179,887 research outputs found
Corticosterone inhibits the lipid-mobilizing effects of oleoyl-estrone in adrenalectomized rats
No full textOleoyl-estrone (OE) is an adipose-derived signal that decreases energy intake and body lipid, maintaining energy expenditure and glycemic homeostasis. Glucocorticoids protect body lipid and the metabolic status quo. We studied the combined effects of OE and corticosterone in adrenalectomized female rats: daily OE gavages (0 or 10 nmol/g) and slow-release corticosterone pellets at four doses (0, 0.5, 1.7, and 4.8 mg/d). Intact and sham-operated controls were also included. After 8 d, body composition and plasma metabolites and hormones were measured. OE induced a massive lipid mobilization (in parallel with decreased food intake and maintained energy expenditure). Corticosterone increased fat deposition and inhibited the OE-elicited mobilization of body energy, even at the lowest dose. OE enhanced the corticosterone-induced rise in plasma triacylglycerols, and corticosterone blocked the OE-induced decrease in leptin. High corticosterone and OE increased insulin resistance beyond the effects of corticosterone alone. The presence of corticosterone dramatically affected OE effects, reversing its decrease of body energy (lipid) content, with little or no change on food intake or energy expenditure. The maintenance of glycemia and increasing insulin in parallel to the dose of corticosterone indicate a decrease in insulin sensitivity, which is enhanced by OE. The reversal of OE effects on lipid handling, insulin resistance, can be the consequence of a corticosterone-induced OE resistance. Nevertheless, OE effects on cholesterol were largely unaffected. In conclusion, corticosterone administration effectively blocked OE effects on body lipid and energy balance as well as insulin sensitivity and glycemia
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Letter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer, Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, October 2, 1942
No full textLetter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer at The Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, regarding property owned by Dave Tatsuno. Zellick mentions a dispute between current tenants and Tatsuno, and that Tatsuno has asked Goodman to help locate trustworthy tenants.Personal correspondence, organizational records, government documents, publications, and other papers created or collected by Joseph R. Goodman documenting the forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, as well as organized resistance to incarceration. Included in the collection are records of the Japanese Young Men's Christian Association and the Japanese American Citizens' League in San Francisco, including papers of the Japanese YMCA's executive secretary Lincoln Kanai; Sakai family papers; Goodman's correspondence to and from Japanese American incarcerees, organizations opposing forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, the War Relocation Authority, and others; publications, photographs, and ephemera from the Topaz Relocation Center, where Goodman taught high school; War Relocation Authority records and publications; and newspaper clippings, pamphlets, and reports about forced removal and incarceration created by various government, religious, and civic organizations, in California and nationwide
Mecanismes d'acció de l'oleat d'estrona: Efectes a curt termini sobre el teixit adipós blanc
No full text[cat] L'oleat d'estrona administrada oralment produeix una reducció del pes corporal deguda principalment a la pèrdua de massa grassa de l'organisme. En aquest treball ens hem centrat en estudiar els efectes del tractament a curt termini amb oleat d'estrona per tal de conèixer quins mecanismes d'acció estan implicats en els seus efectes reductors del pes corporal. Es van iniciar els estudis amb models in vitro, però la presència d'una espècie enzimàtica amb forta activitat sobre la molècula de treball impedeix continuar la línia de treball. Els models in vivo van permetre afirmar que l'oleat d'estrona duu a terme els seus efectes sobre el pes corporal i el metabolisme per vies diferents de les activades com a conseqüència d'una restricció energètica de la ingesta. D'altra banda es va determinar que l'efecte més primerenc del tractament a curt termini amb oleat d'estrona era la reducció dels nivells de colesterol plasmàtic a patir de les 6 hores de l'administració de la primera dosi oral. Aquesta davallada es deguda bàsicament a un increment del recanvi de colesterol esterificat, conseqüència d'un transport lipoproteic accelerat. El teixit adipós blanc experimenta una reducció del nombre cel·lular degut, en part, a un increment de la via apoptòtica en resposta al tractament, que varia la seva via d'activació en funció de la localització adiposa. Finalment es van realitzar estudis d'expressió gènica en teixit adipós mitjançant la tècnica del arrays de DNA. L'anàlisi de les dades obtingudes indicava diferències significatives pel que fa l'expressió de diversos factors implicats en l'extracció d'àcids grassos de les lipoproteïnes (reducció de l'expressió de LPL), en el transport d'àcids grassos (reducció de FABP4 i FATP1), en generar àcids grassos de nova síntesi (reducció de l'ACC i FAS) i en la mobilització de reserves lipídiques i oxidació dels àcids grassos (reducció expressió d'HSL i CPT1b), estant el procés global controlat per factors reguladors com TNFα.[eng] Oral oleoyl estrone treatment induces body weight loss mainly due to fat pad waste. In this work, we focused on the study of short term effects of oleoyl estrone in order to elucidate the main mechanisms involving their weight reduction effects. Initially, in vitro models were used, but the presence of an enzymatic activity affecting our study molecule made it difficult to follow this particular path. In vivo models allowed us to determine that oleoyl estrone directly affects body weight by other ways rather than those used by food restriction. Moreover, it was observed that a decrease on plasmatic cholesterol levels was the first metabolic effect detected on treated animals, just from the very 6 hours after the initial oral dose. Decrease on cholesterol levels could be explained by an increased cholesteryl-ester turnover, essentially as a consequence of accelerated lipoprotein handling. Furthermore, adipose tissue reduces their cellular number on treated animals, in part, by the activation of apoptotic mechanisms through different pathways depending on the adipose pad location. Finally, we studied gene expression in adipose tissue by DNA arrays. The analysis of the results showed significant statistical differences on the expression rates of some genes related to the extraction of fatty acids from lipoproteins (reduced expression of LPL), fatty acid transport (reduction FATP1, FABP4), on generating new synthesized fatty acids (reduced FAS and ACC) and the mobilization of lipidic stores and fatty acid oxidation (reduced HSL and CPT1b), being all the process controlled by some regulatory factors (TNFα)
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Liftings for noncomplete probability spaces
No full textThe current state of knowledge concerning liftings for noncomplete probability spaces is discussed. This is a somewhat expanded version of the author's talk given at the 1991 Summer Conference on General Topology and Applications in Honor of Mary Ellen Rudin and Her Work.PT: S; CR: BURKE MR, IN PRESS P AM MATH S BURKE MR, 1991, ISRAEL J MATH, V73, P33 BURKE MR, 1992, ISRAEL J MATH, V79, P289 CARLSON T, THEOREM LIFTING CHRISTENSEN JPR, 1974, TOPOLOGY BOREL STRUC FREMLIN DH, 1989, HDB BOOLEAN ALGEBRAS, P877 INOESCUTULCEA A, 1966, 5TH P BERK S MATH ST, V2 IONESCUTULCEA A, 1967, CONTRIBUTIONS PROB 1, P63 IONESCUTULCEA A, 1969, TOPICS THEORY LIFTIN JECH TJ, 1978, SET THEORY JOHNSON RA, 1980, P AM MATH SOC, V80, P234 JUST W, IN PRESS T AM MATH S KUPKA J, 1983, INDIANA U MATH J, V32, P717 LOSERT V, 1983, LNM, V1080, P95 MAHARAM D, 1958, P AM MATH SOC, V9, P987 SHELAH S, 1983, ISRAEL J MATH, V45, P90 TALAGRAND M, 1982, P AM MATH SOC, V84, P379 VONNEUMANN J, 1931, CRELLES J MATH, V165, P109; NR: 18; TC: 0; J9: ANN N Y ACAD SCI; PG: 4; GA: BZ86BSource type: Electronic(1
Hansen, Lee (Lee R.). Union, non-union, and managerial pay plan state employees, 2008-2019
No full text1 online resource (2 pages)"July 1, 2021."Provides the number of union and non-union state employees in each of the last 14 years. Also provides the number of state employees paid under the state's managerial pay plan during each of those years. Updates OLR research report 2019-R-011
Impedance measurements for determination of elastic and piezoelectric coefficients of films
No full textMost of those techniques used for the measurement of elastic coefficients for
bulk piezoelectric ceramics are not applicable to films deposited on thick
substrates because the measured properties, such as the resonant frequency, are
usually dominated by the presence of the thick substrate. This work presents a
preliminary study for the application of the automatic iterative method of
Alemany et al. for the determination, from complex impedance measurements, of
the film properties using a conventional self‐supported cantilever design used
in microelectromechanical system applications and fabricated from a PZT thick
film on a Si based substra
- …
