3,026 research outputs found
A sedimentary depositional and diagenetic model of a Pleistocene/Holocene coastal formation in Alexandria, Mediterranean Sea, Egypt
No full textLate Quaternary deposition along the northwest coastal plain of Egypt was influenced by sea level fluctuations as documented by a succession of Quaternary carbonate ridges (up to eight or nine) running parallel to the present shoreline. This study focuses upon depositional and diagenetic aspects related to the last glacial cycle and aims to the reconstruction of the coastal sedimentary paleo-depositional environments of the “Gabal El-Kor Island”, located along the Mediterranean coast of Egypt near Alexandria. The sedimentary succession cropping out at Gabal El-Kor Island is interpreted as a part of the Pleistocene second coastal ridge, dated at about 100 Ka. This study revealed that during the last interglacial period (Marine Isotopic Stage 5, MIS 5), marine deposits mostly made of bioclastic grains and ooids were formed and their early diagenetic alteration was achieved under marine subaqueous conditions. After marine regression, during glacial periods, a phase of subaerial exposure followed. This was associated with transport and accumulation of the exposed carbonate sands from the shore inland by wind action. In the postglacial, the sea level rose up to its present level and a lagoon formed behind Gabel El-Kor Island. The most relevant diagenetic events took place in three distinct stages: MIS 5, between MIS 4 and MIS 2, and during the early and middle Holocene MIS 1. Salient diagenetic events refer to vadose, meteoric, and marine phreatic environments respectively
Size Effect on Concrete Shear Strength in Beams Reinforced with FRP Bars
No full textThe understanding of size effect on the concrete shear strength of beams reinforced with fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars is of fundamental and practical significance. The calibration and verification of the ACI 440 shear design algorithm has been mainly based on experimental results from specimens with a maximum effective depth of 360 mm (14.19 in.), which are not always representative of large-scale applications. In this paper, the results of laboratory tests on scaled FRP-reinforced concrete beams without shear reinforcement, having a maximum effective depth of 883 mm (34.75 in.), are presented. Based also on results available in the literature for normal-strength concrete, the scaling of strength is discussed in relation to effective depth, reinforcement ratio, aggregate size, and presence of minimum shear reinforcement and longitudinal skin reinforcement. Representative North American design algorithms that account for the shear force being resisted primarily by the uncracked concrete in compression (ACI) and through aggregate interlock (CSA) are then assessed
The interplay of art and advertising
No full textUmetnost je bila v toku časa neprenehoma podvržena spremembam. Ni mogoče zanikati dejstva, da so tudi nova odkritja imela velik vpliv na potek razvoja umetnosti. V diplomski nalogi predstavim možnosti, ki jih oglaševanje nudi umetnikom: se preko nje izraziti, ustvarjati in komunicirati z javnostjo. Drugi vidik, ki ga naslovim, je možnost implementiranja sodobne tehnologije, natančneje medmrežja, da bi s tem postala umetnost dostopnejša širši množici. V svojem delu tematiziram intermedialnost in interdisciplinarnostpojava, ki imata vse večjo vlogo v celotni znanosti ter kulturi, vključujoč umetnosti. Izkoriščanje spoznanj z različnih področij nam nudi priložnost ustvariti celovitejšo rešitev obravnavane problematike. Te predpostavke obravnavam v svojem projektu, v katerem predstavim združitev umetnosti, oglaševanja in sodobnih medijev.
S pregledom zgodovine oglaševanja sem dognala, da so meje med oglaševanjem in umetnostjo močno zabrisane, prav posebej na začetku izoblikovanja oglaševalske panoge. Preplet med njima se nadaljuje in postaja s tehnološkim napredkom vse kompleksnejši.
Preko raziskovanja za diplomsko delo ugotovim, da je sodobna tehnologija podvržena omejitvam in da obljube, da množični mediji omogočajo dostopnost do informacij vsem ter povsod, vsaj za zdaj ne izpolnjujejo v obetani meri.In the course of time, art has always been a subject to changes. It is not possible to deny the fact that new discoveries also had an important influence on the course of art\u27s development. In the graduation thesis I present the possibilities offered to the artists by advertising: they can express themselves through art, create, and communicate with public. Another aspect addressed is the possibility of implementation of modern technology, specifically internet, in order art to become more accessible to wider public. In my thesis, I deal with intermediality and interdisciplinarity: phenomenona with an increasing role in the entire science and culture, including art. The use of realizations from various areas gives us opportunity to create a more comprehensive solution of the issues addressed. I address these presumptions in my project, in which I present unification of art, advertising, and modern media.
By reviewing the history of advertising, I established that boundaries among advertising and art are strongly blurred, especially at the beginning of advertising industry formulation. With technological progress, the intertwinement among them continues and becomes more complex.
Through a research for my graduation thesis, I establish that modern technology is liable to restrictions, and that a promise for mass media to enable accessibility of information to all people everywhere, is not kept in the anticipated extent
Conservation in an Islamic context a case study of Makkah
No full textThe Holy Qu’ rān contains many injunctions for Muslims to respect and conserve the natural environment but few address the built environment. Habitat at the time of the Prophet (PBOH) was in the vernacular and relatively impermanent. The first habitat was the cave, the second the tent and then simple flat roofed buildings of post and lintel construction made of mud and rubble. Later buildings were not indigenous but reflected the architectural styles and techniques of Muslim pilgrims from beyond the Arabian Peninsula. Permanent exotic buildings were later erected as reminders of holy places and events. This work advances a case to restore and preserve historic and religious sites in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Makkah is the destination for millions of Muslim pilgrims who annually pay homage to Allah during the occasions of Hajj, Ramadan and Umra. The tranquillity and peaceful ambience that one associates with the holiest of Islamic experiences have, over the years, given way to jostling crowds of people who must be expediently housed, fed, transported, and protected. Due to the lack of planning and the insensitive but profitable development of the city, Makkah is in grave danger of becoming a bustling metropolis instead of a sanctuary where pilgrims gather to perform their religious rites and reaffirm their dedication to Allah. The author calls for professional planning and international cooperation to guide future development for this expanding and sensitive area. The author's ideas are grounded in practical and aesthetic study, therefore, the political, environmental and economic issues are examined in relationship to religious, historic and artistic values. The author makes proposals for a future Makkah that would provide pilgrims with the physical comforts, security, and serene environment they deserve—without destroying the city they came to visit. The author discusses preservation and conservation in the western world and the need for their acceptance in Muslim countries, the former being an aesthetic and intellectual concept sustained by law and the latter being the prescribed free expression of the individual unhindered by material considerations. Both worlds are rapidly being overwhelmed by materialism, but body, mind and spirit combine in making us aware of our surroundings and the way in what we see around us has come into being
Towards a sterile insect technique field release of <it>Anopheles arabiensis </it>mosquitoes in Sudan: Irradiation, transportation, and field cage experimentation
No full textAbstract Background The work described in this article forms part of a study to suppress a population of the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis in Northern State, Sudan, with the Sterile Insect Technique. No data have previously been collected on the irradiation and transportation of anopheline mosquitoes in Africa, and the first series of attempts to do this in Sudan are reported here. In addition, experiments in a large field cage under near-natural conditions are described. Methods Mosquitoes were irradiated in Khartoum and transported as adults by air to the field site earmarked for future releases (400 km from the laboratory). The field cage was prepared for experiments by creating resting sites with favourable conditions. The mating and survival of (irradiated) laboratory males and field-collected males was studied in the field cage, and two small-scale competition experiments were performed. Results Minor problems were experienced with the irradiation of insects, mostly associated with the absence of a rearing facility in close proximity to the irradiation source. The small-scale transportation of adult mosquitoes to the release site resulted in minimal mortality ( Conclusion It is concluded that although conditions are challenging, there are no major obstacles associated with the small-scale irradiation and transportation of insects in the current setting. The field cage is suitable for experiments and studies to test the competitiveness of irradiated males can be pursued. The scaling up of procedures to accommodate much larger numbers of insects needed for a release is the next challenge and recommendations to further implementation of this genetic control strategy are presented.</p
Harvesting of freshwater microalgae Scenedesmus obliquus and Chlorella vulgaris using acid mine drainage as a cost effective flocculant for biofuel production
No full textDevelopment of a low-cost harvesting technology could be an effective approach for making microalgal biofuel commercially feasible. The use of acid mine drainage (AMD) to coagulate/flocculate biomass is a cost-effective strategy for addressing this challenge. Here, settling kinetics, flocculation efficiency (FE), and concentration factor (CF) of two morphologically different microalgae species, Scenedesmus obliquus and Chlorella vulgaris, were investigated with respect to AMD dosage (5% and 10%) and medium pH (7 and 9). AMD was collected from two different sites, AMD (1) and AMD (2), and increasing its dosage to 10% improved the settling rate, FE, and CF of the floc. At 10% AMD (1) dosage and pH 9, the highest rate constants (k(2)) for the second order equations were 6.65 x 10(-2) and 40 x 10(-2) L mg(-1).min(-1) for S. obliquus and C. vulgaris, respectively; at 10% AMD (2), k(2) values were 4.22 x 10(-2) and 4.76 x 10(-2) L mg(-1) min(-1), respectively. Similarly, FE/CF values were 89%/25 for S. obliquus and 93%/29 for C vulgaris with 10% AMD (1); and 81%/17 and 79%/17, respectively, with 10% AMD (2). AMD effectively removed 99.80% of Fe3+, 99.99% of Al3+, 94% of Ca2+, 84% of Mg2+ and all of Na+ and K+ ions from the supernatant. The results of kinetics, EF, and CF measurements indicate that AMDs, naturally rich in iron and aluminum ions, could provide a feasible option for the harvesting of microalgal biomass for biofuel generation. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.This work was supported by the Dong-A University research fund
‘Tenderstem’ Broccoli for Export Markets: an Analysis Study on the AgroFood Company
No full textDecision case, horticulture, agriculture economics, broccoli production, protected vegetable production, Agricultural Finance, Crop Production/Industries, Production Economics,
On the use of multivariate analysis and land evaluation for potential agricultural development of the northwestern coast of Egypt
No full textThe development of the agricultural sector is considered the backbone of sustainable development in Egypt. While the developing countries of the world face many challenges regarding food security due to rapid population growth and limited agricultural resources, this study aimed to assess the soils of Sidi Barrani and Salloum using multivariate analysis to determine the land capability and crop suitability for potential alternative crop uses, based on using principal component analysis (PCA), agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis (AHC) and the Almagra model of MicroLEIS. In total, 24 soil profiles were dug, to represent the geomorphic units of the study area, and the soil physicochemical parameters were analyzed in laboratory. The land capability assessment was classified into five significant classes (C1 to C5) based on AHC and PCA analyses. The class C1 represents the highest capable class while C5 is assigned to lowest class. The results indicated that about 7% of the total area was classified as highly capable land (C1), which is area characterized by high concentrations of macronutrients (N, P, K) and low soil salinity value. However, about 52% of the total area was assigned to moderately high class (C2), and 29% was allocated in moderate class (C3), whilst the remaining area (12%) was classified as the low (C4) and not capable (C5) classes, due to soil limitations such as shallow soil depth, high salinity, and increased erosion susceptibility. Moreover, the results of the Almagra soil suitability model for ten crops were described into four suitability classes, while about 37% of the study area was allocated in the highly suitable class (S2) for wheat, olive, alfalfa, sugar beet and fig. Furthermore, 13% of the area was categorized as highly suitable soil (S2) for citrus and peach. On the other hand, about 50% of the total area was assigned to the marginal class (S4) for most of the selected crops. Hence, the use of multivariate analysis, mapping land capability and modeling the soil suitability for diverse crops help the decision makers with regard to potential agricultural development
The Sealings from Marsa Gawasis (S3ww): Preliminary Considerations on the Administration of the Port
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