1,720,955 research outputs found
Grammatical and Syntatic Errors in L2 English Writing: The Impact of Language Inteference
No full textThis research examines grammatical and syntactic errors in second language (L2) writing, with a focus on the role of mother tongue interference and developmental processes in second language acquisition. In L2 writing, errors are viewed not merely as mistakes to be corrected, but as reflections of the learner's interlanguage—a transitional linguistic system that represents the learner's current level of grammatical and syntactic understanding. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, this study relies on a literature review to analyze data from various experts in the field of second language acquisition. The common challenges identified include grammatical interference in the use of articles, prepositions, word order, and subject-descriptor agreement, along with syntactic errors such as inappropriate pronoun use and incorrect word order. The research distinguishes between errors caused by first language (L1) interference and those resulting from developmental processes in L2 learning, offering valuable insights into the learners’ evolving interlanguage systems. The study highlights the importance of targeted pedagogical interventions, such as comparative syntax lessons, focused feedback, and practical exercises, to address these errors and improve L2 writing proficiency. Ultimately, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of how L2 learners develop grammar and syntax skills, providing guidance for more effective teaching practices in language instruction
Exploring Logical Analysis and Defined Descriptions for Enhancing Expression Readers in ELT
No full textThe ongoing debate in English Language Teaching (ELT) emphasizes the need for innovative approaches to enhance language acquisition. This study explores the development and implementation of expression readers, a tool designed to improve learners' comprehension and expressive skills through logical analysis and defined descriptions. Logical analysis deconstructs sentences to reveal grammatical and syntactical relationships, while defined descriptions provide clear explanations of linguistic elements. Grounded in a theoretical framework that integrates cognitive engagement and critical thinking, this research examines how expression readers facilitate the structured learning of complex language concepts. The study employs a systematic approach, analysing how these methods enhance students' ability to understand and construct sophisticated sentences. Key findings indicate that expression readers promote deeper linguistic comprehension, improve sentence construction skills, and encourage analytical thinking. The practical implications of this research suggest that integrating expression readers into ELT curricula can enhance language proficiency. To maximize effectiveness, best practices include curriculum adaptation, teacher training, and the development of accessible educational materials. Addressing challenges such as resource availability and learner diversity is crucial to ensuring the successful implementation of this approach in diverse educational settings
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Unveiling Power Dynamics in Online ESL Conversation Classes: A Critical Classroom Discourse Analysis of the IRF Pattern
Get PDFThis study explores power dynamics in online ESL conversation classes through the lens of the Initiation-Response-Feedback (IRF) pattern, a widely used discourse structure in classroom interactions. The research aims to examine how IRF shapes tutor-student interactions, influences student participation, and impacts learning performance. Utilizing a qualitative research approach, specifically Critical Classroom Discourse Analysis (CCDA), the study analyzes recorded ESL conversation sessions from online platforms to identify patterns of discourse control, student agency, and negotiation of power. The Findings reveal that while the IRF pattern facilitates structured learning, it also reinforces power asymmetry, with tutors predominantly controlling discourse flow and topic management. However, variations in feedback mechanisms, such as open-ended questioning and elaborative responses, create opportunities for more balanced interactions. The study highlights the need for ESL tutors to adopt more inclusive discourse strategies that encourage student-led discussions and minimize hierarchical barriers in online learning environments. The implications suggest that modifying the IRF structure to allow greater student participation fosters communicative competence and enhances learner confidence
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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