the hand. This pathology presents a slow evolution mainly characterized by pain, which is associated with joint deformities and consequent functional limitations. The severity of the disease can be assessed according to the classification of Eaton. In cases where conservative treatment (pharmacological therapy, infiltration therapy, physical and rehabilitative therapies) has not had positive effects on pain and joint function, it will be necessary to plan surgical treatment. The aim of our article was to analyze the possible surgical indications and the most used procedures in the treatment of rhizoarthrosis, with particular attention to the potential risks and related medico-legal implications
Nerve lesions during arthroscopic procedure: a literature overview
Full text linkArthroscopy is more and more popular. Although minimally-invasive, it's not completely free of complications as nerves lesions which can be invalidating for the patient and frustrating for the surgeon with significant economic, psychological and medico-legal implications. The purpose was to review the literature about nerve injuries related to arthroscopy. A scientific literature review was performed in PubMed/Medline, including articles dealing with cases of iatrogen lesions of the peripheral nerves occurred during arthroscopic procedures. These lesions are mainly due to direct damage by nerve section while cutting for making the portals or during surgical maneuvers, or indirect damage due to traction or pressure mechanisms especially for errors in patient positioning. Also the tourniquet can lead to compression and ischemic nerve injury. Arthroscopy can cause both transient and permanent neurological lesions manifested with dysesthesia up to paralysis according to Seddon's classification in neuroapraxia, axonotmesis and neurotmesis. Incidence of complications in general and of nerve injuries during arthroscopy are reported by joint. A rigorous respect for surgical technique and all perioperative precautions, particularly in relation to the positioning of the patient, greatly reduce the risk of nerve injury. The suggested waiting time before surgical nerve revision is 6 months. In the meanwhile the patient should perform physiotherapy constantly and improvements should be evaluated with clinical examination and electromyography 15-20 days after the lesion, and thereafter at 3 and 6 months
Current concepts about carpal traumatology
No full textCarpal traumatology focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and management of injuries affecting the wrist and the surrounding structures. The wrist plays a pivotal role in hand function, making it susceptible to a wide range of traumatic injuries. Injuries to the carpal region can result from various causes, including sports accidents, workplace incidents, and falls. These injuries often manifest as fractures, dislocations, ligament tears, or soft tissue damage. Treatment strategies in carpal traumatology have evolved significantly over the years, encompassing conservative approaches like immobilization and physical therapy, as well as surgical interventions when necessary. Advances in minimally invasive techniques and arthroscopy have enhanced the precision and efficacy of surgical procedures, leading to improved outcomes and shorter recovery times
The medico-legal implications of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring, in compliance with good clinical-assistance practices, according to the current Italian legal system
No full textLateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh lesions of iatrogenic nature: from the anatomical insidiousness to the evaluation of the medical responsibility
No full textBACKGROUND: Lateral cutaneous of the thigh nerve lesion is a rare and old pathology. However, it is a returning disease, because the frequency of the nerve lesion is related to the development of surgical procedures of the hip and pelvis (e.g., ankle arthroprostesis by anterior approach), and of the abdominal surgery (e.g., inguinal hernioplasty). METHODS: There is a need to diagnose the lesion and to establish the various therapeutic possibilities of nerve reconstruction. The authors present our multicenter series of cases. RESULTS: The causes of the injury and the clinical interpretation and the professional responsibilities from the medical legal point of view are discussed. CONCLUSIONS: In the context of the not negligible recurrence of injuries to the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh during hip replacement operations, carried out anteriorly, and inguinal hernioplasty, the medico legal aspects of this nerve lesions are very important
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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