1,721,044 research outputs found
L'impatto a lungo termine del trauma bellico su personalità e difese in adolescenza
No full textIntroduzione: La maggior parte delle ricerche condotte fino ad oggi sull’impatto psicologico della guerra si sono concentrate sulle conseguenze a breve e medio termine di questo tipo di trauma sul funzionamento mentale della popolazione adulta, in particolar modo sui militari, e hanno valutato principalmente le patologie di Asse I, anche se non mancano studi sulle popolazioni civili e i reduci dei campi di concentramento. (Krystal, 1968; 1978; 1982; Titchener, Ross, 1974; Bleich et al., 1992; Solomon et al., 1993). Di gran lunga meno indagati per mezzo di ricerche empiriche sono gli effetti a lungo termine dei traumi bellici sullo sviluppo psichico.
Obiettivo: Obiettivo di questo lavoro è presentare i risultati di una ricerca pilota trasversale sugli effetti a lungo termine del trauma bellico sulla personalità e il funzionamento difensivo di un campione di soggetti adolescenti.
Metodo: Il campione è composto da 55 soggetti adolescenti, 30 kosovari di etnia albanese (gruppo clinico) e 25 albanesi (gruppo di controllo); le Clinical Diagnostic Interview (Westen, Weinberger, 2004), condotte con tutti i soggetti del campione, sono state audioregistrate, trascritte e quindi valutate da due rater indipendenti con la SWAP-200-A (Westen et al., 2003) e da altri due rater indipendenti con la DMRS (Perry, 1990). Sono state inoltre somministrati la DES (Bernstein, Putnam, 1986) e la SCID-D-R (Steinberg, 1994) per una valutazione delle esperienze dissociative, le interviste SCID I e II del DSM per identificare i disturbi clinici e di personalità presentati dai soggetti e un questionario ad hoc per valutare in che misura i diversi soggetti sono stati colpiti dalle vicissitudine belliche.
Risultati: la U di Mann-Whitney per due campioni indipendenti ha messo in evidenza che i soggetti traumatizzati differiscono da quelli non traumatizzati per la presenza di tratti di personalità schizoidi, schizotipici, istrionici e dipendenti più forti, mentre la capacità di buon funzionamento e i tratti ossessivi sembrano maggiori nei soggetti del gruppo di controllo; i soggetti traumatizzati fanno inoltre maggiore ricorso all’amnesia dissociativa, alla dissociazione e a difese borderline e di acting, in particolare l'aggressione passiva e la scissione; i soggetti non traumatizzati, invece, presentano una percentuale maggiore di difese ossessive, in particolare l'intellettualizzazione e l'annullamento retroattivo. Nel complesso, i soggetti traumatizzati presentano uno stile difensivo meno maturo. Infine, dall’analisi della regressione gerarchica risulta che onnipotenza e confusione dissociativa sono tanto più forti quanto più si è stati esposti al trauma
Impatto a lungo termine del trauma bellico sulla personalità e le difese in un campione di adolescenti balcanici: uno studio esplorativo
No full textLa maggior parte delle ricerche sull’impatto dei traumi bellici sul funzionamento psichico ha indagato gli effetti a breve e medio termine su soggetti adulti, in genere militari, e si è concentrata sui
sintomi dissociativi e sul disturbo post-traumatico da stress. Più rari sono i contributi sull’impatto a lungo termine dei traumi bellici sullo sviluppo psichico di soggetti adolescenti. Questo lavoro si propone di indagare l’impatto a lungo termine dei traumi bellici sulla personalità e i meccanismi di difesa di un campione di 55 adolescenti (30 kosovari e 25 albanesi). A tutti i soggetti è stata somministrata l’Intervista Clinico-Diagnostica (ICD; Westen, Weinberger, 2003); tutte le interviste sono state registrate, trascritte e valutate con la Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure-200 (SWAP-200; Westen, Shedler, 1999a, b) e la
Defense Mechanism Rating Scale (DMRS; Perry, 1990). I soggetti sono stati inoltre valutati con la Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Axis I e II Disorders (SCID-I e SCID-II, First et al., 1992), la Structured Clinical Interview for DSM – Dissociative Disorders Revised (SCID-D-R, Steinberg, 1995) e un questionario ad hoc per la valutazione del livello di coinvolgimento traumatico. I risultati di questo studio mettono in evidenza come i traumi bellici sembrino favorire difficoltà nella mentalizzazione, nella regolazione delle emozioni e nell’autonomia interpersonale (tratti schizoidi, istrionici e dipendenti) e ridurre le capacità di buon funzionamento della personalità. Infine, sembra confermata la tendenza a strutturare risposte di tipo dissociativo a eventi traumatici
Controlled Sprouting of Durum Wheat: Effects on Starch and Protein Characteristics
No full textGrain sprouting leads to the development of specific enzymatic pattern that may improve both micronutrient bioavailability and sensory characteristics. On the other side, high accumulation in enzymes is usually associated with dough weakening and stickiness. Thus, a controlled wheat sprouting process could be useful to assess the perfect balance between nutritional advantages and technological performance.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of durum wheat sprouting under controlled conditions on both starch and protein characteristics.
Durum wheat kernels were sprouted at 20 °C and 90 % relative humidity, and sampled after 24, 36, 48, and 62 hours. After sprouting, samples were dried and milled into semolina flour.
The effects of sprouting time were assessed on gluten aggregation kinetics by the Glutopeak® and starch pasting properties by the Rapid Visco Analyzer®. In addition, amylase activity was evaluated by using the Falling Number.
Despite the proteolytic activity developed during sprouting, the gluten proteins were still able to aggregate. However, the decrease in maximum torque and energy required for gluten aggregation suggested gluten weakening. Moreover, after sprouting proteins required more time for aggregation (i.e. high peak maximum time). No significant differences were detected between 36 and 48 hours, whereas the worst aggregation properties were measured after 62 h of sprouting. As regards starch, sprouting led to drastic decreases in viscosity during both the heating (i.e. peak viscosity and breakdown) and cooling (i.e. final viscosity and setback) phases, due to the increase in amylase activity (i.e. decrease in Falling number). Adding silver nitrate – a strong amylase inhibitor – peak and final viscosity greatly increased, indicating that the pasting and gelation properties of starch were not compromised by sprouting.
Further works are ongoing to evaluate the effects of using sprouted durum wheat on bread characteristics
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Immunohistochemical localisation of PDE5 in rat lung during pre-and postnatal development.
Full text linkIn mammalian lung, at the transition to extrauterine life, NO/cGMP signal transduction system is known to play crucial roles in
the regulation of vascular resistance and is supposed to act in angiogenesis. PDE5, which is the most abundant cGMP metabolizing
enzyme within the lung, is highly expressed in the perinatal period, but its localisation in the different pulmonary cells is still poorly
known. In our research, PDE5 immunohistochemical distribution was investigated in foetal and neonatal rat lung. The highest
expression of PDE5 was found in cells randomly located in the stroma; in newborns, in particular, many cells in the intersaccular
walls were heavily labelled, while much lower staining levels were shown by smooth myocytes belonging to vessels and airways.
On the basis of their immunoreactivity for α-SM actin and/or desmin, most of the heavily PDE5-positive cells were identified as
interstitial myofibroblasts and transitional pericytes, while only a few were interpreted as interstitial lipofibroblasts
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
