1,720,989 research outputs found
Infection with Mycobacterium Smegmatis expressing a chimeric MPT64-PLP139-151 protein depletes the PLP139-151-specific pre-immune repertoire, expands preferentially a PLP-specific CD8+ repertoire and induces R-EAE
No full textModulatory preimplantation factor regulates post-infectious experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in therapeutic setting
No full textPurpose: Preimplantation Factor (PIF) regulates inflammatory response in human systemic immune cells (1). Several autoimmune diseases including Multiple Sclerosis (MS) improve during pregnancy, where PIF may have a protective role. Synthetic PIF replicates native PIF action and regulatory features. PIF reverses chronic neuroinflammation while promoting neural repair in Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis (EAE) model (2). We examined if PIF modulates the novel experimental model of post-infectious EAE developed in our laboratory (3).
Methods: SJL mice were infected with Mycobacterium Smegmatis expressing a recombinant chimeric protein MPT64-PLP139-151 (rMSp139) to induce EAE (1). Mice were monitored daily for EAE symptoms. By day 3 after infection, mice were treated daily (continuously or intermittently at disease peaks) with PIF or vehicle. We cultured Lymph node(LN) cells from SJL mice to analyze the levels of pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines and of transcription factors (Real Time PCR) and the shared T cell receptors specific for antigen (spectratyping). Brain slices from mice treated with FITC-labeled PIF were observed at confocal microscopy.
Results: PIF administration reduces significantly disease load. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, FoxP3 expression and T cell repertoire are not modified by PIF treatment. Administration of fluorescent PIF shows that most of binding in the brain is limited to vessels wall and to scattered parenchimal elements.
Discussion: PIF administration limited to acute episodes of EAE is as effective as prolonged administration and suspension of therapy does not result in rebound of the disease.
Conclusion: These data support the hypothesis that PIF acts at the level of brain inflammation rather than during T cell priming, and propose it as a novel candidate anti-inflammatory agent in Multiple Sclerosis
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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