169 research outputs found
Second Generation Antipsychotics Induce Metabolic Syndrome in Adipose Tissue Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Through aPKC-Dependent Pathway
No full textMetabolic syndrome (MetS) defines a cluster of metabolic abnormalities that include obesity, and insulin resistance. Mature adipocytes and adipose derived stem cells (ADSC) of visceral white adipose tissue (vWAT) are primarily involved in the biological processes occurring during MetS, but the role of ADSCs has not been fully clarified yet. Patient undergoing long term treatment with second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) are more prone to develop MetS with a high increase in comorbidities. In this study we investigated the effects of olanzapine and clozapine on primary human ADSCs, isolated from visceral WAT. Our evidence showed that these drugs impair the endolysosomal compartment with consequent accumulation of acidic vesicles and stimulation of lysosomal biogenesis through TFEB activation. Olanzapine disrupted insulin signaling by inhibiting insulin receptor endocytosis, turnover, and downstream pathways. Moreover, olanzapine impaired lipid droplets formation during adipogenic differentiation. Our data demonstrated that PKCζ is required for nuclear translocation of TFEB and acidic vesicles formation. Inhibition of PKCζ restored insulin receptor tyrosine phosphorylation, physiological turnover of insulin receptor, and downstream signaling upon olanzapine treatment. Lastly, we found that PKCζ activation induced by olanzapine is mediated by the intracellular increase of phosphatidic acid synthetized by PLD downstream GPCR signaling. In conclusion, our results show that treatment with SGAs affect endolysosomal compartment homeostasis and insulin signaling in a PKCζ-dependent manner. These evidence make SGAs an interesting class of compounds for studying the relationship between lysosomal pathways and metabolic dysfunctions, helping to further characterize the molecular alteration occurring in visceral adipose during MetS.Metabolic syndrome (MetS) defines a cluster of metabolic abnormalities that include obesity, and insulin resistance. Mature adipocytes and adipose derived stem cells (ADSC) of visceral white adipose tissue (vWAT) are primarily involved in the biological processes occurring during MetS, but the role of ADSCs has not been fully clarified yet. Patient undergoing long term treatment with second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) are more prone to develop MetS with a high increase in comorbidities. In this study we investigated the effects of olanzapine and clozapine on primary human ADSCs, isolated from visceral WAT. Our evidence showed that these drugs impair the endolysosomal compartment with consequent accumulation of acidic vesicles and stimulation of lysosomal biogenesis through TFEB activation. Olanzapine disrupted insulin signaling by inhibiting insulin receptor endocytosis, turnover, and downstream pathways. Moreover, olanzapine impaired lipid droplets formation during adipogenic differentiation. Our data demonstrated that PKCζ is required for nuclear translocation of TFEB and acidic vesicles formation. Inhibition of PKCζ restored insulin receptor tyrosine phosphorylation, physiological turnover of insulin receptor, and downstream signaling upon olanzapine treatment. Lastly, we found that PKCζ activation induced by olanzapine is mediated by the intracellular increase of phosphatidic acid synthetized by PLD downstream GPCR signaling. In conclusion, our results show that treatment with SGAs affect endolysosomal compartment homeostasis and insulin signaling in a PKCζ-dependent manner. These evidence make SGAs an interesting class of compounds for studying the relationship between lysosomal pathways and metabolic dysfunctions, helping to further characterize the molecular alteration occurring in visceral adipose during MetS
Enti ecclesiastici cattolici e procedure concorsuali. La rilevanza del "patrimonio stabile" nella gestione della crisi
No full textWithin the economic framework coming from the 2008 financial downturn, many ecclesiastical institutions involved in commercial activities found themselves in severe financial crises, sometimes leading them to not be able to reimburse their debts. The enforcement of a classical bankruptcy law however does not seem to be fully tailored on these ecclesiastical institutions specificities. Indeed the current Italian bankruptcy law puts the ecclesiastical institutions assets under an indiscriminate attack that can seriously affect their survival and thus to ensure the satisfaction of the "religious" needs they exist for.
In such a context, given the statement of the article 7.3, Law 121/1985 which emphasizes that the common law should be applied paying particular attention to the structure and the purpose of religious institutions, the present work attempt at developing a fist reflection on a specific canon law regulatory scheme, i.e. the "stable patrimony", which aim is to guarantee and protect a minimum assets useful to the survival of the ecclesiastical organization. After a first description and analysis of the "stable patrimony" profiles in a canon law perspective, the issue will be also addressed from the relevant point of view of the Church and State relations treaties
Il ruolo dell'attività consultiva nell'avvio del pontificato di papa Francesco
No full textContributo sottoposto a valutazioneSOMMARIO: 1. Premessa - 2. Le origini della funzione consultiva nella vita della Chiesa - 3. Il Concilio Vaticano II e il rinnovato vigore della funzione consultiva - 4. Concistoro cardinalizio e Sinodo dei vescovi: esempi istituzionali dell’incidenza della funzione consultiva nella vita della Chiesa - 5. La dimensione consultiva al servizio del Successore di Pietro - 6. Conclusioni: per un “ricupero” degli elementi originali della funzione consultiva nella vita della Chiesa. AbstractThe aim of this paper is to examine the role played by the consultation principle in the life of the Church. Indeed, Pope Francesco underlined the importance of this concept and – from the beginning of his pontificate – widely used this “decision-making model”. Moreover, he based the ecclesiastical reform on this principle, in particular with the creation of the new council of cardinals, with the task to assist the holy father in the government of the Universal Church and to study possible revision of the apostolic constitution “Pastor Bonus” on the Roman Curia.Through a reflection that moves from the origins of the principle and its renewed strength during the Second Vatican Council, the paper allows concluding that the consultative principle plays a central role in the life of the church, even greater than that assumed within the jurisdiction of the states. This belief opens up further studies, able to deepen the original elements of the ecclesiastical consultation practice, with the aim of developing this model of government
Apuleio il grande?
No full textIn a passage of De ostentis (44, 98.6-7 Wachsmuth2) John Lydus seems to have highly extolled the fame of Apuleius by calling him “the Great”. A preliminary survey of the quotations from Apuleius in Lydus’ works, however, shows that the ancient author’s name is never accompanied by ὁ μέγας or any other comparable a!ribute. In fact, the transmitted reading ὁ μέγας Ἀπουλήϊος appears to be the result of a textual corruption. On the basis of a new examination of the manuscripts containing the passage in question, coupled
with a critical analysis of the di+erent choices made by various editors of the text and an attentive consideration of Lydus’ usus scribendi that suggests more appropriate punctuation, the paper proves that the reading ὁ μέγας is clearly unsustainable. An emendation is, therefore, clearly needed, and ὁμοίως is proposed as a reasonable one because it would restore the syntax of the passage and is perfectly adequate to the context
Società civile e società religiosa tra diritto e storia : scritti scelti
No full textScritti scelti di Luciano Musselli
Postmodernist rereadings of Virginia Woolf's to the lighthouse
No full textThis thesis deals with those contemporary novels, known as biofictions, which not only rewrite the lives of historical, canonical authors in a fictional way, but also engage in a dialogue with their precursors’ texts. Biofictions have extended the tradition of life writing and, through the practice of rewriting, have made a significant contribution to reading the past in relation to the present.
Since, in recent years, Virginia Woolf has been the protagonist of many biofictions and several of her novels and themes have been reworked in a variety of different ways, I chose to investigate the reason for her appeal to contemporary tastes. Thus, I focused on her most autobiographical novel, To the Lighthouse, in which Virginia Woolf openly drew inspiration from her own life experience, her memories and feelings, and transformed biographical facts into fiction, so much so that it is certainly a novel about her family, childhood and her struggles to become an artist.
My choice was guided by the awareness that life writing has been reconfigured from a postmodernist perspective, and, since Woolf’s life and work are continuously being rewritten, I wanted to examine whether To the Lighthouse, a personal real life history rewritten as fiction, could be read as an antecedent of contemporary biofictions. Virginia Woolf herself, in fact, engaged with the question of life writing, extended its range and explored the relationship between auto/biography and fiction, a tradition that Postmodernism has further developed. To the Lighthouse uses auto/biography, but extends its limits and turns it into something between biography and fiction. Virginia Woolf borrows elements and events from her own life and “recycles” them to offer her own vision of the world, to the extent that To the Lighthouse can be read both as pure fiction and as fictional autobiography.
The effects of Woolf’s experiments in life writing and of her blurring the rigid borders between fact and fiction are central to those postmodernist novels, which deal with the complex relationship between life and fiction. Her novel is definitely a work of fiction, but I argue that being so full of both life (bio) and personal history, it allows us to draw a connection between her form of life writing and contemporary biofictions.
I hope to contribute to this field by discussing two postmodernist biofictions: Maggie Gee’s Virginia Woolf in Manhattan and Susan Sellers’ Vanessa and Virginia, which I read not only as an evident rewriting of Woolf’s life, but also as a dialogue, more or less obvious, with To the Lighthouse. In doing so, I adopt an intertextual approach, which places these biofictions in relation not only to Woolf’s life, but also to her novel.
I follow two main routes of exploration: the first is to see how in To the Lighthouse, Virginia Woolf mixes real facts from her life with events and thoughts she only imagines, thus creating a work of fiction. The second is to see how the two postmodernist novels, the object of this thesis, bestride two fields: the bio-fictional, which engages with Woolf’s life, mixes real and imaginary experiences and recreates her thoughts, and the intertextual, which engages significantly with Woolf’s work, namely with To the Lighthouse.
Virginia Woolf in Manhattan and Vanessa and Virginia, with their many references to To the Lighthouse illuminate Woolf’s continuous interest in life writing, which she revealed in many essays and her significant experiment in “using” life in her novel. Thus, they make a contribution to the refashioning of To the Lighthouse: both novels centre around such themes as family ties, personal losses, the effort that artistic creation requires and the value of fame, which are pivotal in To the Lighthouse and adopt Woolf’s pioneering technique of exploring the inner life of her characters. Their books are thought-provoking and raise serious questions about our relationship with Virginia Woolf and, more specifically, with To the Lighthouse
Michele Psello, Vita di s. Aussenzio di Bitinia, introduzione, traduzione e commento a cura di Paolo Varalda
No full textUmberto Parenti. -A Guide to the Microlepidoptera of Europe. With the cooperation of Piero Giuseppe Varalda, foreword of Sandro Ruffo. Guide I, avril 2000
No full textNel Jacques. Umberto Parenti. -A Guide to the Microlepidoptera of Europe. With the cooperation of Piero Giuseppe Varalda, foreword of Sandro Ruffo. Guide I, avril 2000. In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 105 (4), octobre 2000. p. 380
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