1,721,215 research outputs found
Dynamics of Global and Organizational Self-Esteem at Work
No full textSelf-esteem represents one of the most important workers' resources, and has been studied from two different perspectives conceiving self-esteem (1) as a global (i.e., global self-esteem, GSE), or (2) as a domain-specific construct (i.e., organization-based self-esteem, OBSE). To our knowledge, no study has addressed the dynamic relations between these two different self-esteem expressions and their concurrent value as useful work-related personal resources. In this study, we addressed this issue using six-wave longitudinal data weekly gathered from N = 279 full-time workers. We privileged the analysis of the dynamic relationships between GSE and OBSE at the state level, with a close eye on their different impacts on important organizational outcomes. Results from Random Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel models revealed that GSE and OBSE did not predict each other over time, despite being concurrently closely associated within each wave. The same close relation between GSE and OBSE was observed at a trait level. Importantly, rigorous concurrent predictive models revealed that neither GSE nor OBSE predicted or were predicted by the outcomes considered in the present study (i.e., job satisfaction and work engagement). We deeply discussed the implications of these results for refining our understanding of the value of these important self-esteem expressions at work
Dynamic Self-Esteem: Assessment, Correlates and Predictors
No full textOver the last two decades, research on short-term self-esteem dynamics has increased and the value of
considering the temporal expression of the construct has been widely documented (Alessandri et al.,
2016). As currently understood, state self-esteem fluctuates around a relatively fixed level because of
both the individual’s appraisal of situational factors, such as positive and negative events in daily life
(Greenier et al., 1999) and the possession of personality traits (e.g., emotional stability) that leads some
people to be more emotionally reactive than others (Watson et al., 2002). These fluctuations carry
important consequences for individuals’ health and physiological adjustment (Alessandri et al., 2023).
This special issue has been conceived as an answer to the need to map the status of research in dynamic
self-esteem expression
Resilient, Undercontrolled, and Overcontrolled Personality Types across Cultures
No full textIn this chapter, we review the recent literature exploring the generality of the Resilient, Under-controlled, and Over-controlled (RUO) types in describing individual personality, using measures of the Big Five factors of personality. The theoretical roots of the three types are delineated with special attention to the classical person-centered approach. Then we focus our attention on studies attesting the existence and the value of the RUO types across different cultures. We will argue that, despite some incongruence among studies, cross-cultural studies clearly attest to the recurrence of three reliable configurations of the Big Five personality traits that generally correspond to the RUO types. In the second part of the chapter, we offer a broad perspective on the current status of research on the RUO types. Finally, we discuss the theoretical and heuristic value of types, critically evaluating empirical proofs sustaining the temporal stability and the replicability of the three types across different samples and cultures. The role of typological approaches within the contemporary debate on the objectives of personality psychology is also discussed
Emotional distress in Catholic priests and religious sisters during COVID-19: the mediational role of trait positivity
No full textThe present study focused on the mediating role of positivity in the relationship between emotional stability, conscientiousness, with positive affect, negative affect, and anxiety, among priests and religious sisters during the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy. We examined the role of positivity as a basic disposition predisposing individuals to a positive mode of viewing reality for priests and religious sisters during the quarantine. We used data from 205 religious participants, collected during the initial phase of the COVID-19 outbreak. Results revealed that emotional stability and conscientiousness significantly and indirectly predicted positive affectivity, but were significant and negative indirect predictors of negative affect, and state anxiety. This study emphasizes the protective role of positivity in the specific population of priests and religious sisters during a pandemic outbreak
The genus bifidobacterium: From genomics to functionality of an important component of the mammalian gut microbiota running title: Bifidobacterial adaptation to and interaction with the host
No full textMembers of the genus Bifidobacterium are dominant and symbiotic inhabitants of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. Being vertically transmitted, bifidobacterial host colonization commences immediately after birth and leads to a phase of host infancy during which bifidobacteria are highly prevalent and abundant to then transit to a reduced, yet stable abundance phase during host adulthood. However, in order to reach and stably colonize their elective niche, i.e. the large intestine, bifidobacteria have to cope with a multitude of oxidative, osmotic and bile salt/acid stress challenges that occur along the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Concurrently, bifidobacteria not only have to compete with the myriad of other gut commensals for nutrient acquisition, but they also require protection against bacterial viruses. In this context, Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) techniques, allowing large-scale comparative and functional genome analyses have helped to identify the genetic strategies that bifidobacteria have developed in order to colonize, survive and adopt to the highly competitive mammalian gastrointestinal environment. The current review is aimed at providing a comprehensive overview concerning the molecular strategies on which bifidobacteria rely to stably and successfully colonize the mammalian gut
Gangliosides promote the angiogenic response.
No full textFormation of new capillaries was induced in rabbit corneas by optimal doses of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) or basic fibroblastic growth factor. Suboptimal doses of either of these angiogenesis inducers were unable to elicit corneal angiogenesis. However, the addition of gangliosides (GM1 or GT1b) to the insufficient dose of the angiogenic inducer, not only promoted neovascularization but strongly enhanced the number and growth rate of the newly formed capillaries as compared with the effect of an optimal dose of the angiogenesis inducer alone. Removal of the ganglioside stimulation led to the disappearance of the newly formed capillaries. Re-establishment of the ganglioside stimulation renewed the appearance of a conspicuous vascular network. Removal of sialic acid from the ganglioside molecule nullified its stimulatory effect on angiogenesis. GMI or GT1b or sialic acid were not angiogenic by themselves. Corneas ready to be invaded by newly formed capillaries induced by an optimal dose of an angiogenesis factor such as PGE1 had a ganglioside content about twice that of unstimulated corneas. The results are interpreted to indicate that ganglioside molecules influence capillary formation not as angiogenesis inducers but as promoters of vessel morphogenesis. The data support the hypothesis that in vivo the level of gangliosides in the tissue milieu could influence the evolution of pathologic processes in which new formation of capillaries is a critical event
Emotional inertia emerges after prolonged states of exhaustion: Evidences from a measurement burst study
No full textExhaustion refers to the feeling of ongoing loss of emotional, physical and cognitive resources. The present study draws on the Conservation of Resources Theory to examine the relationship between chronic exhaustion and negative emotional inertia among 206 employees (aged between 19 and 50 years; M = 21.03; SD = 2.98), in a naturalistic setting. To this purpose, we used a measurement burst design with two intensive bursts—spaced 1 month apart—by repeatedly sampling exhaustion and negative affect with 18 daily diaries (a morning and an evening assessment each day) per burst. After controlling for potential confounders, results showed that exhaustion at Burst 1 predicted negative emotional inertia at Burst 2, and not the other way around. These findings advance the knowledge on the relationship between exhaustion and negative emotional inertia by providing further insights on the likely direction of causality between study variables, that is from exhaustion to inertia (but not vice versa). Practical implication, limitations, and directions for future research are also discussed
Validation of the Organizational-Based General Self-Esteem Scale
No full textUsing data from four different samples of full-time employees (N(total) = 2,474), the present study was aimed to introduce and demonstrate the validity and reliability of the Organizational-Based General Self-esteem Scale (OB-GSE) a new six-item self-report scale to measure organizational-based self-esteem (OBSE) at work. Results provided evidence of (1) validity (internal, external, and convergent), (2) reliability, and (3) temporal stability of the OB-GSE scale. All in all, results attested the usefulness and the effectiveness of the OB-GSE scale
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