11 research outputs found
Polarization of radiation reflected from rough surface
No full text© Research India Publications. Surface roughness is one of the parameters characterizing machine components quality. One of shortcomings of the existing methods of surface quality control is impossibility of roughness measurement during part processing or low accuracy. It is known that roughness affects the polarization characteristics of reflected radiation. This is why one of the promising trends of development of surface quality control methods is application of polarization characteristics of reflected radiation. Theoretical investigation of this phenomenon is rather complex this is why by analysis of polarizing properties of a rough surface experimental methods shall be preferred. In order to achieve the tasks set experimental studies of impact of the surface roughness on polarization characteristics of reflected radiation have been performed. The results of the study demonstrate correlation between the roughness parameter Ra and degree of polarization of radiation reflected from the surface under investigation. Use of results of experimental studies allows designing the automated system of surface quality control during part processing, for example, by grinding. Use of such system will allow being alert of changes in the course of processing procedure, adjust cutting modes and, therefore, improve the component quality
Polarization of radiation reflected from rough surface
No full text© Research India Publications. Surface roughness is one of the parameters characterizing machine components quality. One of shortcomings of the existing methods of surface quality control is impossibility of roughness measurement during part processing or low accuracy. It is known that roughness affects the polarization characteristics of reflected radiation. This is why one of the promising trends of development of surface quality control methods is application of polarization characteristics of reflected radiation. Theoretical investigation of this phenomenon is rather complex this is why by analysis of polarizing properties of a rough surface experimental methods shall be preferred. In order to achieve the tasks set experimental studies of impact of the surface roughness on polarization characteristics of reflected radiation have been performed. The results of the study demonstrate correlation between the roughness parameter Ra and degree of polarization of radiation reflected from the surface under investigation. Use of results of experimental studies allows designing the automated system of surface quality control during part processing, for example, by grinding. Use of such system will allow being alert of changes in the course of processing procedure, adjust cutting modes and, therefore, improve the component quality
Carotid endarterectomy in acute ischemic stroke
No full textCurrently, there are no clear domestic and foreign recommendations for cerebral revascularization, also missing is a definite decision on determining the timing and possibility of carotid endarterectomy in acute ischemic stroke. A set of measures aiming at obtaining a satisfactory outcome of carotid endarterectomy in the acute ischemic cerebrovascular event is developed. To prevent hyperperfusion complications, a temporary shunt, low doses of unfractionated heparin, adequate antiplatelet, hypotensive and lipid-lowering therapy are used. The main advantages and disadvantages of all modern methods of surgical treatment of this condition are presented.Received 22 August 2017. Revised 7 December 2017. Accepted 11 December 2017.Funding: The study was supported by the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences within the framework of the fundamental research package program.Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.Author contributionsDrafting the article: A.N. KazantsevResources: A.R. ShabayevArtistic design: N.N. BurkovCritical revision of the article: A.I. Anufriyev, A.V. Mironov, V.Yu. KheraskovSurgical treatment: A.N. KazantsevAssistance in surgery: N.N. Burkov, A.R. ShabayevRevascularization tactic selection: A.I. Anufriyev, A.V. Mironov, V.Yu. KheraskovNeurological examination: E.V. RubanFinal approval of the version to be published: A.N. Kazantsev, N.N. Burkov, R.S. Tarasov, A.I. Anufriyev, A.R. Shabayev, E.V. Ruban, A.V. Mironov,V.Yu. Kheraskov</p
Emergency Extra-Intracranial Microanastomosis After Carotid Endarterectomy Complicated With Thrombosis of the Internal Carotid Artery
No full textWe report a case of emergency extra- intracranial microanastomosis in a patient with acute thrombosis of the internal carotid artery, formed on the first day after classical carotid endarterectomy using a temporary by-pass under conditions of contralateral occlusion. The causes of the complication are analyzed. A set of instrumental examinations was demonstrated, including multispiral computed tomography with angiography of the brain and extracranial arteries, as well as multispiral computed tomography with the study of parameters of cerebral perfusion after acetazolamide. The main stages of surgical correction, the dynamics of clinical indicators are presented. The conclusion was made about the effectiveness and safety of the chosen revascularization strategy
Multicenter Study of Resistant Arterial Hypertension Course After Classic and Eversion Carotid Endarterectomy
No full textAim of study. Analysis of the dynamics of resistant arterial hypertension (RAH) and the spectrum of adverse cardiovascular events in patients after classical carotid endarterectomy (CEE) with preservation of carotid body (CB) and eversion CEE with CB transection.Material and methods. This cohort, comparative, retrospective, open-label study from January 2014 to December 2020 included 761 patients with hemodynamically significant stenosis of the internal carotid arteries (ICA) and RH lasting more than 3 years. Depending on the implemented revascularization strategy, 2 groups were formed: Group 1: 38.0% (n=289) — classical CEE with plasty of the reconstruction zone with a patch (made of diepoxy-treated xenopericardium or synthetic); Group 2: 62% (n=472) — eversion CEE with CB transection. To study the dynamics of systolic blood pressure (SBP) in the preoperative period for 4 days, and in the postoperative period, blood pressure was measured for 10 days (during the period when the patient was in intensive care - according to daily monitoring of blood pressure; in the department - 10 times per day, daily). The average SBP figures for all patients were taken into account when constructing a graph of BP fluctuations.Results. In the postoperative period, the groups were comparable in the frequency of the following events: death (group 1: 0.34% (n=1), group 2: 0.63% (n=3); p=0.98; OR 0.54; 95% CI 0.05–5.21), myocardial infarction (group 1: 0.34% (n=1), group 2: 0.84% (n=4); p=0.71; OR 0, 40; 95% CI 0.04–3.65), ischemic stroke (group 1: 0.34% (n=1), group 2: 1.27% (n=6); p=0.36; OR 0.26; 95% CI 0.03–2.25), hemorrhagic transformation (group 1: 0%, group 2: 0.84% (n=4); p=0.29; OR 0.17; 95% CI 0.009–3.35). However, in terms of the number of all complications (death + myocardial infarction + ischemic stroke + hemorrhagic transformation) presented as a combined endpoint, patients after eversion CEE with CB transection were three times superior to classical surgery (group 1: 1.03% (n=3 ), group 2: 3.60% (n=17); p=0.05; OR 0.28; 95% CI 0.08–0.9).Conclusion. The choice of a revascularization strategy in patients with hemodynamically significant ICA stenosis should be personalized and based on the conclusion of a multidisciplinary consultation, and not only on the preferences of the operating surgeon. In patients with RH, it is more expedient to use classical CEE with plasty of the reconstruction zone with a patch in view of the preservation of the CB during this operation. The intersection of the latter with eversion CEE provokes labile hypertension, progression of RAH and a statistically significant increase in the number of all unfavorable cardiovascular events. Thus, the use of carotid body preserving CEE in patients with RAH confirms the therapeutic mechanism of this manipulation in achieving the target SBP level
Emergency Glomus-Sparing Carotid Endarterectomy According to A.N. Kazantsev
No full textAim of study. Analysis of the results of a new method of emergency glomus-sparing carotid endarterectomy (CEE) according to A.N. Kazantsev in the acute period of ischemic stroke.Material and methods. This cohort comparative prospective open-label study from January 2017 to April 2020 included 517 patients operated on for occlusive stenotic lesions of the internal carotid arteries (ICA) in the acute period of ischemic stroke (within 24 hours after the development of ischemic stroke). Depending on the implemented revascularization strategy, all patients were divided into three groups: group 1 — 214 patients (41.4%) — glomus-sparing CEE according to A.N. Kazantsev; 2nd group — 145 (28%) — classical CEE with plasty of the reconstruction zone with a patch; 3rd group — 158 (30.6%) — eversion CEE. The observation period was 35.2±9.6 months. Glomus-saving СE according to A.N. Kazantsev was carried out as follows. Arteriotomy with transition to the common carotid artery (CCA) was performed along the inner edge of the external carotid artery (ECA) adjacent to the carotid sinus, 2–3 cm above the ostium, depending on the spread of atherosclerotic plaque, the ICA was cut off at the site formed by the sections of the wall of the ECA and CCA. Then endarterectomy from the ICA was performed using the eversion technique. The next step was open endarterectomy from ECA and CCA. Then the ICA was implanted in the same position on the saved site.Results. In the hospital follow-up period, there were no significant intergroup differences in the number of complications. However, it should be noted that in the CEE group according to A.N. Kazantsev had no adverse cardiovascular events. In the long-term follow-up period, the smallest number of cardiovascular accidents was detected after CEE according to A.N. Kazantsev. However, intergroup differences were found only in the combined endpoint and the incidence of thrombosis, which were the highest in the 2nd and 3rd groups (p = 0.01). When analyzing the survival curves, it was revealed that the greatest number of cardiovascular accidents in the group of classical and eversion CEE occurred either during the hospital observation period or during the first months after surgery, and after CEE according to A.N. Kazantsev - in a year or more. When analyzing the graph of the dynamics of systolic blood pressure (BP), it was revealed that after glomus-sparing CEE according to A.N. Kazantsev, stable numbers are maintained while receiving preoperative antihypertensive therapy and do not rise above 140 mm Hg. In turn, after classical and eversion CEE, critical hypertension persists in the first three days, which is difficult to treat. In the future, blood pressure figures are unstable and fluctuate in the range from 140 to 160 mm Hg. All cases of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke were recorded against the background of critical numbers of systolic blood pressure, reaching 180-200 mm Hg.Conclusion. The presented glomus-sparing carotid endarterectomy according to A.N. Kazantsev meets the modern standards of carotid surgery, combined with the minimum permissible risks of developing adverse cardiovascular events, both in hospital and in the long-term follow-up. The confident effect of the developed revascularization is based on the precise removal of plaque from the common, external and internal carotid arteries, as well as maintaining the stability of hemodynamic parameters
Экстренный экстра-интракраниальный микроанастомоз после каротидной эндартерэктомии, осложненной тромбозом внутренней сонной артерии
No full textWe report a case of emergency extra- intracranial microanastomosis in a patient with acute thrombosis of the internal carotid artery, formed on the first day after classical carotid endarterectomy using a temporary by-pass under conditions of contralateral occlusion. The causes of the complication are analyzed. A set of instrumental examinations was demonstrated, including multispiral computed tomography with angiography of the brain and extracranial arteries, as well as multispiral computed tomography with the study of parameters of cerebral perfusion after acetazolamide. The main stages of surgical correction, the dynamics of clinical indicators are presented. The conclusion was made about the effectiveness and safety of the chosen revascularization strategy.Представлен случай экстренного экстра-интракраниального микроанастомоза у пациента с острым тромбозом внутренней сонной артерии, сформировавшимся в первые сутки после классической каротидной эндартерэктомии с применением временного шунта в условиях контралатеральной окклюзии. Разобраны причины осложнения. Продемонстрирован комплекс инструментальных обследований, включающих мультиспиральную компьютерную томографию с ангиографией головного мозга и экстракраниальных артерий, а также мультиспиральную компьютерную томографию с изучением показателей перфузии головного мозга после приема ацетазоламида. Представлены основные этапы оперативной коррекции, динамика клинических показателей. Сделано заключение об эффективности и безопасности выбранной стратегии реваскуляризации
Экстренная гломус-сберегающая каротидная эндартерэктомия по А.Н. Казанцеву
No full textAim of study. Analysis of the results of a new method of emergency glomus-sparing carotid endarterectomy (CEE) according to A.N. Kazantsev in the acute period of ischemic stroke.Material and methods. This cohort comparative prospective open-label study from January 2017 to April 2020 included 517 patients operated on for occlusive stenotic lesions of the internal carotid arteries (ICA) in the acute period of ischemic stroke (within 24 hours after the development of ischemic stroke). Depending on the implemented revascularization strategy, all patients were divided into three groups: group 1 — 214 patients (41.4%) — glomus-sparing CEE according to A.N. Kazantsev; 2nd group — 145 (28%) — classical CEE with plasty of the reconstruction zone with a patch; 3rd group — 158 (30.6%) — eversion CEE. The observation period was 35.2±9.6 months. Glomus-saving СE according to A.N. Kazantsev was carried out as follows. Arteriotomy with transition to the common carotid artery (CCA) was performed along the inner edge of the external carotid artery (ECA) adjacent to the carotid sinus, 2–3 cm above the ostium, depending on the spread of atherosclerotic plaque, the ICA was cut off at the site formed by the sections of the wall of the ECA and CCA. Then endarterectomy from the ICA was performed using the eversion technique. The next step was open endarterectomy from ECA and CCA. Then the ICA was implanted in the same position on the saved site.Results. In the hospital follow-up period, there were no significant intergroup differences in the number of complications. However, it should be noted that in the CEE group according to A.N. Kazantsev had no adverse cardiovascular events. In the long-term follow-up period, the smallest number of cardiovascular accidents was detected after CEE according to A.N. Kazantsev. However, intergroup differences were found only in the combined endpoint and the incidence of thrombosis, which were the highest in the 2nd and 3rd groups (p = 0.01). When analyzing the survival curves, it was revealed that the greatest number of cardiovascular accidents in the group of classical and eversion CEE occurred either during the hospital observation period or during the first months after surgery, and after CEE according to A.N. Kazantsev - in a year or more. When analyzing the graph of the dynamics of systolic blood pressure (BP), it was revealed that after glomus-sparing CEE according to A.N. Kazantsev, stable numbers are maintained while receiving preoperative antihypertensive therapy and do not rise above 140 mm Hg. In turn, after classical and eversion CEE, critical hypertension persists in the first three days, which is difficult to treat. In the future, blood pressure figures are unstable and fluctuate in the range from 140 to 160 mm Hg. All cases of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke were recorded against the background of critical numbers of systolic blood pressure, reaching 180-200 mm Hg.Conclusion. The presented glomus-sparing carotid endarterectomy according to A.N. Kazantsev meets the modern standards of carotid surgery, combined with the minimum permissible risks of developing adverse cardiovascular events, both in hospital and in the long-term follow-up. The confident effect of the developed revascularization is based on the precise removal of plaque from the common, external and internal carotid arteries, as well as maintaining the stability of hemodynamic parameters.Цель. Анализ результатов нового способа экстренной гломус-сберегающей каротидной эндартерэктомии (КЭЭ) по А.Н. Казанцеву в острейшем периоде ишемического инсульта.Материал и методы. В данное когортное сравнительное проспективное открытое исследование за период с января 2017 г. по апрель 2020 г. вошли 517 пациентов, оперированных по поводу окклюзионно-стенотических поражений внутренних сонных артерий (ВСА) в острейшем периоде ишемического инсульта (в течение суток после его развития). В зависимости от реализованной стратегии реваскуляризации все пациенты были распределены на три группы: 1-я группа — 214 пациентов (41,4%) — гломус-сберегающая КЭЭ по А.Н. Казанцеву; 2-я группа — 145 (28%) — классическая КЭЭ с пластикой зоны реконструкции заплатой; 3-я группа — 158 (30,6%) — эверсионная КЭЭ. Период наблюдения составил 35,2±9,6 месяца. Гломус-сберегающую КЭЭ по А.Н. Казанцеву проводили следующим образом. По внутреннему краю наружной сонной артерии (НСА), прилегающему к каротидному синусу, на 2–3 см выше устья, в зависимости от распространения атеросклеротической бляшки, выполняли артериотомию с переходом на общую сонную артерию (ОСА) (также на 2–3 см ниже устья НСА). Производили отсечение ВСА на площадке, образованной участками стенки НСА и ОСА. Далее производили эндартерэктомию из ВСА по эверсионной технике. Следующим этапом выполняли открытую эндартерэктомию из НСА и ОСА. Далее ВСА на сохраненной площадке имплантировали в прежнюю позицию.Результаты. В госпитальном периоде наблюдения значимых межгрупповых различий по количеству осложнений получено не было. Однако стоит заметить, что в группе КЭЭ по А.Н. Казанцеву неблагоприятных кардиоваскулярных событий зафиксировано не было. В отдаленном периоде наблюдения наименьшее число кардиоваскулярных катастроф выявлено после КЭЭ по А.Н. Казанцеву. Однако межгрупповые различия были выявлены только в комбинированной конечной точке и частоте тромбозов, которые во 2-й и 3-й группах приняли наибольшие значения (р=0,01). При анализе кривых выживаемости выявлено, что наибольшее число кардиоваскулярных катастроф в группе классической и эверсионной КЭЭ произошли либо в госпитальном периоде наблюдения, либо в течение первых месяцев после операции, а после КЭЭ по А.Н. Казанцеву — через год и более. При анализе графика динамики систолического артериального давления (АД) выявлено, что после гломус-сберегающей КЭЭ по А.Н. Казанцеву стабильные цифры поддерживаются на фоне приема дооперационной антигипертензивной терапии и не поднимаются выше 140 мм рт.ст. В свою очередь после классической и эверсионной КЭЭ в первые трое суток сохраняется критическая гипертензия, трудно поддаваемая лечению. В дальнейшем цифры АД нестабильные и колеблются в диапазоне от 140 до 160 мм рт.ст. Все случаи инфаркта миокарда и ишемического инсульта были зафиксированы на фоне критических цифр систолического АД, достигающих 180–200 мм рт.ст.Заключение. Представленная гломус-сберегающая каротидная эндартерэктомия по А.Н. Казанцеву отвечает современным стандартам каротидной хирургии, сочетаясь с минимальными допустимыми рисками развития неблагоприятных кардиоваскулярных событий, как в госпитальном, так и в отдаленном периодах наблюдения. Уверенный эффект разработанной реваскуляризации основан на прецизионном удалении бляшки из общей, наружной и внутренней сонных артерий, а также сохранении стабильности гемодинамических показателей
Comparative Results of Emergency Carotid Endarterectomy and Emergency Carotid Angioplasty With Stenting in the Acute Period of Ischemic Stroke. Multicenter Study Results
No full textAIM OF STUDY Study of hospital results of emergency carotid endarterectomy (CEE) and carotid angioplasty with stenting (CAS) in the acute period of acute cerebrovascular accident (ACVA).MATERIAL AND METHODS From January 2008 to August 2020, the study included 615 patients with hemodynamically significant stenosis of the internal carotid arteries (ICA), operated on in the acute period of ischemic stroke (within 3 days from the onset of stroke). Depending on the type of revascularization implemented, all patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 — CAS (n=312); 2nd group — CEE (n=357). Inclusion criteria were as follows: 1. Mild neurological disorders: NIHSS score 3–8; Modified Rankin Scale score 2 of less; Barthel Scale > 61; 2. Indications for CEE / CAS according to the current national recommendations; 3. Ischemic focus in the brain not more than 2.5 cm in diameter. Exclusion criteria: 1. Presence of con-traindications to CEE / CAS. Carotid angioplasty with stenting was performed according to the standard technique; in all cases, distal embolism protection systems were used. Carot-id endarterectomy was performed according to the classical and eversion techniques. When the retrograde pressure in the ICA was less than 60% of the systemic pressure, a temporary shunt (TS) was installed. In the postoperative period, all patients underwent multispiral computed tomography (MSCT) of the brain. In the absence of negative dynam-ics in the neurological status, MSCT was performed on the 7th day after the operation, if available, it was performed urgently. The checkpoints were the development of such unfa-vorable cardiovascular events as death, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke / transient is-chemic attack (TIA), “mute” stroke, “mute” hemorrhagic transformations, combinedend-point (death + all strokes / TIA + MI). Strokes were mute if diagnosed according to MSCT, without symptoms.RESULTS In 69% of diabetic patients with anterior myocardial infarction and in 63% of patients with posterolateral MI 12 months after PCI, signs of LV inferiority were revealed in the form of an increase in the indices of end-diastolic and systolic volumes of the LV and low ejection fraction (≤45%). In patients without diabetes, these figures were 18% and 31%, respectively. High concentrations of NT-proBNP on the first day of myocardial infarction after PCI were of the greatest value in the diagnosis and prognosis of LV UR after 12 months.RESULTS When analyzing hospital complications, significant differences in the frequency of lethal outcome were not obtained (group 1: n=6 (1.92%); group 2: n=8 (2.24%); p=0.98; OR=0.85; 95% CI 0.29–2.49); MI (group 1: n=5 (1.6%); group 2: n=5 (1.4%); p=0.91; OR=1.14; 95% CI 0.32–3.99 ); ACVA (ischemic type) / TIA (group 1: n=5 (1.6%); group 2: n=6 (1.7%); p=0.82; OR=0.95; 95% CI 0.28–3.15), as well as “mute” ACVA (group 1: n=7 (2.2%); group 2: n=15 (4.2%); p=0.23; OR=0.52; 95% CI 0.21–1.3). However, the vast majority of hemorrhagic transformations (group 1: n=2 (0.64%); group 2: n=13 (3.6%); p=0.018; OR=0.17; 95% CI 0.03–0.76) and all “mute” hemorrhagic transformations (group 1: n=0; group 2: n=26 (7.3%); p=0.001; OR=0.02; 95% CI 0.001–0.33) were observed only in the CEE group, which was reflected in the maximum values of the combined end point: group 1: n=22 (7.05%); group 2: n=73 (20.4%); p<0.0001; OR=0.29; 95% CI 0.17–0.48). Thus, in the CEE group, every 5th patient had a complication.CONCLUSION Carotid angioplasty with stenting is the safest method of revascularization for patients in the acute period of ACVA. This is largely due to the reduction in the risk of reperfusion syndrome and the prevention of embolism due to the use of modern protection systems. Carotid endarterectomy can be performed with comparable efficiency only when a tempo-rary shunt is placed in the internal carotid arteries in the absence of unstable atheroscle-rotic plaque
Многоцентровое исследование по изучению течения резистентной артериальной гипертензии после классической и эверсионной каротидной эндартерэктомии
No full textAim of study. Analysis of the dynamics of resistant arterial hypertension (RAH) and the spectrum of adverse cardiovascular events in patients after classical carotid endarterectomy (CEE) with preservation of carotid body (CB) and eversion CEE with CB transection.Material and methods. This cohort, comparative, retrospective, open-label study from January 2014 to December 2020 included 761 patients with hemodynamically significant stenosis of the internal carotid arteries (ICA) and RH lasting more than 3 years. Depending on the implemented revascularization strategy, 2 groups were formed: Group 1: 38.0% (n=289) — classical CEE with plasty of the reconstruction zone with a patch (made of diepoxy-treated xenopericardium or synthetic); Group 2: 62% (n=472) — eversion CEE with CB transection. To study the dynamics of systolic blood pressure (SBP) in the preoperative period for 4 days, and in the postoperative period, blood pressure was measured for 10 days (during the period when the patient was in intensive care - according to daily monitoring of blood pressure; in the department - 10 times per day, daily). The average SBP figures for all patients were taken into account when constructing a graph of BP fluctuations.Results. In the postoperative period, the groups were comparable in the frequency of the following events: death (group 1: 0.34% (n=1), group 2: 0.63% (n=3); p=0.98; OR 0.54; 95% CI 0.05–5.21), myocardial infarction (group 1: 0.34% (n=1), group 2: 0.84% (n=4); p=0.71; OR 0, 40; 95% CI 0.04–3.65), ischemic stroke (group 1: 0.34% (n=1), group 2: 1.27% (n=6); p=0.36; OR 0.26; 95% CI 0.03–2.25), hemorrhagic transformation (group 1: 0%, group 2: 0.84% (n=4); p=0.29; OR 0.17; 95% CI 0.009–3.35). However, in terms of the number of all complications (death + myocardial infarction + ischemic stroke + hemorrhagic transformation) presented as a combined endpoint, patients after eversion CEE with CB transection were three times superior to classical surgery (group 1: 1.03% (n=3 ), group 2: 3.60% (n=17); p=0.05; OR 0.28; 95% CI 0.08–0.9).Conclusion. The choice of a revascularization strategy in patients with hemodynamically significant ICA stenosis should be personalized and based on the conclusion of a multidisciplinary consultation, and not only on the preferences of the operating surgeon. In patients with RH, it is more expedient to use classical CEE with plasty of the reconstruction zone with a patch in view of the preservation of the CB during this operation. The intersection of the latter with eversion CEE provokes labile hypertension, progression of RAH and a statistically significant increase in the number of all unfavorable cardiovascular events. Thus, the use of carotid body preserving CEE in patients with RAH confirms the therapeutic mechanism of this manipulation in achieving the target SBP level. Цель. Анализ динамики резистентной артериальной гипертензии (РАГ) и спектра неблагоприятных кардиоваскулярных событий у пациентов после классической каротидной эндартерэктомии (КЭЭ) с сохранением каротидного гломуса (КГ) и эверсионной КЭЭ с отсечением КГ.Материал и методы. В данное когортное сравнительное ретроспективное открытое исследование за период с января 2014 г. по декабрь 2020 г. вошел 761 пациент с гемодинамически значимыми стенозами внутренних сонных артерий (ВСА) и РАГ длительностью более 3 лет. В зависимости от реализованной стратегии реваскуляризации были сформированы две группы: 1-я группа: 38,0% (n=289) — классическая КЭЭ с пластикой зоны реконструкции заплатой (из диэпоксиобработанного ксеноперикарда или синтетическая); 2-я группа: 62% (n=472) — эверсионная КЭЭ с отсечением КГ. Для изучения динамики систолического артериального давления (САД) в дооперационном периоде в течение 4 суток, а в послеоперационном периоде в течение 10 суток измерялось артериальное давление — АД (в период нахождения пациента в реанимации — по данным суточного мониторинга АД; в отделении — 10 раз в сутки ежедневно). Средние цифры САД по всем больным учитывали при построении графика колебания АД.Результаты. В послеоперационном периоде группы оказались сопоставимы по частоте следующих событий: смерть (группа 1: 0,34% (n=1), группа 2: 0,63% (n=3); р=0,98; ОШ 0,54; 95% ДИ 0,05–5,21), инфаркт миокарда (группа 1: 0,34% (n=1), группа 2: 0,84% (n=4); р=0,71; ОШ 0,40; 95% ДИ 0,04–3,65), ишемический инсульт (группа 1: 0,34% (n=1), группа 2: 1,27% (n=6); р=0,36; ОШ 0,26; 95% ДИ 0,03– 2,25), геморрагическая трансформация (группа 1: 0%, группа 2: 0,84% (n=4); р=0,29; ОШ 0,17; 95% ДИ 0,009–3,35). Однако по числу всех осложнений (смерть + инфаркт миокарда + ишемический инсульт + геморрагическая трансформация), представленных в виде комбинированной конечной точки, пациенты после эверсионной КЭЭ с пересечением КГ превосходили классическую операцию в 3 раза (группа 1: 1,03% (n=3), группа 2: 3,60% (n=17); р=0,05; ОШ 0,28; 95% ДИ 0,08–0,9).Заключение. Выбор стратегии реваскуляризации у пациентов с гемодинамически значимым стенозом внутренних сонных артерий должен быть персонифицированным и основываться на заключении мультидисциплинарного консилиума, а не только на предпочтениях оперирующего хирурга. У пациентов с резистентной артериальной гипертензией более целесообразно применение классической каротидной эндартерэктомии с пластикой зоны реконструкции заплатой ввиду сохранения каротидного гломуса во время данной операции. Пересечение последнего при эверсионной каротидной эндартерэктомии провоцирует лабильную артериальную гипертензию, прогрессирование резистентной артериальной гипертензии и статистически значимое возрастание числа всех неблагоприятных кардиоваскулярных событий. Таким образом, применение гломус-сберегающей каротидной эндартерэктомии у пациентов с резистентной артериальной гипертензией подтверждает лечебный механизм данной манипуляции в достижении целевого уровня систолического артериального давления.
