1,720,956 research outputs found
Genetic investigation within Lactococcus garvieae revealed two genomic lineages
No full textThe diversity of a collection of 49 Lactococcus garvieae strains, including isolates
of dairy, fish, meat, vegetable and cereal origin, was explored using a molecular
polyphasic approach comprising PCR-ribotyping, REP and RAPD-PCR analyses
and a multilocus restriction typing (MLRT) carried out on six partial genes
(atpA, tuf, dltA, als, gapC, and galP). This approach allowed high-resolution
cluster analysis in which two major groups were distinguishable: one group
included dairy isolates, the other group meat isolates. Unexpectedly, of the 12
strains coming from fish, four grouped with dairy isolates, whereas the others
with meat isolates. Likewise, strains isolated from vegetables allocated between
the two main groups. These findings revealed high variability within the species
at both gene and genome levels. The observed genetic heterogeneity among
L. garvieae strains was not entirely coherent with the ecological niche of origin
of the strains, but rather supports the idea of an early separation of L. garvieae
population into two independent genomic lineages.
Introduction
In the last two decades, foodborne diseases have been
emerging as an important and growing public health concern.
Among the causes, changes in agricultural and zootechnical
practices, increase in international trade,
changes in consumer lifestyles, and increasing number of
old and/or immune-compromised consumers have been
mentioned. Furthermore, new pathogens or new biovars
of known bacterial species are frequently being reported
(Mor-Mur & Yuste, 2010). The impact of most new
pathogens on specific ecosystems and their pathogenicity
are not known. Indeed, the traditional food inspection
systems are insufficient, because knowledge of the emerging
pathogens is incomplete. Furthermore, the new techniques
based on DNA analysis are not always applicable,
in the absence of genetic data on these new biotypes.
Therefore, to determine the concept of healthy food, it is
crucially important that we expend efforts to comprehensive
study of new emerging pathogens present in food
products
Genome sequences of Lactococcus garvieae TB25, isolated from Italian cheese, and Lactococcus garvieae LG9, isolated from rainbow trout
No full textLactococcus garvieae is a fish pathogen and a emerging zoonotic opportunistic pathogen as well as a component of natural microbiota in dairy products. Here, we present the first report of a genome sequence of L. garvieae TB25, isolated from a dairy source, and that of L. garvieae LG9, isolated from rainbow trout
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Les transformations des paysages agricoles de la Ligurie: quelques exemples significatifs
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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