1,720,989 research outputs found
A garbage model generation technique for embedded speech recognisers
No full textIn this paper we present a simple but effective technique to help the designer of a voice-operated appliance add out-of-grammar command rejection capabilities, with a minimal effort and without overly degrading the recognition accuracy. Given the desired operational grammar of the appliance, and starting from a generic pre-trained acoustic model and comprehensive dictionary, we use a speech recogniser to identify suitable decoys to be added to the target grammar. These decoys will capture most of the spoken out-of-vocabulary words, and with appropriate changes to the desired grammar, will make the rejection of unintended commands quite easy. An evaluation of the performance of the proposed approach has been carried out on a sample appliance we developed, and tested with several users, under different acoustic conditions, in a command-spotting scenario. The reported results show that the proposed approach largely outperforms the standard phone loop-based approach
Semi-automatic acoustic model generation from large unsynchronized audio and text chunks
No full textIn this paper an effective technique to train an acoustic model from large and unsynchronized audio and text chunks is presented. Given such a speech corpus, an algorithm to automatically segment each chunk into smaller fragments and to synchronize those to the corresponding text is defined. These smaller fragments are more suitable to be used in standard model training algorithms for usage in automatic speech recognition systems. The proposed approach is particularly suitable to bootstrap language models without relying neither on specialized training material nor borrowing from models trained for other similar languages. Extensive experimentation using the CMU Sphinx 4 recognizer and the SphinxTrain model generator in a setting designed for large-vocabulary continuous speech recognition shows the effectiveness of the approach
SiSMA - A tool for efficient analysis of analog CMOS integrated circuits affected by device mismatch
No full textIn this paper a simulator for the statistical analysis of analog CMOS integrated circuits affected by technological tolerance effects, including device mismatch, is presented. The tool, able to perform dc, ac, and transient analyses, is based on a rigorous formulation of circuit equations starting from the modified nodal analysis and including random current sources to take into account technological tolerances.
Statistical simulation of specific circuits shows that the simulator requires a simulation time several orders of magnitude lower than that required by Monte Carlo analysis, while ensuring a good accuracy
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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