77 research outputs found
COVID-19 and Cardiovascular System: Pathophysiology, Pathomorphology, Complications, Long-Term Prognosis
No full textCLINICO-LABORATORY CHARACTERISTICS OF HEPATITIS A IN PATIENTS WITH MARKERS OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS
No full textAim: To characterize the modern trends of the hepatitis A clinic in adults with markers of the hepatitis B virus. Materials and methods: The study included 124 patients with hepatitis A, were hospitalized in Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital named after S.P. Botkin in the period from 2012 to 2015. Diagnosis of hepatitis A and chronic hepatitis B was established on the basis of clinical and epidemiological criteria, confirmed by the results of a laboratory study. Two groups of patients were identified: 1 group – patients with hepatitis A as a monoinfection (n=85), 2 group – patients who had hepatitis A on a background of chronic hepatitis B (n=39). Results: An analysis of the age structure revealed that patients of the second group were older than the first. The analysis of gender structure established the same ratio of women and men (51,0% and 49,0%, respectively, p> 0,05) in the first group, in the second group the prevalence of women was found (64,0% and 36,0% respectively; p=0,001). General weakness, decreased appetite, and fever were more common for patients in the second group. Skin pruritus was more often in the first group. A comparative analysis of the two variants of hepatitis A showed that monoinfection of hepatitis A often occurs in mild form (47,0% and 18,0%, respectively, p=0,001). The severe form of the disease developed more often in patients of the second group (28,0% and 13,0%, respectively, p=0,02). Duration of hospitalization of patients and duration of icteric period was longer for hepatitis A on a background of chronic hepatitis B, regardless of the degree of severity. Conclusion: Modern hepatitis A in a third of cases is combined with chronic hepatitis B in people older than 40 years, and characterized by a higher frequency of severe icteric forms with severe cytolytic syndrome and requires a long hospitalization, which is accompanied by significant economic damage
2-Cyano-2-isonitrosoacetamide and its Ag(i) complexes. Silver(i) cyanoximate as a non-electric gas sensor
No full textThe 2-cyano-2-isonitrosoacetamide, NC-C(N[double bond, length as m-dash]OH)-C(O)NH2 (1), its Na+, Cs+ salts and four silver(I) complexes with N-donor ligands were synthesized and characterized using a variety of techniques including IR, UV-vis spectroscopy, solid state photoluminescence, X-ray analysis, and solution electrical conductivity. All four reported here Ag(I) complexes were crystallographically characterized and revealed completely different structures. Thus, the combination of chelate and bridging function of the cyanoxime anion in Ag{NC-C(N[double bond, length as m-dash]O)-C(O)NH2} (complex 6) leads to a unique layered 2D coordination polymer of silver(I) with pronounced argentophilic interactions at 3.194 Å. The structure of Ag{NC-C(N[double bond, length as m-dash]O)-C(O)NH2}·2Pic (Pic = 2-methylpyridine; complex 7) represents the monomeric complex containing bidentate chelate anion 1-. The crystal structure of monomeric Ag{NC-C(N[double bond, length as m-dash]O)-C(O)NH2}·2NH3 (complex 8) reveals the formation of a linear Ag(NH3)2+ cation non bonded to the metal cyanoxime anion 1-. This is the first structure of a silver(I) diammine cation with an oxime-based anion. Similarly to 8, the crystal structure of Ag(14ane[N4]){NC-C(N[double bond, length as m-dash]O)-C(O)NH2}·CH3CN with tetraaza-meso(macrocyclic) ligand (complex 9) contains a metal center not bound to the cyanoxime ligand as well. Instead, the agostic interaction at 2.591 Å between the methylene group of the macrocyclic ligand and silver(I) center was found in 9. This is the shortest CH2-Ag distance between an aliphatic group and metal observed so far in non-organometallic silver complexes with neutral ligands. We also documented a remarkable visible-light insensitivity of complex 6. Room temperature solid state photoluminescence of this compound was examined in details, including studies of its emission in the presence of several gases of industrial importance: H2, CO, NO, NH3, SO2, acetylene C2H2 and ethylene C2H4. A significant sensitization of 6 to visible light after the exposure was observed, which is a useful property that may be utilized in development of battery-less colorimetric sensors for these gases
Effects of Melatonin‐Aided Therapy on the Glutathione Antioxidant System Activity and Liver Protection
No full textAcute hepatitis results from oxidative stress triggered by hepatotoxic drugs causing liver injury and the activation of caspases cascade. The glutathione antioxidant system protects against reactive oxygen species and mitigates development of these processes. The effectiveness of silymarin, a polyphenolic flavonoid, essenthiale, composed of phosphatidyl choline, and melaxen, a melatonin-correcting drug, as hepatoprotectors has been investigated. The variation of 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s), resulting from the biotransformation of melatonin, and GSH has been measured. The activities of caspase-1 and caspase-3, glutathione antioxidant system, and NADPH-generating enzymes were determined. The aMT6s decreases in patients with drug hepatitis and recovers with administration of mexalen. GSH increased in the presence of the studied hepatoprotectors. Pathologically activated caspase-1 and caspase-3 decreased their activities in the presence of hepatoprotectors with melaxen showing the highest effect. The positive effect of melatonin appears to be related to the suppression of decompensation of the glutathione antioxidant system functions, recovery of liver redox status, and the attenuation of inhibition of the NADPH supply.This work was supported by grant of the President
of the Russian Federation for young scientists MK-
3133.2011.7. Authors thank to President of Voronezh
State Medical Academy named after N. N. Burdenko (Russia), Prof. Igor E. Esaulenko, for advice and
suggestions.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL, CLINICAL AND LABORATORY FEATURES OF IMPORTED MALARIA IN THE NORTH-WEST FEDERAL DISTRICT
No full textPurpose: analysis of epidemiological, clinical and laboratory features of imported malaria in the North-Western Federal district (NWFD) in 2012–2016. Research materials: the study included 84 patients treated for malaria in the hospitals of the NWFD. Results: 84 cases of malaria were registered in the NWFD from 2012 to 2016, which constituted 18,9% of all cases registered inRussian Federation(n=445):St. Petersburg(n=60),Arkhangelsk(n=10),Murmansk(n=5),Leningradregion (n=4),Vologdaregion (n=2) and 1 case in Komi,NovgorodandKaliningradregion. Patients with malaria had a history of a recent visit to: Asian countries (37%, n=31), West Africa (35%, n=30), North Africa (11%, n=7),South Africa(8%, n=7), East and Central Africa (3% correspondingly),Dominican Republic,CubaandSouth America(1% correspondingly). Pl. vivax was most common cause of malaria in patients visited Asia (87%), while recent travel to West Africa predispose patients to malaria caused by Pl. vivax in 37%, Pl. falciparum in 57% and Pl. оvale in 6% of all cases. All patients arrived from the North, South, Central Africa andDominican Republichad malaria caused by Pl. falciparum. Conclusion: in NWFD in 2012-2016 in the process of providing care to patients with malaria the following trends were marked: late referral of patients for medical care, careless collection of epidemiological data and travel history, late diagnosis of the disease, insufficient supply of antimalarial drugs and severe malaria in patients with comorbidity. Lack of adequate therapy with modern drugs has led to the lethal cases in patients with tropical malaria and the occurrence of late relapses of tertian malaria
Chronic kidney disease as a risk factor for acute stroke
No full textOne of the most relevant issues of nephrology, neurology, and cardiology is the management and treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease and stroke. Patients with chronic kidney disease have a risk of both thrombotic complications and bleeding, and they have a high risk of both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Chronic kidney disease significantly worsens the outcome of stroke by limiting the treatment due to reduced drug clearance and side effects. Hemodialysis which causes drastic hemodynamic and biochemical changes leads to the "stress" of the cerebral vascular system, increasing the risk of stroke; kidney transplantation reduces the risk of stroke due to functional recovery. Chronic kidney disease and stroke have significant socio-economic consequences. Patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease, as a rule, are not included in clinical trials; and stroke treatment tactics have not been developed for them. This review examines the interaction between kidneys and brain, the pathophysiology and epidemiology of stroke in all stages of chronic kidney disease, after kidney transplantation and discusses the management and treatment of chronic kidney disease patients with stroke.The investigation of the factors responsible for the high prevalence of brain lesions in chronic kidney disease will allow developing new treatment methods
Cryoglobulinemia and hepatitis C virus
No full textThe review presents recent data on cryoglobulinemiaassociated with a hepatitis C virus: prevalence, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, laboratory diagnostics, approaches to therapy
Ecologocal reasons for using speleoclimattherapy as a method of prophylactics of bronchopulmonary diseases
No full textThe article concerns some ecological aspects of therapeutic features of speleotherapy. The objective of our study was to investigate the therapeutic activity of speleotherapy for respiratory disorders according to it's ecological aspects. The results of including speleotherapy into the curative and prophylactic complex in the central-chernozyom region showed the decrease of incidence of respiratory pathology in people, who underwent the course of speleotherapy. The obtained data indicated, that speleotherapy was supposed to be used as a component of prophylactics complex in treatment for broncho-respiratory complex
PARENTERAL VIRAL HEPATITIS IN CHILDREN IN RUSSIA, PARTICULARLY IN THE NORTHWESTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT
No full textCharacteristics of hepatitis A on the background of chronic hepatitis B
No full textAim. To characterize clinical presentation of hepatitis A on the background of chronic hepatitis B. 
Methods. The study was conducted in 2012-2015 in Saint Petersburg Clinical infectious diseases hospital n.a. S.P. Botkin. Retrospective analysis of 259 medical records of in-patients diagnosed with hepatitis A was conducted on random samples. Etiology of the disease was confirmed with ELISA test for serological markers of hepatitis A, B and C. 
Results. Etiological structure of hepatitis A-mixed: combination of hepatitis A + chronic hepatitis B - 74.0%, hepatitis A + chronic hepatitis B + chronic hepatitis C - 11.0%, hepatitis A + chronic hepatitis C - 8.0%, hepatitis A + chronic hepatitis of unknown etiology - 7.0%. Age differences in the groups of patients with hepatitis A were revealed: mono- and mixed infections (35.5±11.74 and 40.7±13.72 years, respectively; р=0.026). Hepatitis A had moderate course regardless of infection with other hepatotropic viruses but in 1 patient with chronic hepatitis B resulting in cirrhosis severe course of the disease lead to death. Clinical presentation of hepatitis A as mono- and mixed infection was characterized by typical symptoms. Changes in blood chemistry in mixed infection were characterized by higher cytolytic activity, hypoalbuminemia, lesser decrease of urea level. 
Conclusion. In the etiological structure of mixed hepatitis combination of hepatitis A and chronic hepatitis B was predominant; in most cases hepatitis A had moderate course but in superinfection more severe course of the disease can be observed - up to lethal outcome.</jats:p
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