1,720,968 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Left ventricular hypertrophy and QT interval in obesity and in hypertension : effects of weight loss and of normalisation of blood pressure
No full textBACKGROUND: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and prolonged QT interval at ECG (QTc) are common in both obesity and arterial hypertension (AH), and are risk factors for cardiovascular disease and sudden death. METHODS: We compared the frequencies of LVH (ECG criteria) and QTc in obese-AH (n = 41), in normotensive obese (n = 75), in lean-AH (n = 30), and in lean controls (n = 68) comparable for age and sex; in obese patients, LVH and QTc were evaluated under basal conditions and 1 y later, that is, after a significant weight loss induced by bariatric surgery. RESULTS: LVH was more frequent, and QTc was longer, in obese-AH, in normotensive obese, and in lean-AH than in lean controls; after weight loss, frequency of LVH decreased in obese subjects becoming normotensive (n = 87), not in obese subjects remaining hypertensive (n = 29), while QTc decreased in all obese subjects. CONCLUSION: Weight loss can effectively reduce QTc; when concomitant AH disappears, weight loss can also reduce the prevalence of LVH. In obese patients remaining hypertensive, aggressive pharmacological treatment is therefore indicated to correct LVH
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome are associated with increased expression of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 in obese subjects
No full textObjective: The role of glucocorticoids production in adipose tissue in the development of metabolic disorders in humans has not been fully characterized. We investigated whether in obese subjects, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) expression in subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral (VAT) adipose tissue is associated with the occurrence of metabolic disorders and the expression of adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and two glucocorticoid-regulated adipokines able to influence the metabolic control. Design and subjects: Sixty-two obese patients were enrolled in the study. SAT and VAT samples were obtained from 13 patients undergoing bariatric surgery (body mass index (BMI) 39.1±5.3 kg/m2). SAT samples were obtained from 49 patients who underwent periumbilical biopsy (BMI 36.9±5.1 kg/m2). Measurements: Oral glucose tolerance tests in subjects without known diabetes. Circulating glucose, lipid, insulin, adiponectin, TNFα and urinary-free cortisol levels. Real-time PCR to quantify mRNA levels of 11β-HSD1, hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (H6PDH), adiponectin and TNFα. Western blot analysis to evaluate 11β-HSD1 protein expression. Results: In the majority of the obese subjects, VAT expresses more 11β-HSD1 than SAT. VAT 11β-HSD1 expression was not associated with metabolic disorders. SAT 11β-HSD1 mRNA levels were higher in subjects with than in those without metabolic syndrome (P<0.05) and in patients with type 2 diabetes compared to patients with impaired or normal glucose tolerance (P<0.0001). SAT 11β-HSD1 expression was independently related to fasting glucose (P<0.0001) and urinary-free cortisol levels (P<0.01), and increased expression of 11β-HSD1 was associated with increased adiponectin and TNFα expression and decreased serum adiponectin levels (all P's <0.05). Conclusions: In obese subjects, increased 11β-HSD1 expression in SAT, but not in VAT, is associated with the worsening of metabolic conditions. We hypothesize that higher glucocorticoid production in adipose tissue would favor the development of metabolic disorders through a decrease in adiponectin release
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Effetto del percorso riabilitativo multidisciplinare nel paziente anziano obeso
No full textScopo. L’obesità e le sue complicanze cliniche e metaboliche rappresentano
una condizione clinica sempre più frequente nel paziente anziano con importanti
implicazioni nell’aspettativa di vita e nella autonomia funzionale.
Il paziente anziano obeso ha un rischio aumentato di sviluppare diabete,
ipertensione e malattie cerebrovascolari con conseguente aspettativa di vita ridotta rispetto all’anziano normopeso. Inoltre, l’obesità determina una ridotta autonomia funzionale inversamente proporzionale all’eccesso ponderale. Attualmente non esistono terapie farmacologiche realmente
efficaci per il trattamento dell’obesità e le controindicazioni dei farmaci a
disposizione ne limitano l’uso nel paziente anziano. La terapia chirurgica è
frequentemente improponibile per i rischi intra e post operatori. Nel paziente
obeso non anziano la terapia educativo–comportamentale con approccio
multidisciplinare ha dato importanti risultati sull’entità del calo ponderale
e sul suo mantenimento nel tempo. Scopo dello studio è valutare l’efficacia
dell’approccio multidisciplinare nel paziente anziano obeso.
Materiali e metodi. 93 pazienti obesi anziani (14 M, 79F; età media ± DS:
69 ± 3.12 anni) sono stati sottoposti a percorso educativo-comportamentale per un periodo di tre mesi. Il percorso prevedeva almeno un incontro settimanale nel corso del quale venivano effettuate le seguenti valutazioni: misurazione dei parametri clinici e antropometrici, visita endocrinologica, dietistica, psicologica ed eventualmente psichiatrica con colloqui individuali e di gruppo. Inoltre, ad ogni incontro, i pazienti effettuavano un’ora di attività fisica aerobica in palestra. All’inizio e alla fine del percorso riabilitativo ai pazienti venivano effettuati: OGTT per glicemia ed insulina (escluso i diabetici noti), colesterolo HDL, LDL, trigliceridi, bioimpedenziometria per
analisi della percentuale di massa grassa e massa magra.
Risultati. Dopo il percorso educativo-comportamentale è stato osservato un significativo decremento del valore medio di BMI (36.6 vs 34.8 kg/m2, p<0.0001), circonferenza vita (115 vs 110 cm, p<0.0001), homa IR (2.5 vs 2.1, p<0.05), massa grassa (49.6 vs 47.5%, p<0.001), PA sistolica (136.8 vs 127 mmHg, p<0.001) e un significativo incremento della massa magra
(50.4 vs 52.5%, p<0.001). Un decremento quasi al limite della significatività
statistica è stato osservato per i livelli di glicemia al termine del percorso
multidisciplinare.
Conclusioni. Nel paziente anziano obeso il percorso educativo-comportamentale consente di ottenere una significativa riduzione dei parametri antropometrici e metabolici
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
