307 research outputs found
Data Sharing Governance and Management
No full textThe Data Sharing Governance and Management Working Group focused on data intermediaries that help to expand access to administrative data for a broad range of researchers. The group interviewed 11 data intermediaries and identified 9 unique functions that they serve to facilitate the data sharing process between data providers and researchers.
Chair: Ken Poole (Center for Regional and Economic Competitiveness)Lead Author: Monica King (ADRF Network)https://repository.upenn.edu/admindata_reports/1002/thumbnail.jp
Data Quality and Standards
No full textThe Data Quality and Standards Working Group determined where current administrative data quality standards exist and where additional guidance are needed. The group used a hypothetical example to illustrate how improved data quality can make administrative data research better.
Chair and Lead Author: Amy O\u27Hara (Stanford University)https://repository.upenn.edu/admindata_reports/1001/thumbnail.jp
Communicating about Data Privacy and Security
No full textThe working group on Communicating about Data Privacy and Security identified six core stages of the administrative data research lifecycle and developed a framework for how researchers can conduct stakeholder engagement throughout the research lifecycle.
Co-Chair and Lead Author: Kelsey Finch (Future of Privacy Forum)Co-Chair: Jules Polonetsky (Future of Privacy Forum)https://repository.upenn.edu/admindata_reports/1003/thumbnail.jp
Interplay between network configurations and network governance mechanisms in supply networks a systematic literature review
No full textPurpose: This work systematically reviews the extant academic management literature on supply networks. It specifically examines how network configurations and network governance mechanisms influence each other in supply networks.
Design: 125 analytical and empirical studies were identified using an evidence-based approach to review the literature mainly published between 1985 and 2012.
Synthesis: Drawing on a multi-disciplinary theoretical foundation, this work develops an integrative framework to identify three distinct yet interdependent themes that characterize the study of supply networks: a) Network Configurations (structures and relationships); b) Network Governance Mechanisms (formal and informal); and c) The Interplay between Network Configurations and Network Governance Mechanisms.
Findings: Network configurations and network governance mechanisms mutually influence each other and cannot be considered in isolation. Formal and informal governance mechanisms provide better control when used as complements rather than as substitutes. The choice of governance mechanism depends on the nature of exchange; role of management; desired level of control; level of flexibility in formal contracts; and complementary role of formal and informal governance mechanism.
Research implications: This nascent field has thematic and methodological research opportunities for academics. Comparative network analysis using longitudinal case studies offers a rich area for further study.
Practical Implications: The complexity surrounding the conflicting roles of managers at the organisation and network levels poses a significant challenge during the development and implementation stage of strategic network policies.
Originality/value: This review reveals that formal and informal governance mechanisms provide better control when used as complements rather than as substitutes
Market development in the United Kingdom's natural gas industry
No full textThe author shows how, in the United Kingdom, government and industry participants have responded to challenges created by opening the natural gas industry to competition. He concludes that, as a result of cooperation between the government and industry participants, appropriate mechanisms can be established for operating and balancing system and for trading natural gas and transportation capacity. The deintegrated natural gas industry in the United Kingdom is off to a promising start after a long gestation. The author describes the processes of the Network Code, a market-based method for balancing the pipeline system and optimizing transportation by British Gas TransGo (BGT), the transportation and storage arm of British Gas (formerly the publicly owned monopoly transporter and supplier of natural gas). The Network Code is a set of rules that determine how users of the pipeline system cooperate with the system operator when seeking transportation services. The operator uses price signals generated through the flexibility mechanism to choose the balancing measures with the lowest cost to society. The author analyzes the four mechanisms used in physical gas markets, describes developments in the U.K.'s financial gas market, and describes pipeline capacity trading in primary and secondary markets and BGT's pricing of capacity and transportation services. The most important issue today, says the author, is whether industry participants can reach a consensus on how to enhance the existing framework to make markets more efficient. Development of the underdeveloped financial gas market will require cooperation between BGT and the Office of Gas Supply to give the International Petroleum Exchange access to BGT's electronic network, so that it can record and settle transactions. Both BGT and its customers will need to contribute time and resources to developing an efficient tariff structure for pipeline capacity and transportation services in the contract and tariff markets.Oil&Gas,Markets and Market Access,Information Technology,Water and Industry,Environmental Economics&Policies,Water and Industry,Oil Refining&Gas Industry,Carbon Policy and Trading,Energy Trade,Oil&Gas
What are the experiences of those attending a self help hearing voices group: an interpretative phenomenological approach
No full textIntroduction: Self-help Hearing Voices Groups (HVG) have grown in popularity here in the UK, and internationally, since the 1980s. Despite research into the potential benefits of attending self-help groups for other mental health problems, little is known about their potential benefit for voice hearers. The present study was designed to explore the experiences of those attending one self-help Hearing Voices Group in the UK.
Methods: A homogenous convenience sample of seven adults aged between 28 and 48 years old was recruited and participants were interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Analysis was conducted for individual participants in the first instance. Following this, a group analysis was conducted across participants to identify master and super-ordinate themes.
Results: Six master themes and eight super-ordinate themes emerged following the group analysis. Participants experienced the group as A Secure Base which offered the opportunity for Coming Together to Help Ourselves. As well as benefits of attending the group, participants also discussed challenging aspects to their experience; Threats to Engagement and Vicarious Experience. Participants experienced the group as A Catalyst for Change in terms of social and psychological recovery. Finally, participants talked about the sense of Belonging to a Special Tribe which offered mutual acceptance and social inclusion.
Discussion: The main findings of the research project are discussed in relation to existing psychological theories of groups and research into the effectiveness of self-help groups in other clinical contexts. The research adds to the existing knowledge base in terms of exploring how participants developed attachments to the group and its members. Implications for the potential benefits of attending self-help Hearing Voices Groups are discussed. Finally, the clinical implications for Clinical Psychologists working with voices and with self-help Hearing Voices Groups are discussed. The research concludes with recommendations for areas of further research
Research methodology of grazing
No full textThroughout Europe, grass is the main feed for dairy cattle. This report presents the main results of the first meeting of the European Grassland Federation (EGF) Working Group Grazing in Kiel on 29 August 2010. The theme of the meeting was "Research methodology of grazing". There were three sessions: - setting the scene; - modelling of grazing; and - field measurements
Economic Cooperation and Regional Integration in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS)
No full textFollowing a brief survey of the various economic cooperation programs and initiatives in which countries of the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) - particularly Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar and Vietnam (CLMV) - are engaged, this paper examines the extent to which GMS economies have coveraged and become integrated, among themselves but also with other ASEAN countries. Preliminary evidence of stakeholders' involvement in selected subregional cooperation initiatives in also presented. Although all GMS countries have experienced rapid growth over the past 15 years, no evidence is found that participation of CLMV in subregional cooperation and integration initiatives has led to a narrowing of the gap between the least and most developed GMS and ASEAN countries. While significant progress has been made in reducing poverty, within-country inequality also increased during that period. In addition, while intra-GMS and intra-ASEAN trade both increased, trade of Cambodia and Lao PDR with other GMS or ASEAN countries remain small. If the various subregional cooperation frameworks are to significantly reduce the development gap among members, activities more directly aimed at this objective may need to be emphasized. Re-thinking institutional arrangements for regional cooperation at both the national and subregional/regional levels may be considered in order to facilitate participation of a more representative set of stakeholders in the prioritization of activities and to ensure synergies between the various initiatives can be captured.GMS, subregional trade and investment, regional integration, ASEAN, bilateral agreements, economic cooperation, stakeholder participation.
Impact of Language on the Expectations of Individuals Working with Students on the Autism Spectrum
No full textAlthough autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has increased in prevalence over the past sixty-years, the general treatment, understanding, and expectations associated with this designation remain rudimentary at times (Fombonne, 2018). This study investigated the perception of, and expectations placed on an individual with ASD by manipulating descriptive vocabulary. A sample of 220 participants were randomly assigned to either a clinical language (CL) or person-centered language (PCL) scenario involving a student on the autism spectrum
and were asked to respond to a set of items about their attitudes and expectations of this individual. Results were analysed using t-test, chi-square, and ANOVA; they reflected support for our hypotheses, participants in the CL group would report more apprehension or
nervousness regarding the student and presume lower intellect. Contrary to our hypotheses, participants in the CL group did not place academic success lower on the list of priorities, did not recommend the student maintain closer proximity to their support worker, or further
proximity from their peers. These results have the potential to raise awareness regarding potential stigma when working with students with ASD
ReseArch with Patient and Public invOlvement: a RealisT evaluation - the RAPPORT study
No full textBackground
Patient and public involvement (PPI) is a prerequisite for many funding bodies and NHS research ethics approval. PPI in research is defined as research carried out with or by the public rather than to, about or for them. While the benefits of PPI have been widely discussed, there is a lack of evidence on the impact and outcomes of PPI in research.
Objectives
To determine the types of PPI in funded research, describe key processes, analyse the contextual and temporal dynamics of PPI and explore the experience of PPI in research for all those involved. Mechanisms contributing to the routine incorporation of PPI in the research process were assessed, the impact of PPI on research processes and outcomes evaluated, and barriers and enablers to effective PPI identified.
Design
A three-staged realist evaluation drawing on Normalisation Process Theory to understand how far PPI was embedded within health-care research in six areas: diabetes mellitus, arthritis, cystic fibrosis, dementia, public health and learning disabilities. The first two stages comprised a scoping exercise and online survey to chief investigators to assess current PPI activity. The third stage consisted of case studies tracked over 18 months through interviews and document analysis. The research was conducted in four regions of England.
Participants
Non-commercial studies currently running or completed within the previous 2 years eligible for adoption on the UK Clinical Research Network portfolio. A total of 129 case study participants included researchers and PPI representatives from 22 research studies, and representatives from funding bodies and PPI networks
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