1,720,954 research outputs found
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF SELECTED INSECTICIDES ON Anopheles gambiae IN SANGO OTA, OGUN STATE
Get PDFCarbamates, pyrethroids, organophosphates, and organochlorines are insecticide classes used for mosquito vector control, with organophosphates accounting for 3.1% and pyrethroids 89.9% of use in Africa. Resistance to one or more classes of insecticides has been detected in 78 of the 88 malariaendemic countries, posing a significant threat to control efforts. This research investigates the resistance status of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes to malathion, fenitrothion, alphacypermethrin, and deltamethrin in Sango Ota. Larvae and pupae were gathered from Atan and Nestle location
(6° 40’ N, 3° 09′ E, 6° 41’ N, 3° 09′ E) in Sango Ota using the standard dipping method, and raised to adulthood in the insectary. The sensitivity of female mosquitoes that were 2–5 days old and not given blood was assessed to 5% malathion, 1% fenitrothion, 0.05% deltamethrin, and 0.05% alphacypermethrin. WHO tube bioassay techniques determined the resistance status to the four insecticides, with a death rate of 100% in malathion and fenitrothion and 11.8% and 12.5% recorded in alphacypermethrin and deltamethrin exposure, respectively. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect An. gambiae species and also to detect L1014F (kdr W) mutation in mosquitoes exposed to deltamethrin and alphacypermethrin. The frequency of resistance was 1.0 for alphacypermethrin, meaning 100% of the mosquito population studied was resistant to this insecticide, while approximately 23.5% showed resistance to deltamethrin. This study indicated the high efficacy of malathion and fenitrothion for mosquito control in Sango Ota and the substantial resistance to alphacypermethrin and deltamethrin. Continued mosquito surveillance and resistance profiling are essential for effective malaria control and to inform future vector management strategies
LEVERAGING THE SUCCESS OF MRNA LIPID NANOPARTICLE VACCINE IN COVID-19 TREATMENT: A NARRATIVE REVIEW ON ITS POTENTIAL APPLICATION IN MALARIA TREATMENT
No full textMalaria, which is caused by the Plasmodium parasite and transmitted by mosquitoes, continues to be a major global health issue. The worldwide health community continues to work toward finding a conclusive answer to the malaria problem, but it is still elusive. Developing a successful malaria vaccine has proven difficult due to the Plasmodium parasite’s complicated life cycle and ability to change and develop resistance to interventions rapidly. Amidst this backdrop, the advent of mRNA Lipid Nanoparticle (mRNA-LNP) vaccines, exemplified by their resounding success in mitigating the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, has kindled newfound hope in vaccine development. This review examines the potential of leveraging mRNA technology to induce a robust immune response, thereby potentially revolutionising the landscape of malaria prevention through the development of breakthrough malaria vaccines. The intricate interplay between the efficacy of the mRNA-LNP vaccine against COVID-19 and its prospective utility in addressing malaria is also deliberated upon
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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