1,721,034 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Household Food Security and Child Diet in Northern Regions of Ghana: Evidence from the 2012 Ghana Feed the Future Population Baseline Survey
Full text linkBackground and Objectives: There is dearth of literature on the link between household food security and child feeding practices in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between level of household food security and achievement of recommended child feeding practices (minimum meal frequency, minimum dietary diversity, and minimum acceptable diet) in northern regions of Ghana. Also, the study investigated the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and achievement of recommended complementary feeding practices. Conceptual Framework: The Model of Childcare was used as both the conceptual and analytical framework of the study. The model posits that childcare resources (food security resources, maternal resources, and infrastructure resources) exert influence on child health and development through childcare. Also, happenstances and genes in the childcare model directly influences child health and development. Context in the Model of Childcare either directly exert influence on child health and childcare or indirectly through childcare resources. Methods: Using child data from the 2012 Feed the Future baseline survey (n = 871), logistic regression was performed to assess the impact of household food security factors, maternal characteristics and contextual factors on the likelihood of 6-23 month old infants and children receiving recommended minimum meal frequency, minimum dietary diversity, and minimum acceptable diet. Results: About 36% of children were in food insecure households, and 64% of the children were in food secure households. Chi-Square test of independence indicated inadequate and adequate recommended feeding of children in both food secure and food insecure households. Children in food secure households were significantly more likely than children in food insecure households to achieve recommendations for minimum dietary diversity [O.R= 0.62; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.91] and minimum acceptable diet [O.R= 0.62; 95% CI: 0.40, 0.97]. There was no significant association between household food security status and minimum meal frequency. Compared to infants (6-11 months), children in the age groups 12-17 months [O.R=0.32; 95% CI: 0.21, 0.48] and 18-23 months [O.R= 0.18; 95% CI: 0.12, 0.29] were significantly more likely to achieve to achieve minimum dietary diversity. Also, compared to infants (6-11 months), children in the age groups 12-17 months [O.R=0.34; 95% CI: 0.21, 0.55] and 18-23 months [O.R= 0.42; 95% CI: 0.24, 0.71] were significantly more likely to achieve minimum acceptable diet. Region of residence, household size, and maternal dietary diversity were significant predictors of complementary feeding practices in the northern regions of Ghana. Discussion and Conclusions: There was a decent amount of variance accounted for in the analysis of minimum dietary diversity (.20-.30), modest for minimum acceptable diet (.09-.15) and almost nothing for minimum meal frequency (.02-.03). For minimum dietary diversity and minimum acceptable diet, the models are about the same, and household food security status has importance even accounting for every predictor variable in the models, including a powerful effect of child age. The rejoinder is that how one operationalizes child nutrition care is important; certain aspects of child feeding are significantly related to household food security status (minimum dietary diversity and minimum acceptable diet) and others are not (minimum meal frequency). While household food security was related to two measures of child feeding adequacy, there were instances of underfed children in food secure households and of well-fed children in food insecure households in northern Ghana. Also, child age is related to two measures of child feeding adequacy (minimum dietary diversity and minimum acceptable diet). Although children within the youngest age group (6-11 months) were at risk of being underfed, there were instances of inadequate and adequate recommended feeding of children across the three age groups (6-11 months, 12-17 months, and 18-23 months). The further study of these groups may shed light on how caregivers can be assisted to achieve adequate child feeding, irrespective of the household’s food security situation and the age of the child
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Beyond poverty and violence : aspirations, capabilities, opportunity structures, and cross-border migration intention in Africa
No full textMigration research on Africa has largely been guided by the theoretical perspective that unfavourable economic, social, and political conditions at the macrostructural level are drivers of emigration. These perspectives include the neoclassical equilibrium and push-pull theories, which hypothesize that underdevelopment, income inequality, and political terror act as push factors that motivate emigration from developing to developed regions. Globally, the region of Africa has generally been considered the most underdeveloped, politically unstable, and unequal in terms of income distribution. Despite these unfavourable conditions, Africans do not constitute the majority of the global emigrant population. Moreover, intra-regional migration within Africa is slightly higher than inter-continental emigration from the continent. This puzzling observation challenges the dominant theoretical perspective in migration research on Africa. While there is a general call to challenge the dominant perspective, only a few studies have attempted to do so, albeit inadequately. To address this puzzle, this thesis contributes to the growing body of research that relies on the aspirations-(cap)abilities framework, which offers competing hypotheses regarding the constraining effect of unfavourable conditions on emigration from developing countries. This thesis incorporates the theory of partisan exclusion from economic opportunities, as revealed through qualitative findings in Ghana, into the aspirations-(cap)abilities framework to examine its effect, along with other macro-level conditions, on emigration intentions in Africa. Partisan exclusion from economic opportunities refers to the phenomenon where access to state employment and business opportunities depends on one’s connection with a political group. The thesis adopts a multi-method approach, involving qualitative and quantitative approaches. The thesis merged country-level indicators onto a micro-level dataset of African adults in 33 countries from round seven of the Afrobarometer survey database. For the analyses, the thesis employed binary and multinomial logit models. First, net of micro, meso, and other macro level factors, (1) increasing levels of human development has positive effect on emigration intention in Africa; (2) increasing levels of income inequality and political terror has negative effect on emigration intention in Africa; (3) increasing levels of partisanship exclusion from economic opportunities has positive effect on emigration intention in Africa. Similar results were observed among those planning to emigrate to Europe, North America, and other world regions. Second, highly educated African adults were more likely to plan emigrating from home countries with increasing levels of income inequality, human development, and partisanship exclusion from economic opportunities. Similar results were observed among those planning to emigrate to Europe, North America, and other world regions. The results generally support the aspirations-(cap)abilities hypotheses. To conclude, (1) policy efforts to promote equal distribution of income, development interventions, and political stability will cause many African adults to plan emigration to more developed regions rather than reduce it; (2) putting policies in place to ensure fair access to economic opportunities could dissuade many African adults from emigrating
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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