1,721,169 research outputs found
La conservazione della biodiversità in ecosistemi dunali costieri. In: La conservazione ex situ della biodiversità delle specie vegetali spontanee e coltivate in Italia
No full textGli habitat delle coste sabbiose italiane: ecologia e problematiche di conservazione
No full textIl volume, risultato di una collaborazione tra Dipartimento Difesa della Natura dell’ISPRA e Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Università di Roma Tre, presenta una sintesi delle conoscenze sugli habitat dunali italiani e sulle specie vegetali tipiche di questi ambienti. L’obiettivo è di fornire uno strumento utile per la conoscenza, la gestione e la tutela di questi ecosistemi, fortemente minacciati a livello nazionale ed europeo. Lo studio riassume i caratteri ecologici e geomorfologici delle dune costiere (cap.1) e descrive in forma di schede gli habitat dunali italiani di interesse comunitario (Direttiva 92/43/CEE) (cap.2) e le principali specie vegetali psammofile (cap.3). Le schede riportano informazioni relative a: nomenclatura, classificazione, ecologia, distribuzione, corologia, minacce, stato di conservazione e trend, il tutto corredato da immagini ed iconografia originali. Infine il volume tocca anche il tema del monitoraggio, delle pressioni e delle azioni di conservazione (cap. 4).This volume is the outcome of a collaboration between the ISPRA Nature Protection Department and the Science Department of the Roma 3 University. The volume provides a synthesis of current knowledge on the Italian sand dune habitats and of the plant species typical of these environments, with the aim of providing a useful tool for the protection and management of these highly threatened ecosystems at a national and European scale. The study summarizes the ecological and geomorphological features of coastal dunes (chapter 1) and describes in the form of descriptive sheets both the Italian dune habitats of community interest (Directive 92/43/CEE) (chapter 2) and the main psammophilous plant species (chapter 3). The habitat/species sheets report: nomenclature, classification, ecology, distribution, chorology, specific pressures, conservation status and trends, with photographs and original iconography. Lastly habitat and species monitoring are considered including also major threats and conservation actions (chapter 4)
Ruolo ecologico delle comunità biotiche del suolo e strategie di prevenzione del disturbo antropico
No full text
What has happened to coastal dunes in the last half century? A multitemporal coastal landscape analysis in Central Italy
No full text""The current degradation of the Mediterranean coastal landscape highlights the necessity of, performing. long term multitemporal analysis to guide land managers seeking to improve coastal, conservation,. planning and management. This work sets out to quantify landscape changes for the last, 50 years in. one sector of the Italian coast, with emphasis on natural dune cover types, and to analyze, their spatial. configuration in relation to the anthropogenic cover types to investigate the processes, underlying these. changes. On the basis of detailed land-cover maps (dated 1954, 1986 and 2006), we, assessed landscape. changes by transition matrices. The spatial pattern of natural dune cover types, (Beaches with Pioneer. annual Vegetation, Herbaceous Dune Vegetation and Woody Dune Vegetation), for the three dates was. described by patch-based (Patch Size and Shape Index) and edge-based metrics, (patch shared boundaries. with manmade cover types) and compared using the non-parametric, Kruskal–Wallis median test.. Multitemporal analyses provided a description of the coastal changes, occurred in the last half century.. Particularly notable are consistent intensification of agricultural and, afforestation activities in the inner. sectors of the dunes and a widespread urbanization. The natural, dune cover types, originally distributed. in few large and elongated patches, have undergone a, substantial reduction of extent and an alteration in. their spatial pattern, being now reduced to many, small and regular patches. A significant rise of contacts. between natural dune cover types and, urbanized areas and infrastructures was observed. Such landscape. analysis could be useful to develop, management strategies for coastal dune areas."
Landscape change and ecosystem classification in a municipal district of a small city (Isernia, Central Italy)
No full textLandscape changes taking place from 1954 to 1992 in the muncipal district of Isernia city (Central Italy)
were described in relation to a system of ecosystem classification. Isernia municipal district was selected for study
because recent historic changes in this area represent a typical example of landscape transformation similar to many
small cities of Italy and other Mediterranean countries. To assess overall changes, three land cover maps (scale
1:25,000) were derived from panchromatic aerial photographs and field surveys. These were then digitalised in a
Geographic Information System. A Land Facet (LF) map was derived by combining a phytoclimatic, a
lithostatigrafic and a topographic map, and then digitalised as data layers in the same GIS. Results demonstrated two
main landscape transformation trends: forest and semi-natural areas increased (8%), whereas agricultural areas
decreased (12%). The urban area was relatively small during the entire analysed period, growing from 1% in 1954,
to just 5% in 1992. Forest coverage was significant on reliefs, on hillside ecosystems such as limestone and on clay
and marl hills LF. Arable land was particularly significant in flat ecosystems with deeper soils, such as on recent
alluvial plain LF. These temporal changes were interpreted as being related to the replacement of traditional farming
methods (grazing pastures) with more intensive methods (crop fields), especially on alluvial plains
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