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Composizione comprendente indicaxantina per uso per la prevenzione e il trattamento del diabete mellito di tipo 2, obesità, stress ossidativo e patologie infiammatorie.
No full textAQUATIC SHRIMPS AS A RESOURCES OF BIOACTIVE MOLECULES
No full textTo date, aquatic crayfish play a very important role both environmentally then economically. Depending on the species they can be invasive, bioindicators or used in human nutrition. Among these species today appear to be important one marine and one of freshwater species: respectively Aristaeomorpha foliacea and Procambarus clarkii. The first is an economically important species highly appreciated by consumers, while the second is an invasive species responsible of the disappearance of the autochthonous species and of serious impacts on aquatic ecosystems (SOUTY-GROSSET et al., 2016). In the case of A. foliacea, the production of waste to date is considerable due to the large quantity of exoskeletons that are which constitute both environmental and economic damage for disposal companies. In the case of P. clarkii being that it is a very dangerous species for freshwater ecosystems, to date it is very important carrying out eradication or control of its distribution. Using the exoskeleton of these species is possible to obtain bioactive molecules such as chitosan. All these aspects are part of the purpose of our study which is part of two project: the PO FEAMP 2014-2020 project entitled "Census, characterization, control and valorization of the Louisiana red shrimp (Procambarus clarkii) in Sicily" and Interreg Italia-Malta entitled "Bythos Extend". In particular, the preparations of the flours and the extractions of chitosan and astaxanthin from the exoskeletons have already been developed in the Bythos I project (MAURO et al., 2022). These protocols were used to extract chitosan and astaxanthin from P. clarkii exoskeletons of different Sicilian lakes: the Rosamarina Lake and the Gorghi Tondi Lake. The obtained chitosans were analyzed using a Jasco FT/IR 420 spectrometer. On flours, were evaluated total phenolic content (Folin-Ciocalteu reaction), ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and radical scavenging activity assays (ABTS and DPPH). The reducing power and radical scavenger activity of flour of A. foliacea was significantly higher than P. clarkii. Flours of the two species of P. clarkii, as expected, showed comparable reducing power. ABTS, DPPH and FRAP radical scavenger activity assays were conducted on astaxanthin and chitosan showing no significant differences. These results are important to evaluate a possible use of these bioactive products in cosmetic, nutraceutical, and/or medical application
Haemolymphatic parameters in two aquaculture crustacean species Cherax destructor (Clark, 1836) and Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens, 1868)
Full text linkThe growing demand for animal proteins of aquatic origin such as fish, molluscs and crustaceans
have prompted some European and Italian companies to focus their attention on some species of
freshwater crustaceans such as Cherax destructor and Cherax quadricarinatus. They are among the
largest freshwater decapods, matures early, females can lay over a thousand eggs in a single brood
and has a broad environmental tolerance. All these characteristics make it highly appreciated species for aquaculture and few years ago their breeding has spread to Europe and recently also in Italy (Sicily). Although some commercial yabby farms have been studied these species from different points of view (dietary supplementation, growth, environmental condition), to date no one has analysed the basic cellular and biochemical parameters of the haemolymph of these two species under standard farming conditions. Information about their hemolymphatics parameters is fragmentary and filling these gaps becomes important for breeding. Cellular and biochemical parameters were analysed in both species to create a reference baseline to identify the state of welfare or suffering of these animals. The results showed that total haemocytes count, haemocytes subpopulations, enzymatic activities and pH are similar between the two species while total protein and osmolality are higher in C. destructor respect to C. quadricarinatus. The knowledge of these parameters could be useful to evaluate the good health status of these species kept in aquaculture facilities
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Cytotoxic Activity of Organotin(IV) Derivatives with Triazolopyrimidine Containing Exocyclic Oxygen Atoms
Full text link: In this study cytotoxicity of organotin(IV) compounds with 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines,
Me3Sn(5tpO) (1), n-Bu3Sn(5tpO) (2), Me3Sn(mtpO) (3), n-Bu3Sn(mtpO) (4), n-Bu3Sn(HtpO2) (5),
Ph3Sn(HtpO2) (6) where 5HtpO = 4,5-dihydro-5-oxo-[1,2,4]triazolo-[1,5-a]pyrimidine, HmtpO =
4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-7-oxo-[1,2,4]triazolo-[1,5-a]pyrimidine, and H2tpO2 = 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-5,7-
dioxo-[1,2,4]triazolo-[1,5-a]-pyrimidine, was assessed on three different human tumor cell lines:
HCT-116 (colorectal carcinoma), HepG2 (hepatocarcinoma) and MCF-7 (breast cancer). While 1 and
3 were inactive, compounds 2, 4, 5 and 6 inhibited the growth of the three tumor cell lines with
IC50 values in the submicromolar range and showed high selectivity indexes towards the tumor
cells (SI > 90). The mechanism of cell death triggered by the organotin(IV) derivatives, investigated
on HCT-116 cells, was apoptotic, as evident from the externalization of phosphatidylserine to the
cell surface, and occurred via the intrinsic pathway with fall of mitochondrial inner membrane
potential and production of reactive oxygen species. While compound 6 arrested the cell progression
in the G2/M cell cycle phase and increased p53 and p21 levels, compounds 2, 4 and 5 blocked cell
duplication in the G1 phase without affecting the expression of either of the two tumor suppressor
proteins. Compounds 1 and 2 were also investigated using single crystal X-ray diffraction and
found to be, in both cases, coordination polymers forming 1 D chains based on metal-ligand
interactions. Interestingly, for n-Bu3Sn(5tpO)(2) H-bonding interactions between 5tpO− ligands
belonging to adjacent chains were also detected that resemble the “base-pairing” assembly and could
be responsible for the higher biological activity compared to compound 1. In addition, they are the
first example of bidentate N(3), O coordination for the 5HtpO ligand on two adjacent metal atoms
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Organotin(IV) coordination compounds with triazolopyrimidines as cytotoxic agents in human cancer cells and their action mechanism on apoptosis in HCT-116 colon cancer cells.
No full textCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF MACROALGAE EXTRACTS
No full textMarine species are a rich source of bioactive molecules and among them, it is known that marine algae produce different secondary metabolites for which different biological activities such as: immunomodulatory (Raposo et al., 2016), antioxidant (Fisch et al., 2003) and antimicrobial (Pinteus et al., 2015) were demostrated. The aim of this study was chemical charac- terize the extracts of three macroalgae species: Carpodesmia crinite (Duby, Orellana & Sansón, 2019), Carpodesmia brachy- carpa (J. Agardh, Orellana & Sansón 2019, WoRMS, 2023), Ericaria brachycarpa (J. Agardh, Molinari & Guiry, 2020), Asparagopsis taxiformis (Delile) Trevisan 1845) to evaluate also their biological activities. The characterization of the secondary metabolites was performed by HPLC-MS and showed higher meroterpenoids levels. Then, the extracts were tested on the Arbacia lixula sea urchin and against the bacterial strains Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. In the first case results showed a modulation in total and differential cell count demonstrating their involvement in immunity responses. In the second case important antimicrobial activities were observed against both bacterial strains tested. The results obtained, although preliminary, are certainly encouraging to understand better the biological potentiality of these metabolites
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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