1,720,985 research outputs found
A. Pastorino. Iuli Firmici Materni. De errore profanarum religionum
No full textMarrou Henri-Irénée. A. Pastorino. Iuli Firmici Materni. De errore profanarum religionum. In: Revue de l'histoire des religions, tome 153, n°1, 1958. pp. 112-113
Open Data and Personal Information: A Smart Disclosure Approach Based on OAuth 2.0
No full textCurrently, public administration is undergoing significant transformations, driven by a greater
demand for transparency and efficiency in a participative framework involving nonprofit organizations,
enterprises, and citizens, with the modern network infrastructure as a common medium. The Open Data
movement is considered one of the keys to this change.
To the best of our knowledge, the current generation of Open Data has to date provided only static datasets
in which no data concerning specific individuals could be included, due to obvious privacy issues.
Public administrations hold a great deal of data of a personal kind, as do many private entities. Consider, for
instance, the huge amount of personal data contributed to the various online social networks, or the
electricity consumption data collected and stored by energy providers, or the telephone and internet data
collected by telecommunications companies. The lack of such personal data in the Open Data realm, and the
static nature of the released datasets, are weaknesses of the current generation of Open Data. Without
personal data and without timeliness, it is impossible to build useful services tailored to the actual needs of a
given individual at a given time.
We argue that, by segregating or "protecting" our personal data, those public and private entities become the
"owners" of our data. This means they hold a monopoly on services, while we, the legitimate owners of the
data, must abide by their terms and conditions concerning how our data are treated and used.
By unleashing personal data "into the wild", such a monopoly would collapse and a new ecosystem of
personal services based on these data could flourish.
Of course nobody wants personal data to enter the public domain without any control. We argue that an
appropriate policy for online disclosure of personal data is one where the individuals are restored to their role
of "data owners" and are allowed to exert online control over data accesses being performed by third parties.
This idea of "smart disclosure" of personal data is expected to be one of the forthcoming evolutions of Open
Data.
Based on the above arguments, we propose a possible implementation of "smart disclosure" that takes
advantage of the OAuth 2.0 authorization framework. If properly implemented, OAuth 2.0 guarantees access
to selected personal data upon authorization by the individual data owner. An implementation is presented together with possible use cases
Envisioning smart disclosure in the public administration
No full textCurrently, public administration is undergoing significant transformations, driven by a greater demand for transparency and efficiency in a participative framework involving nonprofit organizations, enterprises, and citizens, with the modern network infrastructure as a common medium. The Open Data movement is considered one of the keys to this change. One of the forthcoming evolutions of Open Data is the idea of "smart disclosure" of personal data, mostly managed by public administrations, in order to allow third party applications to provide new personalized online services to individuals and organizations. In this paper we propose a possible implementation of the "smart disclosure" idea, that takes advantage of the OAuth 2.0 authorization framework. OAuth 2.0, if properly implemented, guarantees access to selected personal data upon authorization of the individual data owner. An implementation is presented together with possible use cases
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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