1,721,005 research outputs found
The Role of Cooperative Societies in Economic Development
Get PDFThis paper examines the role of cooperative societies in economic development. The aim is to investigate the ways in which cooperatives can act as agents towards sustainable community development. The paper is a descriptive survey, which involves the collection of data for the purpose of describing the role of cooperative societies in economic development. The paper posits that for over 160 years now cooperatives have been an effective way for people to exert control over their economic livelihoods as they play an increasingly important role in facilitating job creation, economic growth and social development. The paper concludes that to be effective and successful, cooperatives must continuously achieve two inter-related goals: enhance viability and improve ability to service its members; and remain an economically viable, innovative and competitive enterprise.Cooperatives; Economic Development
Combating Poverty Through Self Reliance: The Islamic Approach
Get PDFPoverty comes at the head of man’s present plight hence, the need to combat it. Self-reliance as a mean of eradicating poverty has become a concept central to Nigeria’s policy in recent years. The major problem of the policy however, is that its approach lacks ethics, juridical elements, divine regulations, and ability to shape and direct the attitude and behaviour of the people toward it, which make it difficult for them to embrace it with deserved seriousness. Many Nigerians do not recognise their religious and moral obligation to become self-reliant and economically independent. The objective of this paper is to examine the Islamic approach to self-reliance as a means of combating poverty. The paper is a literature survey and data is presented based on direct deductions from the Qur’an and Sunnah (the sayings, deeds and approvals of the Prophet) and on the writings of prominent scholars. The paper confirms that self-reliance, as a means of combating poverty is embedded in the Islamic economic system. It also posits that dependence of any able effortless person on somebody else for a livelihood is a religious sin, social stigma and disgraceful humility. The paper further identifies work and strives as the first weapon for alleviating poverty. The paper finally recommends that the Islamic approach to self-reliance as a means of eradicating poverty be implemented as an alternative to the secular approach as that will go a long way in eradicating poverty in Nigeria.Islam; Qur'an; Sunnah; Ijmah; Zakah; Sadaqah
Challenges of Bank Consolidation to the Central Bank of Nigeria: A Descriptive Analysis
Get PDFConsolidation is one of the trends that characterize banking industry restructuring in Nigeria. However, the emerging scale of bank mergers raises challenging policy questions that must be addressed by policy makers in the course of promoting economic efficiency while safeguarding the nation’s financial system. This paper analyses the challenges of the banking consolidation to the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). The paper is descriptive and uses literature survey method. Data was collected from secondary source through CBN publications, local and international journals and other published materials. The paper argues that the recent consolidation poses new challenges to the regulatory authority, particularly in the area of financial system stability. It therefore, recommends that CBN’s policies aimed at providing financial system stability and efficiency should take into consideration the process of banking consolidation and increasing globalisation of financial transactions.Bank Consolidation
An Examination of Ethical Dilemmas in the Nigerian Banking Sector
Get PDFBanks in the modern day society, almost everywhere, play a multifarious role, which includes unifying and intermediary roles between the fund-supplying and fund-demanding sides of the society, executing savings and investment functions. Considering the requirements for protection of the rights and interests of innumerable depositors, establishment of stability and confidence in financial markets along with requirements for economic development, banks are expected to ethically pursue their operations in compliance with the principles of integrity, impartiality, reliability, transparency, social responsibility and controlling money laundering. The objective of this paper is to examine ethical dilemmas in the Nigerian banking sector. The aim is to assess the level of unethicality of some Nigerian banking practices and the extent to which they affect the banking ethical climate. Data was collected from primary source through questionnaire and analysed using Kendall coefficient of concordance. The study found that unethical behaviours are prevalent in the Nigerian banking sector, however, the level at which and the extent to which they affect Nigerian banking climate vary. The study recommended that all stakeholders in the banking industry, namely the licensing authorities, shareholders, sponsors/directors, top management, the regulators, and the government, should be up and doing for ethical dilemmas in the Nigerian banking sector to be managed.Ethics; Ethics Management
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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