1,721,183 research outputs found
Influenza dei principali fattori ecologici sui processi di ammonificazione e nitrificazione nelle faggete dell'Appennino Campano.
No full textIndagini preliminari sulla dinamica dell'accumulo dello zolfo nelle foglie di alcune gimnosperme esposte all'inquinamento urbano.
No full textDETERMINAZIONE DI ELEMENTI IN TRACCIA ED IDROCARBURI POLICICLICI AROMATICI IN FOGLIE DI LECCIO PER IL BIOMONITORAGGIO DELLINQUINAMENTO ATMOSFERICO
No full textUsefulness of different vascular plant species for passive biomonitoring of Mediterranean rivers
No full textChoosing native vascular plants as nutrient and toxic element accumulators for passive biomonitoring of urban river quality is not an easy task in Mediterranean rivers, due to the particular climate determining high variations in river hydrology. To identify potential biomonitors for this area, the roots of seven species (Angelica sylvestris, Apium nodiflorum, Tradescantia fluminensis, Nasturtium officinale, Persicaria lapathifolia, Arctium lappa, Typha latifolia), growing in seven sites along the River Irno (Southern Italy), were collected in July 2010 and analyzed regarding their capability to accumulate Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K,
Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn through atomic absorption spectrometry. Notwithstanding the expected different accumulation degree among the species, they highlighted similar spatial contamination gradients, and all of them appeared suitable, alone or in combination, for river passive biomonitoring. A. nodiflorum, in particular, appeared the best biomonitor for the River Irno, where severe anthropogenic impacts were detected: high Cu and Cd contamination from vine cultivation in the upper stretch, and Pb, Zn, and Mn contamination in the medium stretch from airborne dusts coming from a cast iron foundry
Influence of Pinus pinea plantation on physico-chemical and biological soil properties in Quercus ilex climax areas in Campania (Southern Italy)
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High cadmium concentrations in leaves of leafy vegetables
No full textCadmium is a toxic element for all living beings, even at low concentrations, and it is a human carcinogenic according to IARC. Since food is reported as the main source of Cd intake in non-smoking individuals, FAO and WHO set limits for the maximum permitted human intake. Leafy vegetables have a relatively high potential for Cd uptake and translocation, therefore they are often considered Cd accumulators. As they are important salad crops of the Mediterranean diet and are available worldwide, their consumption may represent an effective risk for human health.
Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and endive (Cichorium endivia), grown on different agricultural soils in Campania region (southern Italy), subjected to different fertilisation treatments (unfertilisation, compost amendment and mineral fertilisation), were analysed to clarify if the highest concentrations found are linked to external (older and inedible) or internal (younger and edible) leaves.
All the leafy vegetables analysed showed on average 2-fold higher (α=0.05) Cd concentrations in leaves than in roots. Leaf Cd concentrations in both lettuce and endive significantly differed among fertilisation treatments, with values highest in the plants grown on mineral fertilised soils. Apart from the soil fertilisation treatments, however, Cd leaf concentrations were often higher than maximum levels deduced by the CE 629/2008 Regulation. External leaves of endive plants showed significantly higher (α=0.05) concentrations than internal leaves (in some cases the values were 3-fold higher).
This study highlights worrying Cd concentrations in the edible parts of the studied vegetables, with concentrations up to 4-fold higher than the threshold. Moreover, it points out two major drawbacks in the Italian and European regulatory frameworks: 1) metal concentration (as total and/or available fraction) limits in agricultural soils are lacking; 2) metal concentration thresholds reported in the CE 629/2008 Regulation, expressed on the fresh weight basis rather than on the dry weight basis, appear not suitable
Dinamica di alcuni indici dell’attività biologica di suoli agrari ammendati con compost da F.O.R.S.U.
No full textcpa - Confirmatory Path Analysis per l’ambiente di programmazione R: un nuovo strumento per la modellistica ecologica
No full textLa modellistica ecologica dispone di potenti strumenti per l'analisi delle complesse relazioni che caratterizzano gli ecosistemi, dai modelli process-based ad algoritmi di regressione avanzati. In numerose applicazioni, tuttavia, più che allo studio delle dinamiche spazio-temporali di un sistema o allo sviluppo di modelli statistici spesso privi di un reale significato ecologico, si è interessati allo studio e all'analisi inferenziale delle relazioni causali tra gli elementi di un sistema. A tale scopo, la Confirmatory Path Analysis basata su una nuova classe di test statistici, i “d-sep test”, è stata recentemente introdotta (Shipley, 2000) per far fronte alle limitazioni dei modelli basati su equazioni strutturali. Tale tecnica permette la verifica di modelli causali mediante confronto con dati sperimentali, consentendo la modellizzazione di relazioni non lineari e l'utilizzo di piccoli dataset, il che la rende particolarmente utile nella ricerca ecologica. La recente introduzione e la pressoché assenza di software per effettuare le analisi ne hanno però limitato la diffusione. Allo scopo di fornire un’applicazione in grado di effettuare in modo semplice e rapido le analisi, abbiamo sviluppato un pacchetto di funzioni per l'ambiente di programmazione R, disponibile sul CRAN come “cpa” (http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/cpa/index.html; Bellino et al., in stampa). Il pacchetto contiene funzioni con interfaccia grafica che ne facilita l'utilizzo per gli utenti non abituati all'interfaccia a riga di comando tipica di R, ed è rilasciato ai termini della General Public License per consentire la modifica del codice da parte degli utenti.
Bellino A., Baldantoni D., De Nicola F., Iovieno P., Zaccardelli M., Alfani A. in stampa. Compost amendments in agricultural ecosystems: confirmatory path analysis to clarify the effects on soil chemical and biological properties. Journal of Agricultural Science; DOI: 10.1017/S0021859614000033.
Shipley B. 2000. Cause and Correlation in Biology: a User’s Guide to Path Analysis, Structural Equations, and Causal Inference. Cambridge University Press
Adaptability of Mentha piperita L. to irradiance. Growth, specific leaf area and levels of chlorophyll, protein and mineral nutrients as affected by shading.
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