488 research outputs found
Minio Paluello, Lorenzo
No full textLorenzo Minio Paluello (Belluno 1907 – Oxford 1986). Di famiglia veneziana, studiò a Padova, dove si laureò nel 1929. Tra il 1932 e il 1933 si perfezionò a Parigi. Al suo rientro in Italia, insegnò in una scuola secondaria in Istria fino al 1935, quando fu escluso dall’insegnamento per la sua opposizione al regime fascista. Nel 1939 accettò l’invito dell’Oriel College di Oxford e si trasferì in Inghilterra. Oxford sarebbe rimasta la sua università per tutta la carriera, a parte un breve passaggio a Padova. Nel 1954 Minio era stato infatti incluso nella terna vincitrice di un concorso di Filologia medioevale e umanistica presso l’Università cattolica di Milano; sulla base di quel risultato, nell’autunno 1956 la Facoltà di Lettere e filosofia dell’Università di Padova lo chiamò come professore straordinario (prese servizio il 15 dicembre 1956). Per l’a.a. 1956/57 tenne un corso su “I testi filosofici greci nella tradizione latina”, in cui dovette ricoprire un ruolo centrale la traduzione latina della “Poetica” di Aristotele che lo stesso Minio aveva attribuito qualche anno prima a Guglielmo di Moerbeke (1215-1286) e di cui nel 1953 aveva curato l’edizione portando a termine, con Ezio Franceschini, il lavoro iniziato da Erse Valgimigli, precocemente scomparsa nel 1931, figlia di Manara Valgimigli, che era stato uno dei maestri padovani di Minio. Per l’a.a. successivo gli era stato affidato l’insegnamento di Storia della filosofia medioevale, ma, con lettera del 3 novembre 1957, Minio presentò le sue dimissioni.
Minio Paluello, il «grande solitario delle cultura filologica e letteraria del Novecento» (Claudio Leonardi), è stato uno dei maggiori studiosi del pensiero aristotelico medievale: «tutta la sua vita fu dedicata a un lavoro filologico tra i più ardui, e di conseguenza solitari: la riconquista dell’opera logica nella sua autenticità […]; ma insieme mettendo in luce le deformazioni subite nella tradizione manoscritta, nei grandi centri che hanno cambiato la cultura medievale e in essa la cultura dell’Occidente e di tutto il mondo» (Id.). Fu uno dei motori propulsori della monumentale impresa dell’ “Aristoteles Latinus”, collana di edizioni delle traduzioni latine dello “Stagirita”, con cui collaborò già dal 1947 e che diresse dal 1959 al 1973. Oltre all’opera di progettazione e direzione, Minio curò personalmente diverse edizioni di traduzioni delle opere logiche di Aristotele. Giova qui ricordare anche il suo interesse dantesco.
[Rino Modonutti]
Fonti bibliografiche:
F. Santu, “Minio Paluello, Lorenzo”, LXXIV, 2010, http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/lorenzo-minio-paluello_(Dizionario-Biografico)/; C. Leonardi, “La fedeltà alla parola. E. Franceschini e i maestri padovani”, in “La scuola di Erse. Lettere e documenti di M. Valgimigli, E. Franceschini e L. Minio-Paluello”, a cura di G. Debenedetto e F. Santi, Spoleto 1993, pp. VII-XV (da cui si è citato); R. Southern, “Lorenzo Minio”, in L. Minio Paluello, “Luoghi cruciali in Dante. Ultimi saggi”, a cura di F. Santi, Spoleto 1993, pp. 3-8; B. McGuinness, “Il contributo di Lorenzo Minio a Oxford”, Ibidem, pp. 9-12; J. Brams, “Lorenzo Minio Paluello et l’ ‘Aristoteles Latinus’”, Ibidem, pp. 13-25
Open source data lakes and MinIO
No full textV diplomski nalogi predstavimo pojme podatkovnih jezer in velepodatkov,
ter s pomočjo sistema odprtokodne podatkovne shrame MinIO, vzpostavimo
lastno podatkovno jezero. Sistem MinIO podrobno raziščemo in prikažemo
njegove prednosti in slabosti. Ogledamo si tudi druge podatkovne shrambe,
kot so LakeFS, Ceph, Hadoop in AWS, in jih primerjamo z MinIO.
Lastno podatkovno jezero postavimo v praktično okolje, kjer ga preizku-
simo in ovrednotimo z vidika samostojnega uporabnika. Med seboj primer-
jamo tri različne scenarije uporabe MinIO podatkovnega jezera in izmerimo
hitrost prenosa podatkov znotraj njega. Pogledamo si tudi kakšne možnosti
razširljivosti ponuja MinIO in ocenimo, kako zahteven je bil proces postavitve
lastnega podatkovnega jezera.
Ob koncu analiziramo procese polnjenja ter pridobivanja in označevanja
podatkov v MinIO podatkovnem jezeru. Ugotovimo, da je sistem MinIO
enostaven za uporabo, saj podpira uporabo v različnih okoljih, ima podrobna
in razumljiva navodila za njegovo vzpostavitev in ima obsežno dokumentacijo
na svoji uradni strani. MinIO se izkaže za uporabno in učinkovito orodje za
posameznika, ki dela z obsežnimi količinami različnih tipov podatkov.In this thesis we present the concepts of data lakes and big data. With
the help of the opensource data storage solution MinIO we setup our own
data lake. We take a detailed look at MinIO and showcase its strengths and
weaknesses. We also take a look at other data storage solutions like LakeFS,
Ceph, Hadoop and AWS and compare them with MinIO.
We deploy our data lake into a working environment where we evaluate
it from the perspective of an independent user. We compare three diff erent
scenarios of using MinIO and track transfer speeds for each of them. We
also explore the scalability options MinIO off ers and assess the complexity
of setting up our custom data lake.
We analize the processes of fi lling, retrieving and tagging the data in our
MinIO data lake. We fi nd that MinIO is easy to use, as it can be used
in multiple environments and has a detailed documentation on its offi cial
website. We conclude that MinIO is an eff ective tool for a user working with
large quantities of diff erent types of data
Genome Assembly With 2nd Generation Sequencing Technologies: Definition of Best Experimental Design In Relation To Genomic Features
No full textL'avvento della Seconda Generazione delle tecnologie di sequenziamento ha cambiato profondamente il processo di generazione di dati a partire dalle molecole di DNA, che è diventato più economico e più veloce. La varietà di tecnologie e strumenti per la ricostruzione disponibili, ognuna con differenti punti di forza e debolezze, rende difficoltoso il compito di definire il set-up sperimentale ottimale per ricostruire il genoma di una nuova specie.
In questo lavoro è stata affrontata la ricostruzione di genomi di diverse specie con molteplici strategie. Questo ha reso possibile definire dei protocolli che ottimizzano costi e risultati in funzione delle caratteristiche genetiche dell’oggetto dello studio.
Nel caso di organismi batterici, la ridotta lunghezza e la bassa complessità della sequenza genetica permette di ottenere risultati di alta qualità anche utilizzando una singola libreria Illumina standard, in maniera indipendente da quale algoritmo si decida di utilizzare per la ricostruzione.
Genomi fungini mostrano invece, assieme ad una lunghezza maggiore, un’aumentata complessità rispetto ai genomi di procarioti. L’uso di librerie standard Illumina da sole non consente di eliminare il problema della frammentazione e l’ottimizzazione delle procedure bioinformatiche migliora solo marginalmente i risultati. L’aggiunta di librerie Mate Pair oppure il sequenziamento con tecnologia PacBio sono due alternative che portano, con costi similari, a risultati di alta qualità.
I genomi delle piante oltre ad essere essere più lunghi presentano li maggiore grado di complessità, con un elevato contenuto in ripetizioni e alti tassi di eterozigosità. Le librerie standard di Illumina, a causa della ridotta lunghezza dei frammenti sequenziati, non possono ridurre il problema della frammentazione delle sequenze consenso. Le librerie Mate Pair, invece, riescono a ridurre il problema, le più lunghe superano ripetizioni più estese mentre le più corte migliorano al ricostruzione del contenuto dei gap. La tecnologia PacBio ha dimostrato di essere una soluzione efficace nella riduzione della frammentazione, ma il costo proibitivo ne impedisce l’uso da sola. L’assemblaggio ibrido è una possibile alternativa combinando un’elevata profondità di sequenziamento di reads Illumina, corte ma economiche e affidabili, con una limitata quantità di reads PacBio, lunghe ma con un alto tasso d’errore. Questa soluzione porta ad una riduzione dei costi di sequenziamento ma anche a risultati di qualità inferiore, in aggiunta le risorse computazionali necessarie crescono a dismisura.
Sono disponibili molteplici soluzioni al problema della ricostruzione della sequenza di un genoma ma sono le caratteristiche del genoma stesso che indicano la combinazione di tecnologia di sequenziamento e procedimento informatico che meglio ottimizzano i costi e le qualità dei risultati ottenibili.The advent of the Second Generation of sequencing technologies deeply changed the process of generating data from DNA molecules, which has become cheaper and faster. The multiplicity of technologies and assembly tools available, each with different strengths and weaknesses, turns the choice of a proper experimental set-up when approaching the genome of a new species into a difficult task.
In this work, multiple strategies have been adopted for reconstructing the genomes of different species. This has allowed profiling of the practices that best optimize costs and results according to the genetic characteristics of the subject of study.
When dealing with bacterial organisms, the short genome length and a low complexity of the underlying sequence allows to obtain a high quality draft even when using only one standard Illumina library - regardless of the assembly procedure adopted.
Fungal genomes show an increased length and a higher complexity when compared with prokaryotic organisms. Standard Illumina libraries are not sufficient to overcome the fragmentation issue of the draft sequence, and improving the computational assembly pipeline shows only a limited power in ameliorating the results. Additional Mate Pair sequencing data or PacBio long reads sequencing can be adequate alternatives, as they both lead to high quality assembly results at similar expenses.
Long plant genomes show the highest complexity degree, with an elevated repetitive content and high heterozygosity rate. Standard Illumina libraries are not sufficient to overcome the fragmentation problem due to the limited insert size. Mate pair sequences greatly improve the results, with longer libraries spanning longer repeats and shorter ones improving the gap reconstruction. PacBio showed to be an effective solution to this problem, but given its high sequencing costs it is prohibitive to adopt this technology alone for reconstruction. Hybrid assembly is a possible alternative, combining an high coverage of Illumina short but cheap and reliable reads with a low coverage of longer but more erroneous PacBio reads. This solution has lower sequencing costs, but the quality of the results is limited by the coverage of long reads; moreover, the computational resources necessary to perform error correction and assembly are massively increased.
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When approaching the reconstruction of a genome, therefore, multiple solutions are available – but it is the available knowledge of its characteristics that indicates the best combination of assembly tools and sequencing technologies to optimise both expenses and quality of the results
Freezing or escaping? Opposite modulations of empathic reactivity to the pain of others
No full textPerceiving pain in others may induce the covert simulation of both sensory and emotional components of others' pain experience. Previous transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies have investigated the motor counterpart of this resonant mapping by showing suppression of motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) during the observation of a needle entering body parts of another person. Here we explored whether MEPs recorded from an onlooker's hand (e.g., the right hand, TMS to the left motor cortex) are differentially influenced by the observation of painfully stimuli delivered to the same (right) or the opposite (left) hand in a model. Congruency between observed (model) and recorded (onlooker) hand brought about a reduction of MEPs amplitude. This resonant inhibitory response in the onlooker was specific for the muscle penetrated in the model. In contrast, observing pain on the model's hand opposite to that from which MEPs were recorded brought about a generalized increase of hand corticospinal excitability. Corticospinal inhibition and facilitation effects were comparable in the two hemispheres and specific for the corresponding and opposite hand. Results suggest that observing pain in another person's hand automatically induces the covert simulation of potentially adaptive freezing and avoidance responses in the onlooker's corticospinal system. (C) 2008 Elsevier Srl. All rights reserved
MINIO : an I/O benchmark for investigating high level parallel libraries
No full textInput/output (I/O) operations are one of the biggest challenges facing scientific computing as it transitions to exascale. The traditional software stack – com- prising of parallel file systems, middlewares and high level libraries – has evolved to enable applications to better cope with the demands of enormous datasets. This software stack makes high performance parallel I/O easily accessible to application engineers, however it is important to ensure best performance is not compromised through attempts to enrich these libraries. We present MINIO, a benchmark for the investigation of I/O behaviour focusing on understanding overheads and inefficiencies in high level library usage. MINIO uses HDF5 and TyphonIO to explore I/O at scale using different application behavioural pat- terns. A case study is performed using MINIO to identify performance limiting characteristics present in the TyphonIO library as an example of performance discrepancies in the I/O stack
Left hemisphere dominance in reading the sensory qualities of others' pain?
No full textSeeing or imagining others in pain may activate both the sensory and affective components of the neural network (pain matrix) that is activated during the personal experience of pain. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), proved adept at highlighting the sensorimotor side of empathy for pain in studies where mere observation of needles penetrating body parts of a human model brought about a clear corticospinal motor inhibition. By using TMS, we investigated whether inferring the sensory properties of the pain of a model influenced the somatomotor system of an onlooker. Moreover, we tested the possible lateralization of the motor substrates underlying this reading process. We recorded motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) to left and right motor cortex stimulation during the observation of "flesh and bone" painful stimulations of right and left hands respectively. We found a significant reduction of onlookers' MEPs amplitudes specific to the muscle penetrated in the model. Subjective inferences about localization and intensity of the observed pain were associated with specific patterns of motor modulation with larger inhibitory effects following stimulation of the left motor cortex. Thus, results indicate that the mental simulation of the sensory qualities of others' pain may be lateralized to the left hemisphere
Curtobacterium sp. genome sequencing underlines plant growth promotion-related traits
No full textEndophytic bacteria are microorganisms residing in plant tissues without causing disease symptoms. Here, we provide the high-quality genome sequence of Curtobacterium sp. strain S6, isolated from grapevine plant. The genome assembly contains 2,759,404 bp in 13 contigs and 2,456 predicted genes
Stimulus-driven modulation of motor-evoked potentials during observation of others' pain.
No full textEmpathy may allow interindividual sharing not only of emotions (e.g., joy, sadness, disgust) but also of sensations (e.g., touch, itching, pain). Although empathy for pain may rely upon both sensory and affective components of the pain experience, neuroimaging studies indicate that only the affective component of the pain matrix is involved in empathy for pain. By using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), we highlighted the sensorimotor side of empathy for pain by showing a clear motor inhibition during the mere observation of needles penetrating body parts of a human model. Here, we explored stimulus-specific and instruction-specific influences on this inhibition by manipulating task instructions (request to adopt first- or third-person perspective vs. passive observation) and painfulness of the experimental stimuli (presentation of videos of needles deeply penetrating or simply pinpricking a hand). We found a significant reduction in amplitudes of motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) specific to the muscle the subjects observed being penetrated that correlated with the intensity of the pain attributed to the model. Crucially, this motor inhibition was present during observation of penetrating but not of pinpricking needles. Moreover, no MEPs modulation contingent upon different task instructions was found. Results suggest that the motor inhibition elicited by the observation of 'flesh and bone' pain stimuli is more stimulus-driven than instruction-driven
Minio dzieciom. O twórczości przekładowej Janusza Minkiewicza
No full textJanusz Minkiewicz was an excellent poet, satirist, translator, contributor to many important periodicals, friend of Tuwim and Brzechwa, author of famous satires and political cribs, but also of numerous works for children and translator. His first translation published in book form appeared after the war, quickly gaining a circle of enthusiasts, both among children and adults. To date, more than a dozen titles intended for a young audience have been published, the vast majority of which have been reprinted many times. Minkiewicz translated mainly from Russian, but his translation output also included English poetry, German or Italian. The paper – the result of a search conducted at the Polish Writers Donation Library, at the State Archive in Warsaw, at the Nasza Księgarnia and at the Adam Mickiewicz Museum in Warsaw – is the first attempt to look at Janusz Minkiewicz’s translation output addressed to young readers
Absence of Embodied Empathy During Pain Observation in Asperger Syndrome
No full textBackground: Asperger syndrome (AS) is a neurodevelopmental condition within the autism spectrum conditions (ASC) characterized by specific difficulties in communication, social interaction, and empathy that is essential for sharing and understanding others' feelings and emotions. Although reduced empathy is considered a core feature of ASC, neurophysiological evidence of empathic deficits before and below mentalizing and perspective taking is lacking, We explored whether people with AS differ from neurotypical control participants in their empathic corticospinal response to the observation of others' pain and the modulatory role played by phenomenal experience of observed pain and personality traits.
Methods: Sixteen right-handed men with AS (aged 28.0 +/- 7.2 years) and 20 neurotypical controls (aged 25.3 +/- 6.7 years) age, sex, and IQ matched, underwent single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation during observation of painful and nonpainful stimuli affecting another individual.
Results: When observing other's pain, participants with AS, in contrast to neurotypical control participants, did not show any amplitude reduction of motor-evoked potentials recorded from the muscle vicariously affected by pain, nor did their neurophysiological response correlate with imagined pain sensory qualities. Participants with AS represented others' pain in relation to the self-oriented arousal experienced while watching pain videos.
Conclusions: Finding no embodiment of others' pain provides neurophysiological evidence for reduced empathic resonance in people with AS and indicates that their empathic difficulties involve not only cognitive dimensions but also sensorimotor resonance with others. We suggest that absence of embodied empathy may be linked to changes at very basic levels of neural processing
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