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    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Pseudoartrosi dell'ulna : un nuovo approccio con chiodo endomidollare e PRP

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    Il tasso di pseudoartrosi nelle fratture dell’avambraccio si aggira intorno al 2%, ma aumenta quando vi è anche la presenza di una lesione a carico dell’ulna. Abbiamo impostato una nuova strategia per il trattamento della pseudoartrosi ulnare, combinando l’uso di un chiodo endomidollare con l’infiltrazione nel sito di pseudoartrosi di plasma autologo ricco di piastrine (PrP). Presentiamo tre diversi casi riguardanti giovani pazienti affetti da pseudoartrosi atrofica dell’ulna. La pseudoartrosi, radiograficamente documentata, è stata trattata chirurgicamente mediante la rimozione dei mezzi di sintesi precedentemente impiantati, il curettage del focolaio di pseudoartrosi e la sintesi con chiodo endomidollare ulnare con infiltrazione del PrP. I controlli clinico-radiografici a 20 mesi dall’intervento hanno mostrato regolari processi riparativi in assenza di deviazioni assiali e deficit funzionale. Crediamo che l’utilizzo di gel piastrinico autologo rappresenti un utile co-trattamento nei casi di pseudoartrosi atrofica; tuttavia l’utilizzo combinato tra chiodo ulnare e PrP richiede ulteriori approfondimenti.The nonunion rate in forearm fractures is less than 2% when a proper technique is used, while this rate increases when ulnar lesions are associated. After these considerations, we started a new strategy for the treatment of ulnar nonunion by combining use of an intramedullary nailing with PrP (platelet-rich plasma), which contains growth factors known for their regenerative properties. We present three different cases of delayed atrophic nonunion which have been surgically treated in order to remove the previous synthesis, perform a curettage of the nonunion area and insert an ulnar rod with PrP interposition. About 20 months after surgery X-ray showed the restoration of regular skeletal filling without axial defects and at the clinical examination there was no functional limitation. We believe that the use of autologous platelet gel represents a useful cotreatment in difficult cases of inactive nonunion, even if further studies need to be performed
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